molecular breast cancer

Breast cancer, the most frequent female malignancy, is often curable when detected at an early stage. The treatment of metastatic breast cancer is more challenging and may be unresponsive to conventional therapy. Immunotherapy is crucial for treating metastatic breast cancer, but its resistance is a major limitation. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is vital in modulating the immunotherapy response. Various tumor microenvironmental components, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are involved in TME modulation to cause immunotherapy resistance...

The emergence of drug resistance is a substantial obstacle to the effective management of breast cancer, which is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. To facilitate the development of targeted therapies that can effectively overcome drug resistance, it is crucial to possess a comprehensive comprehension of the molecular mechanisms that underpin resistance to breast cancer treatment. So far, considerable progress has been made in the field of exercise-oncology research and overcome drug resistance, specifically about breast cancer...

Although metabolic reprogramming within tumor cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) is well described in breast cancer, little is known about how the interplay of immune state and cancer metabolism evolves during treatment. Here, we characterize the immunometabolic profiles of tumor tissue samples longitudinally collected from individuals with breast cancer before, during and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using proteomics, genomics and histopathology. We show that the pre-, on-treatment and dynamic changes of the immune state, tumor metabolic proteins and tumor cell gene expression profiling-based metabolic phenotype are associated with treatment response...

Breast cancer is still the leading cause of death among women worldwide. Due to the lack of effective drug targets, triple-negative breast cancer has a worse prognosis and higher mortality compared with other types of breast cancer, and chemotherapy is still the main treatment for triple-negative breast cancer at present. Quercetin (QUE) is a flavonoid compound found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. The mechanism of QUE has been extensively studied, such as prostate cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, etc...

BACKGROUND: Estrogen receptor (ER) positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer (ER+/HER2-BC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are two distinct breast cancer molecular subtypes, especially in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). The TIME of TNBC is considered to be more inflammatory than that of ER+/HER2-BC. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play an important role of tumor eradication in TME. However, studies focusing on the different cell states of NK cells in breast cancer subtypes are still inadequate...

AIM: To investigate the antitumor effects of human placenta hydrolysate (HPH) peptides on three hormone-dependent human cell lines: prostate adenocarcinoma, breast carcinoma, and ovarian cancer by metabolic analysis of cell cultures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of HPH on tumor and control tumor cell lines was evaluated. Study stages: (A) de novo peptide sequencing by collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry; (B) detection of peptides with anti-tumor properties; (C) expert analysis of the obtained lists of peptides...

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis in the central nerve system is uncommon in our routine practice. Most reports include metastatic breast cancer into meningioma. Here we report a metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) into a cerebellar hemangioblastoma in a patient with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Imaging cannot distinguish metastatic ccRCC from primary cerebellar hemangioblastoma. Immuno-molecular studies are proven to be diagnostic. We also reviewed previously documented tumor-to-tumor metastasis of ccRCC to cerebellar hemangioblastoma in VHL disease...

Breast Cancer (BC) has evolved from traditional morphological analysis to molecular profiling, identifying new subtypes. Ki-67, a prognostic biomarker, helps classify subtypes and guide chemotherapy decisions. This review explores how artificial intelligence (AI) can optimize Ki-67 assessment, improving precision and workflow efficiency in BC management. The study presents a critical analysis of the current state of AI-powered Ki-67 assessment. Results demonstrate high agreement between AI and standard Ki-67 assessment methods highlighting AI's potential as an auxiliary tool for pathologists...

Radio genomics is an exciting new area that uses diagnostic imaging to discover genetic features of diseases. In this review, we carefully examined existing literature to evaluate the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) on dynamic contrastenhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) data to distinguish molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC). Implications to noninvasive assessment of molecular subtype include reduction in procedure risks, tailored treatment approaches, ability to examine entire lesion, follow-up of tumour biology in response to treatment and evaluation of treatment resistance and failure secondary to tumour heterogeneity...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic form of breast cancer that lacks an effective targeted therapy. To identify new therapeutic targets, we investigated the phosphohistidine phosphatase, LHPP, which has been implicated in the development of several types of cancer. However, the full significance of LHPP in cancer progression remains unclear due to our limited understanding of its molecular mechanism. We found that levels of the LHPP phosphohistidine phosphatase were significantly increased in human breast cancer patients compared to normal adjacent tissues, with the highest levels in the TNBC subtype...

Cancer is a broad classification of diseases that can affect any organ or body tissue due to aberrant cellular proliferation for unknown reasons. Many present chemotherapeutic drugs are highly toxic and have little selectivity. Additionally, they lead to the development of medication resistance. Therefore, developing tailored chemotherapeutic drugs with minimal side effects and good selectivity is crucial for cancer treatment. 2-(1 H )-Quinazolinone is one of the vital scaffold and anticancer activity is one of the prominent biological activities of this class...

HER2 heterogeneity is a challenge for molecular imaging or treating HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). EGFR is coexpressed in some tumors exhibiting HER2 heterogeneity. Bispecific radioimmunoconjugates (bsRICs) that bind HER2 and EGFR were constructed by linking trastuzumab Fab through polyethyleneglycol (PEG24 ) to EGF. We established s.c. tumors in NOD-SCID mice that homogeneously or heterogeneously expressed HER2 and/or EGFR by the inoculation of HER2-positive/EGFR-negative SK-OV-3 cells, EGFR-positive/HER2-negative MDA-MB-468 cells or mixtures of these cells...

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a fatal disease that severely affects humans. Designing new anticancer strategies and understanding the mechanism of action of anticancer agents is imperative. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: In this study, we evaluated the utility of metformin and D-limonene, alone or in combination, as potential anticancer therapeutics using the human liver and breast cancer cell lines HepG2 and MCF-7. STUDY DESIGN: An integrated systems pharmacology approach is presented for illustrating the molecular interactions between metformin and D-limonene...

BACKGROUND: Resveratrol has demonstrated its ability to regulate BRCA1 gene expression in breast cancer cells, and previous studies have established the binding of MBD proteins to BRCA1 gene promoter regions. However, the molecular mechanism underlying these interactions remains to be elucidated. The aimed to evaluate the impact of MBD proteins on the regulation of BRCA1, BRCA2, and p16 genes and their consequential effects on breast cancer cells. METHODS: Efficacy of resveratrol was assessed using the MTT assay...

BACKGROUND: Cytoplasmic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in both nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), while clinical outcome and prognosis vary greatly among patients treated with gefitinib, and all patients eventually develop resistance to this agent. Therefore, we propose a new concept for synthesizing multitarget compounds and reveal new therapeutic strategies for NPC and TNBC expressing EGFR. METHODS: Compound H was synthesized in our previous study...

The Androgen Receptor (AR) is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC), which is the most common malignancy worldwide. >70 % of AR expression in primary and metastatic breast tumors has been observed which suggests that AR may be a new marker and a potential therapeutic target among AR-positive BC patients. Biological insight into AR-positive breast cancer reveals that AR may cross-talk with several vital signaling pathways, including key molecules and receptors. Downstream signaling of AR might also affect many clinically important pathways that are emerging as clinical targets in BC...

BACKGROUND: Risk of recurrence from primary ER+ breast cancer continues for at least 20 years. We aimed to identify clinical and molecular features associated with risk of recurrence after 10 years. METHODS: ER+ breast cancers from patients with and without recurrence were analysed with the BC360 NanoString Panel and an 87 gene targeted-exome panel. Frequency of clinical, pathologic and molecular characteristics was compared between cases (recurred between 10 and 20 years) and controls (no recurrence by 20 years) in the Very Late Recurrence (VLR) cohort...

PURPOSE: The emergence of large real-world clinical databases and tools to mine electronic medical records has allowed for an unprecedented look at large data sets with clinical and epidemiologic correlates. In clinical cancer genetics, real-world databases allow for the investigation of prevalence and effectiveness of prevention strategies and targeted treatments and for the identification of barriers to better outcomes. However, real-world data sets have inherent biases and problems (eg, selection bias, incomplete data, measurement error) that may hamper adequate analysis and affect statistical power...

Although, superkiller complex protein 8 (SKI8), previously known as WDR61 has been identified and mapped in breast tumor, little is currently known about its function. This study aims to elucidate the role of WDR61 in breast tumor development and its potential as a therapeutic target. Here, we show that tamoxifen-induced knockout of Wdr61 reduces the risk of breast tumors, resulting in smaller tumor size and weight, and improved overall survival. Furthermore, we show that knockdown of WDR61 compromises the proliferation of breast tumor cells with reduced colony-forming capacity...

Aim: This study focused on designing and synthesizing novel derivatives of 3,5,8-trisubstituted coumarin. Results: The synthesized compounds, particularly compound 5 , exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells, surpassing staurosporine, and reduced toxicity toward MCF-10A cells, highlighting potential pharmacological advantages. Further, compound 5 altered the cell cycle and significantly increased apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, involving both early (41.7-fold) and late stages (33-fold), while moderately affecting necrotic signaling...