Breast cancer

The purpose of this umbrella review was to evaluate the quality of evidence, validity and biases of the associations between red and processed meat consumption and multiple cancer outcomes according to existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The umbrella review identified 72 meta-analyses with 20 unique outcomes for red meat and 19 unique outcomes for processed meat. Red meat consumption was associated with increased risk of overall cancer mortality, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), bladder, breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, gastric, lung and nasopharyngeal cancer...

BACKGROUND: Two promising therapeutic strategies in oncology are chimeric antigen receptor-T cell (CAR-T) therapies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). To be effective and safe, these immunotherapies require surface antigens to be sufficiently expressed in tumors and less or not expressed in normal tissues. To identify new targets for ADCs and CAR-T specifically targeting breast cancer (BC) molecular and pathology-based subtypes, we propose a novel in silico strategy based on multiple publicly available datasets and provide a comprehensive explanation of the workflow for a further implementation...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has an unfavorable prognosis attribute to its low differentiation, rapid proliferation and high distant metastasis rate. PI3K/Akt/mTOR as an intracellular signaling pathway plays a key role in the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metabolism and regeneration. In this work, we designed and synthesized a series of anilide (dicarboxylic acid) shikonin esters targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and assessed their antitumor effects. Through three rounds of screening by computer-aided drug design method (CADD), we preliminarily obtained sixteen novel anilide (dicarboxylic acid) shikonin esters and identified them as excellent compounds...

INTRODUCTION: Implant-based breast reconstruction is a widely performed procedure. However, prostheses are susceptible to infection and there are currently no established guidelines on treatment. In the present case, a prosthesis was salvaged by changing from continuous irrigation and suction to continuous irrigation and intermittent suction. This case report has been reported in line with the SCARE criteria [1]. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 50-year-old female patient underwent implant-based breast reconstruction following surgery for breast cancer...

BACKGROUND: Accurate forecasts of cancer incidence, with appropriate estimates of uncertainty, are crucial for planners and policy makers to ensure resource availability and prioritize interventions. We used Bayesian age-period-cohort (APC) models to project the future incidence of cancer in Australia. METHODS: Bayesian APC models were fitted to counts of cancer diagnoses in Australia from 1982 to 2016 and projected to 2031 for seven key cancer types: breast, colorectal, liver, lung, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, melanoma and stomach...

Immigrants have lower and disproportionate use of preventive care. We use longitudinal panel data to examine how the 2014 full implementation of the ACA mandates affected change in preventive services (PS) use among immigrants that gained insurance. We used data on Foreign-Born (FB) and US-Born (USB) adults, ages 26-64 years, from the 2013/16 Medical Expenditures Panel Survey longitudinal files to examine within-person change in yearly utilization of age/sex specific United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended services...

Determination of the copper content in the saliva of breast cancer patients was carried out to assess the potential diagnostic and prognostic value. The malignant group included 75 breast cancer patients; the benign group included 87 patients with fibroadenomas; and the control group included 20 volunteers without breast pathology. All participants had 1 ml of saliva collected prior to treatment. The determination of copper in saliva was carried out by the stripping voltammetric method. Overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method with the presentation of survival curves and the calculation of the significance of differences by Log-rank...

This study applied a "shell bolus," an immobilizing thermoplastic shell locally thickened with extra layers over the radiation target, during postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT). We performed ion chamber and film measurements for a solid water phantom for thermoplastic sheets and a gel bolus for dosimetric characterization using a 6-MV X-ray flattening-filter-free (FFF) beam. The air gaps between the body surface for the gel and shell bolus were measured using computed tomography (CT) images in patients who underwent PMRT...

Globally, breast cancer is a serious concern that exhibits a persistent rise in its incidence and related mortality even after significant advancement in the field of cancer research. To find an alternative cure for the disease from natural resources we selected Bacopa monniera, a perennial ethnomedicinal plant popularly used for boosting memory and mental health. We isolated four different types of dammarane saponins, namely bacopasaponins C-F (1-4) from the plant and evaluated their toxic effects on two different types of human breast cancer cell lines-a hormone-responsive MCF7 and a triple-negative MDA-MB-231...

BACKGROUND: Although patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) have more comorbidities and higher mortality and morbidity risks than the general population, surgery during breast cancer treatment is crucial because of limitations in anticancer agents for patients with renal insufficiency. We aimed to compare the short-term postoperative outcomes between patients with and without RRT. METHODS: Patients who underwent surgery for stages 0-III breast cancer between July 2010 and March 2017 were retrospectively identified in a Japanese nationwide inpatient database and divided into those with RRT (RRT group, n = 1547) and those without RRT (control group, n = 364,047)...

BACKGROUND: To examine the accuracy of MRI and Doppler ultrasound (US) for detecting residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer and evaluate whether adjunctive Doppler US improves the MRI accuracy. METHODS: We reviewed 276 invasive breast cancer cases treated with NAC. Tumors were classified into four subtypes based on estrogen receptor and HER2 status. Response to NAC was evaluated using contrast-enhanced MRI and Doppler US. Residual Doppler flow was assumed to indicate a residual tumor...

PURPOSE: Propranolol regulates angiogenesis in pre-clinical models and reduces distant breast cancer (BC) metastases in observational studies. We assessed the feasibility of combining propranolol with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with BC. METHODS: Women with clinical stage II-III BC undergoing NAC [weekly paclitaxel × 12, followed by dose-dense adriamycin/cyclophosphamide (AC) × 4] started propranolol 20 mg PO BID with paclitaxel #1, and increased to 80 mg extended release (ER) PO daily, as tolerated...

INTRODUCTION: The non-invasive nature of the preoperative axillary ultrasound (AUS) fits the current trend of increasingly conservative axillary management. Recent publications suggest that early disease patients with clinically and radiologically negative axillae do not require sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This study aims to determine the true extent of axillary node disease in negative preoperative AUS patients. METHODS: A 10-year breast cancer registry was reviewed to identify women with pathologically confirmed T1-2 invasive breast cancer and a negative preoperative AUS...

PURPOSE: Treatment for estrogen receptor positive (ER+), human epidermal receptor 2 negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has improved with the approval of CDK 4/6 inhibitors. Clinical trials with the CDK4/6 inhibitor ribociclib, suggest that 35% to 57.5% of the patients require a dose reduction during ribociclib treatment. Data on the possible consequences of dose reduction concerning efficacy is needed. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study on patients with ER+ HER2- MBC from three Danish oncology departments...

Metal complexes based on ruthenium have established excellent activity with less toxicity and great selectivity for tumor cells. This study aims to assess the anticancer potential of ruthenium(II)/allopurinol complexes called [RuCl2 (allo)2 (PPh3 )2 ] (1) and [RuCl2 (allo)2 (dppb)] (2), where allo means allopurinol, PPh3 is triphenylphosphine and dppb, 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane. The complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, molar conductance measurements, as well as the X-ray crystallographic analysis of complex 2...

Rb1-inducible coiled-coil 1 (RB1CC1) has been demonstrated to function as an inhibitor of proline-rich/Ca-activated tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2) by binding to the kinase domain of PYK2, which promotes the proliferation, invasion, and migration of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. Additionally, in breast cancer, PYK2 positively regulates the expression of transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) which in turn can enhance PDL1 levels in breast and lung cancer cells. The current study was performed to decipher the impact of RB1CC1 in the progression of RCC via regulation of the PYK2/TAZ/PDL1 signaling axis...

Some secreted cysteine protease inhibitors of the cystatin family appear to affect intracellular proteolysis and growth of human cells, as a result of internalization. Here, we studied the effects of external addition of the most abundant human cystatin, cystatin C, on viability and proliferation of cancer cells in culture. A dose-dependent decrease of viable cells was seen for A375 melanoma, MCF-7 breast cancer and PC-3 prostate cancer cells cultured in 1-5 μM cystatin C after 24 h. Real-time assessment of growth rates in A375 cell cultures for 48 h by digital holographic microscopy showed an increased doubling time for cells cultured in the presence of 5 μM cystatin C (20...

Application of the anti-HER2 drug trastuzumab has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with the HER2-positive subtype of breast cancer. However, 50% of patients with HER2 amplification relapse due to trastuzumab resistance. Accumulating evidence indicates that breast cancer is driven by a small subset of cancer-initiating cells or breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which have the capacity to self-renew and differentiate to regenerate the tumor cell hierarchy. Increasing data suggest that BCSCs are resistant to conventional therapy, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy, which drives distant metastasis and breast cancer relapse...

The involvement of cancer patients in symptom reporting talks into our cultural narrative of empowerment and participation in decisions in health of both patients and professionals. Electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) is a tool applied for use in such interaction. Based on limited evidence and few empirical studies, health systems are rapidly implementing this instrument in managing patients in active treatment and in follow-up. In a cluster randomized trial of all Danish oncology departments treating breast cancer with adjuvant chemotherapy, we applied ePRO in 347 patients consecutively recruited...

Breast cancer is a commonly diagnosed female cancer in the world. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most dangerous and biologically aggressive subtype in breast cancer which has a high mortality, high rates of relapse and poor prognosis, representing approximately 15-20% of breast cancers. TNBC has unique and special biological molecular characteristics and higher immunogenicity than other breast cancer types. On the basis of molecular features, TNBC is divided into different subtypes and gets various treatments...