Chemical agents for pleurodesis

OBJECTIVE: Malignant pleural effusions are commonly treated with tube drainage followed by chemical pleurodesis to maintain the patient's quality of life. While talc is now accepted to be a worldwide gold-standard sclerosing agent for treating malignant pleural effusion, it is not yet approved in Japan. Instead, many patients are administered OK-432 for pleurodesis, which carries the risk of complications such as high-grade fever, chest pain, anaphylactic shock, interstitial pneumonia and acute renal failure...

INTRODUCTION: In patients with refractory pleural effusion or pneumothorax, fever and elevated level of white blood cell count (WBC) are frequently observed after chemical pleurodesis with intrapleural injection of OK-432, which make it difficult to differentiate whether it was from the side effects of OK-432 or concurrent bacterial infection. OBJECTIVE: Procalcitonin (PCT) levels were measured before and after pleurodesis so as to discuss whether PCT is useful for distinguishing between the side effects of OK-432 and concurrent bacterial infection...

BACKGROUND: Management of malignant pleural effusion typically involves insertion of an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) or chemical pleurodesis with agents such as talc. OBJECTIVES: To compare these management strategies with regard to success of pleural effusion management. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was designed comparing patients with malignant and paramalignant pleural effusions and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status <4 managed with IPC insertion or talc pleurodesis (TP) through tube thoracostomy during noncontemporary three-year periods at a single centre...

OBJECTIVE: Overtime, malignant pleural effusion (MPE) arises in advanced-stages of malignancies and frequently heralds a poor prognosis. If the underlying malignancy is chemo sensitive, systemic chemotherapy may control pleural effusion. A common method for the management of the patients with refractory MPE is pleurodesis through the introduction of sclerosing agents such as talc, bleomycin administered/instilled into the pleural cavity. However, the present prospective study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of pleurodesis with povidone-iodine (Betadine) in patients with MPE admitted in Sari General Hospital during 2008-2011...

UNLABELLED: <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">None of the current pleurodesing agents fulfil all the criteria for best pleural sclerosant. Therefore, the search for the ideal agent for chemical pleurodesis still continues. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of erythromycin, tetracycline, Aerosil™ 200 (hydrophilic fumed amorphous silica), and erythromycin plus Aerosil™ 200 in producing pleurodesis in rats. In the present study, talc was not used as a pleurodesing agent due to an unavailability of its sterile and pure form in Iran...

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common, debilitating complication of several types of advanced malignancy, which may significantly reduce the quality of life of patients. There are several options to treat MPE, including thoracentesis, placement of a long-term indwelling pleural catheter and chemical pleurodesis. The best treatment is still debated, but talc remains the agent of choice to achieve pleurodesis. Forty-six patients (28 men and 18 women; median age 67 years, range 47-82 years) with MPE related to different malignancies underwent video-assisted thoracoscopy talc pleurodesis...

Pneumothorax associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after stem cell transplantation is a rare complication. Autologous blood has been used successfully for pleurodesis, which was less toxic than chemical agents. However, when pneumothorax is resistant to pleurodesis, no other procedure is more effective and conservative. Here, we describe a case of myelodysplastic syndromes complicated with cGVHD-related pneumothorax. His pneumothorax has been resistant to pleurodesis using autologous blood and was treated successfully with fibrin glue sealant...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of taurolidine instillation on postoperative air leak by clinical study and to investigate the mechanism of action by animal experiments. METHODS: Outcomes of taurolidine instillation in patients with postoperative air leak were retrospectively reviewed. 100 ml of 1% taurolidine solution was instilled through a chest tube in patients with postoperative air leak lasting 4days or more. Success was defined as cessation of air leak within 24 hours with full expansion of lung on chest radiograph and subsequent removal of chest tube within another 24 hours...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Chemical pleurodesis is an accepted therapy for patients with recurrent pleural effusions and pneumothorax. Iodopovidone has been shown to be safe and effective for chemical pleurodesis in several studies. The aim of this systematic review was to update a previously reported meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of iodopovidone pleurodesis. METHODS: Two databases MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for a period (1952-2010), and studies that have reported success rates with iodopovidone pleurodesis were selected...

INTRODUCTION: Chemical pleurodesis is an effective treatment for malignant effusion and pneumothorax. Although this mode of therapy is less widely accepted in treatment of patients with hepatic hydrothorax, the need for palliative treatment in such patients encouraged us to do this work. The aim of study was analysing the outcome of chemical pleurodesis using bovoiodine, Vibramycin and talc slurry in treatment of hepatic hydrothorax. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A case series randomized study including 23 patients with symptomatic right side hepatic hydrothorax not responding to medical treatment and repeated thoracocentesis was conducted...

Malignant pleural effusion is a common complication in certain malignancies. Pleurodesis is the best option most of the time. The purpose of this study was to compare the choice of belomycin with povidone-iodine, which is not only determined by the efficacy of the agent but also by its cost, accessibility, safety, ease of administration and the number of administrations to achieve a complete response. We performed a randomized clinical trial on 39 patients presenting with symptomatic malignant pleural effusion...

BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural effusion is a common and devastating complication of metastatic breast cancer. This occurs in about 30% of patients with metastatic breast cancer during the clinical course, and chemical pleurodesis is sometimes performed to relieve dyspnea. However, the long-term outcome of pleurodesis and factors affecting successful pleurodesis have not been clarified. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this analysis is to evaluate the long-term outcome of pleurodesis and to identify risk factors associated with success...

For decades, chemical pleurodesis using minocycline has been widely accepted as an effective, safe, and cheap treatment for persistent air leak after pulmonary resection. We report a case with persistent postoperative air leak that suffered from cardiorespiratory arrest just after a minocycline pleurodesis, which may be related to the aspiration of minocycline solution from a bronchopleural fistula. Therefore, we suggest a bronchoscopic examination be performed before the pleurodesis if a bronchopleural fistula is highly suspected...

Chemical pleurodesis is widely used in symptomatic patients with malignant pleural effusion to relieve symptoms, prevent fluid recurrence, and improve quality of life. Talc has been repeatedly found to be the most effective sclerosant agent, and thoracoscopic talc poudrage has been found to be the most effective pleurodesis technique. A homogeneous talc distribution on the visceral and parietal pleura helps to achieve complete pleural symphysis. We have recently adopted a new suitable sterile device that delivers talc under low and constant pressure, facilitating uniform coating of the whole pleural surface and avoiding inappropriate deposition of talc clumps...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Talc is an effective and widely used agent for chemical pleurodesis. However, limited availability and high cost hamper the routine use of talc in resource poor countries. In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of iodopovidone with that of cosmetic talc, for chemical pleurodesis. METHODS: Patients with recurrent pleural effusions and/or spontaneous pneumothorax were prospectively randomized to undergo pleurodesis with cosmetic talc (5g) or iodopovidone (20mL of a 10% solution) by tube thoracostomy...

The most used standard therapy for malignant pleural effusion(MPE)is tube thoracostomy drainage, except in cases where there are few pleural effusions or no symptoms. It has been reported that instilling an intrapleural agent is necessary for producing pleurodesis after tube thoracostomy drainage. To date, numerous chemical agents for the treatment of MPE have been studied. These include antibiotics, antineoplastic agents, biological response modifiers and others, that showed various degrees of chemical sclerosis...

The image-guided procedures discussed in this article are used to alleviate pain and suffering of patients with malignancies and/or multiple comorbidities. It is not possible to discuss the entire breadth of image-guided palliative procedures; only a few commonly requested procedures are reviewed: cholecystostomy, biliary decompression, enteral feeding and decompression tubes, chemical neurolysis (for pain control), cementoplasty, tunneled drainage catheters, transjugular intrahepatic portasystemic shunt pleurodesis, tube thoracostomy, thermal and chemical tumor ablation, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, and selective internal radiation therapy...

BACKGROUND: The practice of pleurodesis for the management and prevention of spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is uncertain. DESIGN: A retrospective multicentre analysis of patients admitted to 12 hospitals in Hong Kong with SP in 2004 and who subsequently underwent pleurodesis for the same episode. RESULTS: Pleurodesis was performed in 394 episodes. Initial medical chemical pleurodesis was performed for 258 (65.5%) patients ('initial medical group'), while 136 (34...

Chemical pleurodesis is an effective treatment for persistent air leakage and secondary pneumothorax. We report the case of a 57-year-old man who presented with pneumothorax and was treated by tube thoracostomy. Because of malpositioning of the chest tube, the minocycline that was administered for pleurodesis was injected into the lung parenchyma instead, which induced chemical pneumonitis. A review of literature indicated that this is the first report of minocycline-associated chemical pneumonitis and its successful treatment...

BACKGROUND: Chemical pleurodesis is widely recommended in the treatment of refractory pleural effusion or pulmonary air leak of different etiologies. Although several agents have been used, many questions have remained unanswered about their toxicity. Talc is the most commonly used agent for the treatment, with rare, serious complications reported. Oxytetracycline pleurodesis in clinical practice has been described in a few studies, but literature reveals no experimental studies using this agent...