Use the journals feature with a free QxMD account.
Use Read by QxMD to access full text via your institution or open access sources.
Read also provides personalized recommendations to keep you up to date in your field.
Existing User
Sign InNew to Read
Sign Up#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen K Wilke, Abdulrahman Al-Rubkhi, Chihiro Koyama, Takehiko Ishikawa, Hirohisa Oda, Brian Topper, Elizabeth M Tsekrekas, Doris Möncke, Oliver L G Alderman, Vrishank Menon, Jared Rafferty, Emma Clark, Alan L Kastengren, Chris J Benmore, Jan Ilavsky, Jörg Neuefeind, Shinji Kohara, Michael SanSoucie, Brandon Phillips, Richard Weber
The relationships between materials processing and structure can vary between terrestrial and reduced gravity environments. As one case study, we compare the nonequilibrium melt processing of a rare-earth titanate, nominally 83TiO2 -17Nd2 O3 , and the structure of its glassy and crystalline products. Density and thermal expansion for the liquid, supercooled liquid, and glass are measured over 300-1850 °C using the Electrostatic Levitation Furnace (ELF) in microgravity, and two replicate density measurements were reproducible to within 0...
March 6, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Lang, Stephan Binneboessel, Fabian Nienhaus, Raphael Romano Bruno, Georg Wolff, Kerstin Piayda, Susanne Pfeiler, Hakima Ezzahoini, Daniel Oehler, Malte Kelm, Holger Winkels, Norbert Gerdes, Christian Jung
Gravitational changes between micro- and hypergravity cause several adaptations and alterations in the human body. Besides muscular atrophy and immune system impairment, effects on the circulatory system have been described, which can be associated with a wide range of blood biomarker changes. This study examined nine individuals (seven males, two females) during a parabolic flight campaign (PFC). Thirty-one parabolas were performed in one flight day, resulting in ~22 s of microgravity during each parabola...
March 4, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sutton B Richmond, Rachael D Seidler, Jeffrey J Iliff, Daniel L Schwartz, Madison Luther, Lisa C Silbert, Scott J Wood, Jacob J Bloomberg, Edwin Mulder, Jessica K Lee, Alberto De Luca, Juan Piantino
During long-duration spaceflight, astronauts experience headward fluid shifts and expansion of the cerebral perivascular spaces (PVS). A major limitation to our understanding of the changes in brain structure and physiology induced by spaceflight stems from the logistical difficulties of studying astronauts. The current study aimed to determine whether PVS changes also occur on Earth with the spaceflight analog head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR). We examined how the number and morphology of magnetic resonance imaging-visible PVS (MV-PVS) are affected by HDBR with and without elevated carbon dioxide (CO2 )...
March 1, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#24
REVIEW
Grant Alexander Bateman, Alexander Robert Bateman
Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) alters the vision of astronauts during long-duration spaceflights. Previously, the current authors have discussed the similarities and differences between SANS and idiopathic intracranial hypertension to try to elucidate a possible pathophysiology. Recently, a theory has been advanced that SANS may occur secondary to failure of the glymphatic system caused by venous dilatation within the brain and optic nerves. There is recent evidence to suggest glymphatic obstruction occurs in childhood hydrocephalus, multiple sclerosis and syringomyelia due to venous outflow dilatation similar to that proposed in SANS...
February 28, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matteo Fois, Ana Diaz-Artiles, Syeda Yasmin Zaman, Luca Ridolfi, Stefania Scarsoglio
Head-down tilt (HDT) has been widely proposed as a terrestrial analog of microgravity and used also to investigate the occurrence of spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS), which is currently considered one of the major health risks for human spaceflight. We propose here an in vivo validated numerical framework to simulate the acute ocular-cerebrovascular response to 6° HDT, to explore the etiology and pathophysiology of SANS. The model links cerebral and ocular posture-induced hemodynamics, simulating the response of the main cerebrovascular mechanisms, as well as the relationship between intracranial and intraocular pressure to HDT...
February 27, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Piechowski, Lennard J Kalkoffen, Sibylle Benderoth, Oliver T Wolf, Jörn Rittweger, Daniel Aeschbach, Christian Mühl
Sleep deprivation and circadian rhythm disruptions are highly prevalent in shift workers, and also among astronauts. Resulting sleepiness can reduce cognitive performance, lead to catastrophic occupational events, and jeopardize space missions. We investigated whether 24 hours of total sleep deprivation would affect performance not only in the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), but also in a complex operational task, i.e. simulated manual spacecraft docking. Sixty-two healthy participants completed the manual docking simulation 6df and the PVT once after a night of total sleep deprivation and once after eight hours of scheduled sleep in a counterbalanced order...
February 21, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#27
REVIEW
Hyun Jung Kim, Matthew Julian, Calum Williams, David Bombara, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu, Kiumars Aryana, Godfrey Sauti, William Humphreys
Recent growth in space systems has seen increasing capabilities packed into smaller and lighter Earth observation and deep space mission spacecraft. Phase-change materials (PCMs) are nonvolatile, reconfigurable, fast-switching, and have recently shown a high degree of space radiation tolerance, thereby making them an attractive materials platform for spaceborne photonics applications. They promise robust, lightweight, and energy-efficient reconfigurable optical systems whose functions can be dynamically defined on-demand and on-orbit to deliver enhanced science or mission support in harsh environments on lean power budgets...
February 20, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Liu, Yang Gao, Long Zhang, Tianji Zou, Mengxi Yu, Tuo Zheng
The Fluid Physics Research Rack (FPR) is a research platform employed on-board the Chinese Space Station for conducting microgravity fluid physics experiments. The research platform includes the Microgravity Active Vibration Isolation System (MAVIS) for isolating the FPR from disturbances arising from the space station itself. The MAVIS is a structural platform consisting of a stator and floater that are monitored and controlled with non-contact electromagnetic actuators, high-precision accelerometers, and displacement transducers...
February 19, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhanping Ren, Eun Hyun Ahn, Minjae Do, Devin B Mair, Amir Monemianesfahani, Peter H U Lee, Deok-Ho Kim
While the effects of microgravity on inducing skeletal muscle atrophy have been extensively studied, the impacts of microgravity on myogenesis and its mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we developed a microphysiological system of engineered muscle tissue (EMT) fabricated using a collagen / Matrigel composite hydrogel and murine skeletal myoblasts. This 3D EMT model allows non-invasive quantitative assessment of contractile function. After applying a 7-day differentiation protocol to induce myotube formation, the EMTs clearly exhibited sarcomerogenesis, myofilament formation, and synchronous twitch and tetanic contractions with electrical stimuli...
February 16, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#30
Antoine Elias, Tobias Weber, David A Green, Katie M Harris, Jonathan M Laws, Danielle K Greaves, David S Kim, Lucia Mazzolai-Duchosal, Lara Roberts, Lonnie G Petersen, Ulrich Limper, Andrej Bergauer, Michael Elias, Andrew Winnard, Nandu Goswami
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 16, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trent Davis, Kevin Tabury, Shouan Zhu, Debora Angeloni, Sarah Baatout, Alexandra Benchoua, Juergen Bereiter-Hahn, Daniele Bottai, Judith-Irina Buchheim, Marco Calvaruso, Eugénie Carnero-Diaz, Sara Castiglioni, Duccio Cavalieri, Gabriele Ceccarelli, Alexander Choukér, Francesca Cialdai, Gianni Ciofani, Giuseppe Coppola, Gabriella Cusella, Andrea Degl'Innocenti, Jean-Francois Desaphy, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Michael Gelinsky, Giada Genchi, Maria Grano, Daniela Grimm, Alain Guignandon, Christiane Hahn, Jason Hatton, Raúl Herranz, Christine E Hellweg, Carlo Saverio Iorio, Thodoris Karapantsios, Jack J W A van Loon, Matteo Lulli, Jeanette Maier, Jos Malda, Emina Mamaca, Lucia Morbidelli, Angelique van Ombergen, Andreas Osterman, Aleksandr Ovsianikov, Francesco Pampaloni, Elizabeth Pavezlorie, Veronica Pereda-Campos, Cyrille Przybyla, Christopher Puhl, Petra Rettberg, Angela Maria Rizzo, Kate Robson-Brown, Leonardo Rossi, Giorgio Russo, Alessandra Salvetti, Daniela Santucci, Matthias Sperl, Sara Tavella, Christiane Thielemann, Ronnie Willaert, Nathaniel Szewczyk, Monica Monici
Progress in mechanobiology allowed us to better understand the important role of mechanical forces in the regulation of biological processes. Space research in the field of life sciences clearly showed that gravity plays a crucial role in biological processes. The space environment offers the unique opportunity to carry out experiments without gravity, helping us not only to understand the effects of gravitational alterations on biological systems but also the mechanisms underlying mechanoperception and cell/tissue response to mechanical and gravitational stresses...
February 10, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pierre-Ewen Lecoq, Chloé Dupuis, Xavier Mousset, Xavier Benoit-Gonnin, Jean-Michel Peyrin, Jean-Luc Aider
The influence of variations of gravity, either hypergravity or microgravity, on the brain of astronauts is a major concern for long journeys in space, to the Moon or to Mars, or simply long-duration missions on the ISS (International Space Station). Monitoring brain activity, before and after ISS missions already demonstrated important and long term effects on the brains of astronauts. In this study, we focus on the influence of gravity variations at the cellular level on primary hippocampal neurons. A dedicated setup has been designed and built to perform live calcium imaging during parabolic flights...
February 6, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antoine Elias, Tobias Weber, David A Green, Katie M Harris, Jonathan M Laws, Danielle K Greaves, David S Kim, Lucia Mazzolai-Duchosal, Lara Roberts, Lonnie G Petersen, Ulrich Limper, Andrej Bergauer, Michael Elias, Andrew Winnard, Nandu Goswami
The validity of venous ultrasound (V-US) for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during spaceflight is unknown and difficult to establish in diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic management studies in this context. We performed a systematic review of the use of V-US in the upper-body venous system in spaceflight to identify microgravity-related changes and the effect of venous interventions to reverse them, and to assess appropriateness of spaceflight V-US with terrestrial standards. An appropriateness tool was developed following expert panel discussions and review of terrestrial diagnostic studies, including criteria relevant to crew experience, in-flight equipment, assessment sites, ultrasound modalities, and DVT diagnosis...
February 5, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiushi Zhang, Dongchuan Mo, Seunghyun Moon, Jiya Janowitz, Dan Ringle, David Mays, Andrew Diddle, Jason Rexroat, Eungkyu Lee, Tengfei Luo
Understanding the dynamics of surface bubble formation and growth on heated surfaces holds significant implications for diverse modern technologies. While such investigations are traditionally confined to terrestrial conditions, the expansion of space exploration and economy necessitates insights into thermal bubble phenomena in microgravity. In this work, we conduct experiments in the International Space Station to study surface bubble nucleation and growth in a microgravity environment and compare the results to those on Earth...
January 30, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aaron J Berliner, Spencer Zezulka, Gwyneth A Hutchinson, Sophia Bertoldo, Charles S Cockell, Adam P Arkin
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 29, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vishnu Saseendran, Namiko Yamamoto, Peter J Collins, Aleksandra Radlińska, Sara Mueller, Enrique M Jackson
Due to the prohibitive cost of transporting raw materials into Space, in-situ materials along with cement-like binders are poised to be employed for extraterrestrial construction. A unique methodology for obtaining microstructural topology of cement samples hydrated in microgravity environment at the International Space Station (ISS) is presented here. Distinctive Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs of hardened tri-calcium silicate (C3 S) samples were used as exemplars in a deep learning-based microstructure reconstruction framework...
January 25, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#37
REVIEW
Marta Gimunová, Ana Carolina Paludo, Martina Bernaciková, Julie Bienertova-Vasku
With increasing possibilities of multi-year missions in deep space, colonizing other planets, and space tourism, it is important to investigate the effects of space travel on human reproduction. This study aimed to systematically review and summarize the results of available literature on space travel, microgravity, and space radiation, or Earth-based spaceflight analogues impact on female and male reproductive functions in humans. This systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Space Biomedicine Systematic Review methods...
January 18, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuan Xie, Yingdi Fu, Yaqi Shao, Lina Qu, Jiangang Yang, Chengjia Yang, Kun Zhou, Kai Li, Zi Xu, Dong Xu, Kai Cao, Ning Tian, Ke Lv, Linjie Wang, Yaping Wang, Ningli Wang, Yinghui Li
The elevation in the optic nerve sheath (ONS) pressure (ONSP) due to microgravity-induced headward fluid shift is the primary hypothesized contributor to SANS. This longitudinal study aims to quantify the axial plane of the optic nerve subarachnoid space area (ONSSA), which is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and expands with elevated ONSP during and after head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest (BR). 36 healthy male volunteers (72 eyes) underwent a 90-day strict 6° HDT BR. Without obtaining the pre-HDT data, measurements were performed on days 30, 60, and 90 during HDT and at 6 recovery time points extended to 180-days (R + 180) in a supine position...
January 17, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jong-Hyuk Ahn, Sungyeon Park, Young Mi Hwang, Yun Suk Choi, Jin Wook Yi
Microgravity in space impacts human health. In particular, thyroid cancer, which has a high incidence rate, has been the subject of numerous studies with respect to microgravity. However, most studies have focused on Western follicular thyroid cancer cell lines, while data regarding the effects of microgravity on Asian cell lines are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of simulated ground-based microgravity on two Korean thyroid cancer cell lines, namely SNU-790 and SNU-80. We found that both cell lines formed multicellular spheroids under simulated microgravity...
January 15, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harrison T Caddy, Lachlan J Kelsey, Louis P Parker, Daniel J Green, Barry J Doyle
We investigated variations in haemodynamics in response to simulated microgravity across a semi-subject-specific three-dimensional (3D) continuous arterial network connecting the heart to the eye using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Using this model we simulated pulsatile blood flow in an upright Earth gravity case and a simulated microgravity case. Under simulated microgravity, regional time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) increased and oscillatory shear index (OSI) decreased in upper body arteries, whilst the opposite was observed in the lower body...
January 13, 2024: NPJ Microgravity
Make the most of Read.
Download the mobile app.
Download the mobile app.
Fetching more papers... 
