Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine

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INTRODUCTION: The burgeoning burden on emergency departments is a global challenge that we have been confronting for many years. Emerging artificial intelligence (AI)-based solutions may constitute a critical component in the optimization of these units. This systematic review was conducted to thoroughly examine and summarize the currently available AI solutions, assess potential benefits from their implementation, and identify anticipated directions of further development in this fascinating and rapidly evolving field...

Aortitis is the inflammation of the aortic wall. It can be caused by both infectious and non-infectious etiologies. Mycotic aneurysm is a rare, serious medical condition and typically requires prompt treatment with antibiotics, surgical intervention, or endovascular procedures to prevent rupture and complications. Here we reported, a 66-year-old male patient with a medical history of diabetes and hypertension, who presented to the emergency department (ED) with left-sided hemiplegia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed infarction in the right parietooccipital and left occipital lobes, demonstrating an embolic pattern...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Traumataic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant global health burden. This systematic review delves into the comparison of S100B and Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) regarding their diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in TBI within the adult population. METHODS: Conducted on October 21, 2023, the search identified 24 studies encompassing 6454 adult patients. QUADAS-2 and QUAPAS tools were employed to assess the risk of bias. The analyses aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic performance of S100B and NSE based on sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC)...

INTRODUCTION: The quality of healthcare for pediatric asthma patients in the emergency department (ED) is of growing importance. This systematic review aimed to identify and describe existing quality indicators (QIs) designed for use in the ED for pediatric asthma care. METHODS: We systematically searched three main electronic databases in May 2023 for all English-language qualitative and quantitative publications that suggested or described at least one QI related to pediatric asthma care in the ED...

Penetrating cardiac trauma is a fatal condition and can result in the injury of various parts of the heart. Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) following these traumas occurs only in 1-5% of cases. The patients' conditions depend on location, size, and concomitant injuries. One of the uncommon coincidences with the VSD is Mitral Regurgitation (MR) due to injury to sub-valvular structures. In this study, we report a case of concomitant traumatic-induced VSD and MR in a 14-year-old boy following a stab wound to his chest...

INTRODUCTION: One of the main causes of acquired blindness and impairment in children is ocular trauma. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients hospitalized with open globe injuries (OGI). METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on children diagnosed with OGI at a referral Hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, from 2014 to 2018. RESULTS: 375 OGI medical records were detected during the study period...

INTRODUCTION: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are one of the major health problems in developed and developing countries. In Iran, RTIs are the first leading cause of years of life lost (YLL). So, the present study investigated the 11-year trend of RTI- related mortalities in Iran. METHODS: This study was a population-based cross-sectional study. All-cause deaths as well as RTI-related mortalities' data were collected from the Civil Registration Organization (CRO) and Legal medical organization (LMO) of Isfahan during 2011-2021...

INTRODUCTION: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) remains a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality for hospitalized patients worldwide. This study aimed to identify associated factors of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival with favorable neurological outcomes of IHCA patients. METHOD: A two-year retrospective cohort study was conducted at a university-based tertiary care hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, studying adult patients aged ≥ 18 years with IHCA from January 2021 to December 2022...

INTRODUCTION: Hyperammonemia and hepatotoxicity are well-known complications of valproic acid (VPA) poisoning. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential role of carnitine in mitigating the adverse effects of acute VPA toxicity in mice. METHODS: 54 male mice (25-30 g) were randomly assigned to one of three categories, including acute, sub-acute, and chronic poisoning. Each category contained 3 groups, each consisting of 6 mice (Group 1: control, Group 2: VPA treated, and Group 3: VPA + carnitine treated)...

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported numerous clinico-pathologic risk factors associated with increased risk of leaked repair following omental patch for perforated peptic ulcer disease (PPUD). This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with leaked repair of omental patch and document the management and outcome of established cases of leaked repair in a resource-poor setting. METHODS: This is a multicenter cross-sectional study of leaked repair after omental patch of PPUD between January 2016 to December 2022...

INTRODUCTION: Ignoring outliers in data may lead to misleading results. Length of stay (LOS) is often considered a count variable with a high frequency of outliers. This study exemplifies the potential of robust methodologies in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of analyses conducted on skewed and outlier-prone count data of LOS. METHODS: The application of Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) and robust Zero-Inflated Poisson (RZIP) models in solving challenges posed by outlier LOS data were evaluated...

INTRODUCTION: In light of the potential of enhanced functional and neurological recovery in traumatic brain injury (TBI) with the administration of rapamycin, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of rapamycin treatment in animal models of TBI. METHODS: An extensive search was conducted in the electronic databases of Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science by July 1st , 2023. Two independent researchers performed the screening process by reviewing the titles and abstracts and the full texts of the relevant articles, including those meeting the inclusion criteria...

INTRODUCTION: MONTH Difficult Laryngoscopy Score was developed for effectively identifying difficult intubations in the emergency department (ED). This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of MONTH Score in predicting difficult intubations in ED. METHODS: We prospectively collected data on all patients undergoing intubation in the ED of Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The screening performance characteristics of the MONTH score in identifying the difficult intubation in ED were analyzed...

The optimal therapy for deep wounds is based on the early debridement of necrotic tissue followed by wound coverage to avoid a systemic inflammatory response and optimize scar-free healing. The outcomes are affected by available resources and underlying patient factors, which cause challenges in wound care and suboptimal outcomes. Here we report a patient with deep dermal injury wounds, who was treated with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) gel, plasma rich in growth factor (PRGF) gel, and acellular fish skin. Patient's outcomes regarding healing and scar quality were collected objectively and subjectively for one year after the injury...

INTRODUCTION: Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is recognized as an efficient treatment for patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) in emergency department (ED). This study aimed to develop a scoring system for predicting successful weaning from NIPPV in patients with ARF. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study patients with ARF who received NIPPV in the ED of Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand, between January 2020 and March 2022 were evaluated...

INTRODUCTION: The specific impact on calcium dynamics after non-massive blood transfusions remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to compare pre- and post-transfusion calcium levels in patients receiving blood and blood product in the emergency department. METHODS: This is a single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study conducted at the Emergency Department of Gazi University Health Research and Application Center Hospital in Ankara, Turkey, from January 1, 2020, to August 31, 2020...

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of falls, fear of falling (FOF), complications arising from falls, and identify possible sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with these outcomes among older adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was based on the first wave of the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA), which includes participants over 50 years of age residing in Ardakan, Iran. Fall history, number of fall events, FOF, hospitalizations, and fractures in the past 12 months were assessed through a face-to-face interview...

INTRODUCTION: Within the field of data sharing, discussions surrounding privacy concerns and big data management are extensive. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive framework for health data sharing with the objective of creating value. METHODS: This study is a qualitative content analysis, which was conducted using a combination of written sources through a systematic review method, in conjunction with content derived from interviews with experts in information technology and healthcare within hospital and emergency settings...