Social factors

The objective of the study was to determine the degree of adherence to pharmacological treatment in people in pre-older adults and older adults age groups and to analyse the correlation between selected sociodemographic parameters, severity of anxiety as a trait, symptoms of depression, a sense of family support and satisfaction with life, and adherence in people over 55 years of age. The study was conducted in a group of 2,040 people (1,406 women, 634 men) aged 55 to 100 (the average age was 65.4). The following sociodemographic variables were analysed: age, gender, education...

BACKGROUND: Understanding the diverse factors influencing physical activity-related injuries is crucial for developing effective interventions that enable individuals to participate in physical activity (PA) while minimizing injury risk. Currently, research evidence on the multiple factors associated with PA-related injuries is inadequate. This study aimed to examine the associations between PA-related injuries and various biological, psychological, and social factors among first-year university students in China...

The quality and safety of agricultural products are related to people's lives and health, economic development, and social stability, and have always been a hot issue of concern to the government and society. The rapid development of digital traceability technology in the digital environment has brought new opportunities for the supervision of agricultural product quality and safety, but the frequent occurrence of agricultural product safety incidents in recent years has exposed many problems such as the lack of governmental supervision, unstandardized production process of enterprises, and weak consumer awareness...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Previous research demonstrates that social support facilitates successful aging across all cultures. However, the factors that potentially mediate the link between social support and successful aging remain unclear. This study examined whether a healthy lifestyle and self-esteem mediate the association between social support and successful aging. It was hypothesized that the relationship between social support (family, friends, and significant other) and successful aging would be serially mediated by both healthy lifestyle and self-esteem...

This mixed-method study explores the acceptance of ChatGPT as a tool for Metacognitive Self-Regulated Learning (MSRL) among academics. Despite the growing attention towards ChatGPT as a metacognitive learning tool, there is a need for a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing its acceptance in academic settings. Engaging 300 preservice teachers through a ChatGPT-based scenario learning activity and utilizing convenience sampling, this study administered a questionnaire based on the proposed Technology Acceptance Model at UTM University's School of Education...

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: To explore the spatial correlation network characteristics and formation mechanisms of tourism resource conversion efficiency, and provide reference for the collaborative improvement of tourism resource conversion efficiency at the provincial level in China. RESEARCH METHODS: Non parametric SBM efficiency measurement method and social network analysis method. Research hypothesis: The spatial network correlation characteristics of tourism resource conversion efficiency are obvious, and regional connections are close...

The issue of global climate change has garnered increasing attention, with carbon emissions emerging as a significant challenge confronting the world today. As an important means of environmental management, river basin ecological compensation must break through the traditional thinking of "water-centric" and move towards the coordinated development of "pollution reduction". Therefore, the study chooses the watershed scale ecological compensation experiment carried out in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as a natural experiment...

Environment is a determining factor that can facilitate or hinder social interactions. A precursor to meaningfully engaging with conspecifics is being exposed to opportunistic encounters with others. Increasing the number of individuals in a given space (thus increasing density) would, statistically speaking, increase the likelihood of accidental encounters. This might have consequences on the formation of social networks-an idea that has not reliably been explored. If true, we would expect that increasing density would lead to an increase in the number and the duration of 'clusters' of animals...

In this research, we introduce a comprehensive epidemiological model that accounts for multiple strains of an infectious disease and two distinct vaccination options. Vaccination stands out as the most effective means to prevent and manage infectious diseases. However, when there are various vaccines available, each with its costs and effectiveness, the decision-making process for individuals becomes paramount. Furthermore, the factor of waning immunity following vaccination also plays a significant role in influencing these choices...

BACKGROUND: The provision of graded supervision affording progressive autonomy is fundamental to the progression of a medical learner toward competency for independent practice; the decision of how much supervision versus autonomy to provide a trainee in the execution of clinical care constitutes an entrustment decision. Despite entrustment decision making occurring both daily in practice and summatively at points of matriculation through stages of medical training, the factors influencing entrustment decisions remain poorly understood across clinical contexts...

BACKGROUND: Having a disabled sibling can be a source of extremely important and enriching experiences that foster the development of social and emotional competences, as well as broadening the child's perspective and knowledge. On the other hand, it also poses many challenges for the siblings, especially in adolescence. Thus, the aim of the proposed project is to investigate the specificity of the growing up process in young people with disabled siblings. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE: A total of 160 dyads (320 participants) - an adolescent and one of his/her parents - will take part in this cross-sectional case-control study...

BACKGROUND: Human health is determined by a number of physical, social and psychological factors, including the often considered health behaviors. They are an indispensable part of the health recovery process and are also the basis of prevention in the development of such disorders as atherosclerosis. Health behaviors are reinforced by an individual's resources such as positive orientation, which is composed of optimism, high self-esteem and satisfaction with life. The main objective of the study was to determine whether there is a relationship between positive orientation and health behavior, in a group of people with atherosclerosis...

INTRODUCTION: Cognitive Impairment (CI) in the elderly, encompassing conditions ranging from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to dementia, represents a growing public health concern globally. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and correlates of CI among individuals aged 80 and above. METHODS: The study conducts 13,027 elderly individual's door-to-door surveys, followed by the cross-tabulation of analysis data, logistic regression analysis, and health condition assessments to examine various determinants of CI...

INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the long-term prevalence of, and factors associated with, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the bereaved families of the Sewol ferry disaster, in which 250 students lost their lives during a school excursion. METHODS: Eight years after the disaster, 181 family members were surveyed, and the prevalence of clinical PTSD symptoms was estimated. The Positive Resources Test (POREST), the Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire, and the Brief COPE were evaluated using self-report measures...

BACKGROUND: Usage of Youth Friendly Health Services (YFHSs) remains unsatisfactory in sub-Saharan Africa despite global agreements on the utilisation of these services among the youths. AIM: The aim of the study was to identify factors that influence the utilisation of YFHSs in Blantyre, Malawi. SETTING: Four health centres in Blantyre, Malawi. METHODS: A descriptive quantitative research design using multistage sampling was used to randomly sample ( N = 293) unmarried youths and collect data using a structured questionnaire...

OBJECTIVE: This article addresses the persistent challenge of Delayed Hospital Discharge (DHD) and aims to provide a comprehensive overview, synthesis, and actionable, sustainable plan based on the synthesis of the systematic review articles spanning the past 24 years. Our research aims to comprehensively examine DHD, identifying its primary causes and emphasizing the significance of effective communication and management in healthcare settings. METHODS: We conducted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) method for synthesizing findings from 23 review papers published over the last two decades, encompassing over 700 studies...

Cooperation may emerge from intrinsic factors such as social structure and extrinsic factors such as environmental conditions. Although these factors might reinforce or counteract each other, their interaction remains unexplored in animal populations. Studies on multilevel societies suggest a link between social structure, environmental conditions and individual investment in cooperative behaviours. These societies exhibit flexible social configurations, with stable groups that overlap and associate hierarchically...

Domestic violence persists as a significant social challenge affecting a considerable number of women globally. Some scholars have ascribed the inclination toward domestic violence to a "cycle of violence" spanning generations, while others have pointed out structural inequalities. Feminist researchers contend that a comprehensive understanding necessitates exploration within the social and institutional realms of gender inequality. While each of these perspectives contributes significantly to comprehending domestic violence, individually, they might not unveil the complete causal narrative...

AIMS: Social inequalities in mortality persist or even increase in high-income countries. Most evidence is based on a period approach to measuring mortality - that is, data from individuals born decades apart. A cohort approach, however, provides complementary insights using data from individuals who grow up and age under similar social and institutional arrangements. This study compares income inequalities in cohort life expectancy in two Swedish cohorts, one born before and one born after the expansion of the welfare state...

BACKGROUND: Considering that dementia is an international public health priority, several countries have developed national dementia strategies outlining initiatives to address challenges posed by the disease. These strategies aim to improve the care, support, and resources available to meet the needs of persons living with dementia and their care partners and communities. Despite the known impact of social determinants of health on dementia risk, care, and outcomes, it is unclear whether dementia strategies adequately address related inequities...