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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin Vlad, Ina Reichen, Stephan Neidhart, Marc Hilty, Dimitra Lekaditi, Christine Heuer, Amanda Eisele, Mario Ziegler, Markus Reindl, Andreas Lutterotti, Axel Regeniter, Ilijas Jelcic
BACKGROUND: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated autoimmune disease (MOGAD) is a rare monophasic or relapsing inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and can mimic multiple sclerosis (MS). The variable availability of live cell-based MOG-antibody assays and difficulties in interpreting low-positive antibody titers can complicate diagnosis. Literature on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles in MOGAD versus MS, one of the most common differential diagnoses, is scarce...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#42
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Honglu Song, Yucai Chuai, Mo Yang, Huanfen Zhou, Mingming Sun, Quangang Xu, Shihui Wei
PURPOSE: As glial autoantibody testing is not yet available in some areas of the world, an alternative approach is to use clinical indicators to predict which subtypes of middle-aged and elderly-onset optic neuritis (ON) have manifested. METHOD: This study was a single-center hospital-based retrospective cohort study. Middle-aged and elderly-onset ON patients (age > 45 years) who had experienced the first episode of ON were included in this cohort. Single- and multi-parametric diagnostic factors for middle-aged and elderly-onset myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin-associated ON (MOG-ON) and aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin-related ON (AQP4-ON) were calculated...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#43
REVIEW
Keiko Tanaka, Takeshi Kezuka, Hitoshi Ishikawa, Masami Tanaka, Kenji Sakimura, Manabu Abe, Meiko Kawamura
Although there is a substantial amount of data on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and pathogenesis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) autoantibody-associated disease (MOGAD), there is still uncertainty regarding the MOG protein function and the pathogenicity of anti-MOG autoantibodies in this disease. It is important to note that the disease characteristics, immunopathology, and treatment response of MOGAD patients differ from those of anti-aquaporin 4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) and multiple sclerosis (MS)...
August 29, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#44
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalia Shor, Cedric Lamirel, Sana Rebbah, Catherine Vignal, Vivien Vasseur, Julien Savatovsky, Marine Boudot de la Motte, Olivier Gout, Augustin Lecler, Rabih Hage, Romain Deschamps
OBJECTIVES: Optic nerve head edema (ONHE) detected by fundoscopy is observed in one-third of patients presenting optic neuritis (ON). While ONHE is an important semiological feature, the correlation between ONHE and optic nerve head MRI abnormalities (ONHMA), sometimes called "optic nerve head swelling," remains unknown. Our study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI sequence in detecting ONHE in patients with acute ON. METHODS: In the present single-center study, data were extracted from two prospective cohort studies that consecutively included adults with a first episode of acute ON treated between 2015 and 2020...
September 5, 2023: European Radiology
#45
REVIEW
Priyadarshi Prajjwal, Marsool M D M, Balaganesh Natarajan, Pugazhendi Inban, Srikanth Gadam, Dommaraju Sowndarya, Jobby John, Rahim Abbas, HariOm Vaja, Marsool A D M, Omniat Amir Hussin
Juvenile multiple sclerosis (JMS) is a rare but significant subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS) that affects a small percentage of patients under the age of 10 and 3-5% of all MS patients. Despite its rarity, JMS poses unique challenges in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and management, as it can significantly impact a child or adolescent's physical, cognitive, and emotional development. JMS presents with a varying spectrum of signs and symptoms such as coordination difficulties and permanent cognitive dysfunctions and may include atypical clinical features such as seizures, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and optic neuritis, making diagnostic evaluations challenging...
September 2023: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mihai Bostan, Chi Li, Yin Ci Sim, Inna Bujor, Damon Wong, Bingyao Tan, Munirah Binte Ismail, Gerhard Garhöfer, Cristina Tiu, Ruxandra Pirvulescu, Leopold Schmetterer, Alina Popa-Cherecheanu, Jacqueline Chua
Data on how retinal structural and vascular parameters jointly influence the diagnostic performance of detection of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients without optic neuritis (MSNON) are lacking. To investigate the diagnostic performance of structural and vascular changes to detect MSNON from controls, we performed a cross-sectional study of 76 eyes from 51 MS participants and 117 eyes from 71 healthy controls. Retinal macular ganglion cell complex (GCC), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses, and capillary densities from the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP) were obtained from the Cirrus AngioPlex...
September 1, 2023: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
#47
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zerrin Karaaslan, Büşra Şengül-Yediel, Hande Yüceer-Korkmaz, Elif Şanlı, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Erdinç Dursun, Özlem Timirci-Kahraman, Ahmet Tarık Baykal, Vuslat Yılmaz, Recai Türkoğlu, Murat Kürtüncü, Tuncay Gündüz, Yasemin Gürsoy-Özdemir, Erdem Tüzün, Cem İsmail Küçükali
INTRODUCTION: Antibodies to cell surface proteins of astrocytes have been described in chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorders (CIDD) of the central nervous system including multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Our aim was to identify novel anti-astrocyte autoantibodies in relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) patients presenting predominantly with spinal cord and optic nerve attacks (MS-SCON). METHODS: Sera of 29 MS-SCON patients and 36 healthy controls were screened with indirect immunofluorescence to identify IgG reacting with human astrocyte cultures...
August 13, 2023: Multiple Sclerosis and related Disorders
#48
Katarzyna Zimna, Monika Szturmowicz, Małgorzata Sobiecka, Katarzyna Błasińska, Małgorzata Bartosiewicz, Witold Z Tomkowski
Sarcoidosis is a systemic, granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, most often manifested by mediastinal and hilar lymph node enlargement and parenchymal nodules in the lungs. However, it may involve any other organ. Neuro-sarcoidosis, a condition that affects up to 20% of sarcoidosis patients, can be found in any part of the central or peripheral nervous system and has important ophthalmic and neuro-ophthalmic manifestations. We present two patients with sudden vision loss due to neurosarcoidosis. In both cases, biopsy of the mediastinal lymph node showed non-caseating granulomas consistent with sarcoidosis...
August 3, 2023: Diagnostics
#49
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvão Ribeiro Gomes, Laila Kulsvehagen, Patrick Lipps, Alessandro Cagol, Nuria Cerdá-Fuertes, Tradite Neziraj, Julia Flammer, Jasmine Lerner, Anne-Catherine Lecourt, Nina de Oliveira S Siebenborn, Rosa Cortese, Sabine Schaedelin, Vinicius Andreoli Schoeps, Aline de Moura Brasil Matos, Natalia Trombini Mendes, Clarissa Dos Reis Pereira, Mario Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro, Samira Luisa Dos Apóstolos-Pereira, Patrick Schindler, Claudia Chien, Carolin Schwake, Ruth Schneider, Thivya Pakeerathan, Orhan Aktas, Urs Fischer, Matthias Mehling, Tobias Derfuss, Ludwig Kappos, Ilya Ayzenberg, Marius Ringelstein, Friedemann Paul, Dagoberto Callegaro, Jens Kuhle, Athina Papadopoulou, Cristina Granziera, Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
IMPORTANCE: Differential diagnosis of patients with seronegative demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease is challenging. In this regard, evidence suggests that immunoglobulin (Ig) A plays a role in the pathogenesis of different autoimmune diseases. Yet little is known about the presence and clinical relevance of IgA antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in CNS demyelination. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the frequency of MOG-IgA and associated clinical features in patients with demyelinating CNS disease and healthy controls...
September 1, 2023: JAMA Neurology
#50
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mirco Schapher, Jacob Bruegel, Fabian Guener, Bastian Volbers, Philip Eichhorn, Abbas Agaimy, Magdalena Berger, Christian Mardin, Arnd Doerfler, Stefan W Hock
BACKGROUND: Abrupt visual impairment constitutes a medical urgency, necessitating an interdisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approach owing to the broad spectrum of potential etiologies, thereby engaging numerous medical specialties. CASE PRESENTATION: A 21-year-old Mixed White and Asian female patient, with medical history of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease necessitating previous sinus surgery, reported sudden monocular vision loss...
August 4, 2023: Journal of Medical Case Reports
#51
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheng Song, Yaosheng Luo, Weihong Huang, Yongbo Duan, Xuefeng Deng, Haixiong Chen, Genfeng Yu, Kai Huang, Sirong Xu, Xiaoxin Lin, Yi Wang, Jie Shen
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the extraocular muscle volume index at the orbital apex (AMI) and the signal intensity ratio (SIR) of the optic nerve in dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON). METHODS: Clinical data and magnetic resonance imaging were collected retrospectively from 63 Graves' ophthalmopathy patients, including 24 patients with DON and 39 without DON. The volume of these structures was obtained by reconstructing their orbital fat and extraocular muscles...
July 5, 2023: European Radiology
#52
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Bsteh, Harald Hegen, Patrick Altmann, Michael Auer, Klaus Berek, Franziska Di Pauli, Barbara Kornek, Nik Krajnc, Fritz Leutmezer, Stefan Macher, Paulus Stefan Rommer, Karin Zebenholzer, Gudrun Zulehner, Tobias Zrzavy, Florian Deisenhammer, Berthold Pemp, Thomas Berger
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The optic nerve has been recommended as an additional region for demonstrating dissemination in space (DIS) in diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether adding the optic nerve region as determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT) as part of the DIS criteria improves the 2017 diagnostic criteria. METHODS: From a prospective observational study, we included patients with a first demyelinating event who had complete information to assess DIS and a spectral domain OCT scan obtained within 180 days...
August 22, 2023: Neurology
#53
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Larisa Cujba, Cristina Stan, Ovidiu Samoila, Tudor Drugan, Ancuta Benedec Cutas, Cristina Nicula
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease affecting the optic nerve, directly or indirectly, through transsynaptic axonal degeneration along the visual pathway. New ophthalmological tools, arguably the most important being optical coherence tomography (OCT), could prove paramount in redefining MS diagnoses and shaping their follow-up protocols, even when the optic nerve is not involved. METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted...
June 15, 2023: Diagnostics
#54
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Terrim, Guilherme Diogo Silva, Fernando Cavalcanti de Sá E Benevides Falcao, Clarissa Dos Reis Pereira, Thais de Souza Andrade Benassi, Ida Fortini, Marcia Rubia Rodrigues Gonçalves, Luiz Henrique Martins Castro, Luiz Roberto Comerlatti, Carolina de Medeiros Rimkus, Tarso Adoni, Samira Luisa Apostolos Pereira, Mário Luiz Monteiro, Dagoberto Callegaro
Optic neuritis (ON) admits diverse differential diagnoses. Petzold proposed diagnostic criteria for ON in 2022, although real-world application of these criteria is missing. We conducted a retrospective review of patients with ON. We classified patients into definite or possible ON, and into groups A (typical neuritis), B (painless), or C (binocular) and estimated the frequency of etiologies for each group. We included 77 patients, with 62% definite and 38% possible ON. CRION and NMOSD-AQP4 negative-ON were less commonly seen in definite ON...
August 15, 2023: Journal of Neuroimmunology
#55
Turki F Bugshan, Muhannad Asiri, Mohammed Alqahtani, Rayan Maghrabi, Hessah S Alotaibi, Naif Alharbi
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating central nervous system disease commonly presenting with optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. Its pathology is mediated by serum aquaporin 4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies. It can present in a relapsing and monophasic pattern and is diagnosed using the diagnostic criteria published in 2015 by the international panel on neuromyelitis optica (NMO) diagnosis. We describe the case of a 25-year-old man who had a history of painful eye movement and complete loss of vision affecting his left eye for which he was diagnosed with optic neuritis two months prior to presentation...
May 2023: Curēus
#56
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theeraphol Panyaping, Padcha Tunlayadechanont, Panitha Jindahra, Piyaphon Cheecharoen
PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence of the brain has the potential for detecting optic nerve abnormality. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of whole-brain contrast-enhanced three-dimensional FLAIR with fat suppression (CE 3D FLAIR FS) sequence in detecting acute optic neuritis to dedicated orbit MRI and clinical diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients with acute optic neuritis who underwent whole-brain CE-3D-FLAIR FS and dedicated orbit MRI were retrospectively included...
May 19, 2023: Neuroradiology Journal
#57
Aiswarya Raj, Ashraf V Valappil, Paul J Alapatt, Jubin Kamar
Isolated area postrema syndrome (APS) is a rare neurological presentation of, neuromyelitis optica spectrums disorder (NMOSD), recognizable by uncontrollable hiccups, nausea, or vomiting. When it occurs as the first presentation of NMOSD, it may present as a diagnostic challenge as the condition may be frequently attributed to gastrointestinal pathology, and the subsequent diagnostic delay may result in debilitating neurological sequelae such as optic neuritis or myelitis. We report such a case of isolated APS in a young woman who presented with a clinical picture of bouts of vomiting and intractable hiccups causing considerable distress and was finally diagnosed to be a case of seronegative NMOSD...
2023: Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice
#58
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laise Carolina França, Fabrícia Lima Fontes-Dantas, Diogo Gomes Garcia, Amanda Dutra de Araújo, João Paulo da Costa Gonçalves, Cláudia Cecília da Silva Rêgo, Elielson Veloso da Silva, Osvaldo José Moreira do Nascimento, Fernanda Cristina Rueda Lopes, Alice Laschuk Herlinger, Renato Santana de Aguiar, Orlando da Costa Ferreira Junior, Fernando Faria Andrade Figueira, Jorge Paes Barreto Marcondes de Souza, Joelma Freire De Mesquita, Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon
BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates a strong link between Zika virus (ZikV) and neurological complications. Acute myelitis, optic neuritis, polyneuropathy, and encephalomyelitis that mimic inflammatory idiopathic demyelination disorders (IIDD) after ZikV infection have been reported in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to investigate the possible occurrence of molecular mimicry between ZikV antigens and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) autoantigens, the most frequent IIDD of the central nervous system (CNS)...
April 2023: Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria
#59
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco A Lana-Peixoto, Natália C Talim, Dagoberto Callegaro, Vanessa Daccath Marques, Alfredo Damasceno, Jefferson Becker, Marcus Vinicius Magno Gonçalves, Henry Sato
BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) most commonly cause severe disability which is related to disease attacks. However, some patients retain good neurological function for a long time after disease onset. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency, demographic and the clinical features of good outcome NMOSD, and analyze their predictive factors. METHODS: We selected patients who met the 2015 International Panel for NMOSD diagnostic criteria from seven MS Centers...
July 2023: Multiple Sclerosis and related Disorders
#60
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C B Sun, B Jiang, G H Liu, Q Xiao
Objective: To investigate the clinical and imaging features of optic nerve tumors that require differential diagnosis from optic neuritis. Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted. Clinical data of patients diagnosed with optic nerve tumors from January 2017 to December 2021 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine were collected. A total of 29 patients (39 eyes) with clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings similar to optic neuritis or optic neuropathy were included...
May 11, 2023: [Zhonghua Yan Ke za Zhi] Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
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