Breast cancer

The most frequent cancer in women to be diagnosed is breast cancer, and chemotherapy's ability to be effective is still significantly hampered by drug resistance. Tumor-derived exosomes play a significant role in drug resistance, immunological modulation, metastasis, and tumor proliferation. In this work, the differential miRNAs in the exosomes of drug-resistant and susceptible breast cancer cell lines were screened using miRNA-seq. It was demonstrated that drug-resistant human breast cancer cells and their exosomes expressed more miR-99b-3p than did susceptible cells and their exosomes...

PURPOSE: To assess safety and immune biomarkers after preoperative radiation therapy (RT) and anti-PD1 therapy in breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A phase I/IIb trial of pembrolizumab with RT was conducted in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer. All received pembrolizumab followed by a second cycle + RT (anti-PD1/RT) of 24 Gy/three daily fractions delivered to the breast tumor and then neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: As metastatic breast cancer (mBC) treatment evolves, there is a need to understand how clinical meaningfulness, or a meaningful change in a patient's daily life, and clinically meaningful outcomes inform patient-centered care. Partnering with key stakeholders ensures patient-centered research incorporates the knowledge and expertise of advisors with lived experience. We describe a multistakeholder engagement approach to examine how people living with mBC (PLWmBC), caregivers, and health care providers interpret clinical meaningfulness and clinically meaningful outcomes and their influence on mBC treatment decision making and care...

Immune evasion is not only critical for tumor initiation and progression, but also determines the efficacy of immunotherapies. Through iterative in vivo CRISPR screens with seven syngeneic tumor models, we identified core and context-dependent immune evasion pathways across cancer types. This valuable high-confidence dataset is available for the further understanding of tumor intrinsic immunomodulators, which may lead to the discovery of effective anticancer therapeutic targets. With a focus on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we found that Mga knock-out significantly enhances antitumor immunity and inhibits tumor growth...

PURPOSE: Women with breast cancer (BC) are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined adherence to CVD medications and their association with major CVD events over 14 years of follow-up in the Pathways Heart Study, a prospective study of 4,776 stage I-III BC patients diagnosed from 2005-2013. METHODS: Eligibility included being alive 6 months post-BC diagnosis, with dyslipidemia, hypertension, or diabetes at diagnosis along with ≥1 prior outpatient order or dispensing for a statin, anti-hypertensive, or diabetes medication, respectively, in the 30 months prior...

Tumor-derived small extracellular vesicle (sEV) microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. Conventional sEV miRNA detection methods necessitate the lysis of sEVs, rendering them laborious and time-consuming and potentially leading to damage or loss of miRNAs. Membrane fusion-based in situ detection of sEV miRNAs involves the preparation of probe-loaded vesicles ( e.g. , liposomes or cellular vesicles), which are typically sophisticated and require specialist equipment. Membrane perforation methods employ chemical treatments that can induce severe miRNA degradation or leaks...

OBJECTIVE: Psychological distress in cancer survivors may be partially attributable to fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). Simonelli et al. (2017) proposed a conceptual model of FCR, which suggests that cancer cues (e.g., physical symptoms) may prompt maladaptive emotional processing leading to heightened FCR, and thus increased psychological distress. This prospective study tested this model by examining the cascading pathways by which physical symptom burden, emotion dysregulation, and FCR were associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and anxiety among recently diagnosed cancer survivors...

UNLABELLED: Cancer poses significant challenges for patients and caregiving partners. Avoidant communication has been linked to poorer psychosocial adjustment to cancer. Two conceptual models have been proposed to account for this linkage: the social-cognitive processing and relationship intimacy models. OBJECTIVE: To examine the utility of these models in explaining patient and partner psychological and relationship adjustment on a day-to-day basis using ecological momentary assessment...

The dormancy of cancer stem cells is a major factor leading to drug resistance and a high rate of late recurrence and mortality in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that a stiffer matrix induces tumor cell dormancy and drug resistance, whereas a softened matrix promotes tumor cells to exhibit a stem cell state with high proliferation and migration. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the proteome and phosphoproteome in response to gradient changes in matrix stiffness, elucidating the mechanisms behind cell dormancy-induced drug resistance...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: A breast cancer (BC) diagnosis may negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, there are few comparisons of HRQoL at several time points for women with BC, and particular when subdivided into invasive and in situ tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate various aspects of HRQoL in women recently diagnosed with invasive BC or ductal carcinoma in situ (in situ) compared to age-matched BC free controls in a population-wide sample recruited through the Cancer Registry of Norway...

PURPOSE: To synthesise the effectiveness of exercise interventions on self-perceived body image, self-esteem and self-efficacy in women diagnosed with breast cancer who are undergoing or have completed primary adjuvant treatments. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted with meta-analysis and meta-regressions. Five electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2023, and hand searches were performed to explore the reference lists of similar systematic reviews...

Breast imaging has several modalities, each unique in terms of its imaging position, evaluation index, and imaging method. Breast diagnosis is made by combining a large number of past imaging features with the clinical course and histological findings. Artificial intelligence (AI), which extracts the features from image data and evaluates them based on comprehensive analysis, has been making rapid progress in this regard. Many previous studies have demonstrated the usefulness and development potential of AI, such as machine learning and deep learning, in breast imaging...

Matairesinol (MAT), a plant lignan renowned for its anticancer properties in hormone-sensitive cancers like breast and prostate cancers, presents a promising yet underexplored avenue in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (mPC). To elucidate its specific therapeutic targets and mechanisms, our study adopted an integrative approach, amalgamating network pharmacology (NP), bioinformatics, GeneMANIA-based functional association (GMFA), and experimental validation. By mining online databases, we identified 27 common targets of mPC and MAT, constructing a MAT-mPC protein-protein interaction network via STRING and pinpointing 11 hub targets such as EGFR, AKT1, ERBB2, MET, IGF1, CASP3, HSP90AA1, HIF1A, MMP2, HGF, and MMP9 with CytoHuba...

Menopause weakens the brain's structural integrity and increases its susceptibility to a range of degenerative and mental illnesses. 17β estradiol (17βE2) exhibits potent neuroprotective properties. Exogenous estrogen supplementation provides neuroprotection, but the findings presented by the Million Women Study (MWS) and the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), as well as the increased risk of endometrial cancer, breast cancer and venous thromboembolism associated with estrogen use, have cast doubt on its clinical use for neurological disorders...

BACKGROUND: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are the standard therapeutic approach for hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer. However, there are concerns about increased cardiovascular risk due to their antioestrogenic effects. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between duration of AI treatment and the severity of coronary artery calcification (CAC). METHODS: The study included outpatients who initiated adjuvant endocrine therapy with AIs for breast cancer from August 2010 to October 2022...

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PURPOSE: Acupuncture is a potentially beneficial addition to the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) strategy for improving the quality of surgical care for breast cancer. This study evaluated the advantages of acupuncture in postoperative recovery after breast cancer surgery. DESIGN: A prospective, blinded, randomized, case-control study. METHODS: In this single-center, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial, 144 breast cancer patients undergoing surgery were allocated to the following groups: (group A) conventional group (no acupuncture treatment); (group B) preoperative acupuncture (acupuncture treatment given 1 day before surgery); (group C) intraoperative acupuncture (acupuncture treatment given on the day of surgery); and (group D) a combination of preoperative and intraoperative acupuncture (n = 36/group)...

OBJECTIVE: As advances in breast cancer treatment have bolstered survival rates, post-treatment self-management has become crucial for survivors' well-being. METHODS: In the current qualitative research, conducted via content and form analysis of 12 in-depth interviews, the authors explored self-management strategies in the narratives of female breast cancer survivors who underwent mind-body therapy. RESULTS: Three coping models emerged: (1) an illness-focused story overshadowing the body, (2) a coexistence of illness and body stories, and (3) an embodied illness-story...