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LETTER
Marcus Clauss
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#2
REVIEW
Vasilis Dakos, Blake Matthews, Andrew P Hendry, Jonathan Levine, Nicolas Loeuille, Jon Norberg, Patrik Nosil, Marten Scheffer, Luc De Meester
There is growing concern over tipping points arising in ecosystems because of the crossing of environmental thresholds. Tipping points lead to abrupt and possibly irreversible shifts between alternative ecosystem states, potentially incurring high societal costs. Trait variation in populations is central to the biotic feedbacks that maintain alternative ecosystem states, as they govern the responses of populations to environmental change that could stabilize or destabilize ecosystem states. However, we know little about how evolutionary changes in trait distributions over time affect the occurrence of tipping points and even less about how big-scale ecological shifts reciprocally interact with trait dynamics...
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#3
Andrea J Jani
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#4
Adam J Bewick, Brigitte T Hofmeister, Rob A Powers, Stephen J Mondo, Igor V Grigoriev, Timothy Y James, Jason E Stajich, Robert J Schmitz
The generation of thousands of fungal genomes is leading to a better understanding of genes and genomic organization within the kingdom. However, the epigenome, which includes DNA and chromatin modifications, remains poorly investigated in fungi. Large comparative studies in animals and plants have deepened our understanding of epigenomic variation, particularly of the modified base 5-methylcytosine (5mC), but taxonomic sampling of disparate groups is needed to develop unifying explanations for 5mC variation...
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#5
REVIEW
Maureen A O'Malley, Michelle M Leger, Jeremy G Wideman, Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo
Insight into the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) is central to any phylogeny-based reconstruction of early eukaryotic evolution. Increasing amounts of data enable such reconstructions, without necessarily providing further insight into what LECA actually was. We consider four possible concepts of LECA: an abstract phylogenetic state, a single cell, a population, and a consortium of organisms. We argue that the view most realistically underlying work in the field is that of LECA as a population. Drawing on recent findings of genomically heterogeneous populations in eukaryotes ('pangenomes'), we examine the evolutionary implications of a pangenomic LECA population...
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#6
Roger A Close, Roger B J Benson, John Alroy, Anna K Behrensmeyer, Juan Benito, Matthew T Carrano, Terri J Cleary, Emma M Dunne, Philip D Mannion, Mark D Uhen, Richard J Butler
The fossil record provides one of the strongest tests of the hypothesis that diversity within local communities is constrained over geological timescales. Constraints to diversity are particularly controversial in modern terrestrial ecosystems, yet long-term patterns are poorly understood. Here we document patterns of local richness in Phanerozoic terrestrial tetrapods using a global data set comprising 145,332 taxon occurrences from 27,531 collections. We show that the local richness of non-flying terrestrial tetrapods has risen asymptotically since their initial colonization of land, increasing at most threefold over the last 300 million years...
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#7
Petr Keil, Jonathan M Chase
Controversy remains over what drives patterns in the variation of biodiversity across the planet. The resolution is obscured by lack of data and mismatches in their spatial grain (scale), and by grain-dependent effects of the drivers. Here we introduce cross-scale models integrating global data on tree-species richness from 1,336 local forest surveys and 282 regional checklists, enabling the estimation of drivers and patterns of biodiversity across spatial grains. We uncover grain-dependent effects of both environment and biogeographic regions on species richness, with a striking positive effect of Southeast Asia at coarse grain that disappears at fine grains...
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#8
Artem Kaznatcheev, Jeffrey Peacock, David Basanta, Andriy Marusyk, Jacob G Scott
Heterogeneity in strategies for survival and proliferation among the cells that constitute a tumour is a driving force behind the evolution of resistance to cancer therapy. The rules mapping the tumour's strategy distribution to the fitness of individual strategies can be represented as an evolutionary game. We develop a game assay to measure effective evolutionary games in co-cultures of non-small cell lung cancer cells that are sensitive and resistant to the anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor alectinib...
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#9
LETTER
Rubén Milla, Tianhua He, Jens Kattge, Koen Kramer, Cyrille Violle
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#10
Kateřina Staňková
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#11
Jordan G Kueneman, Molly C Bletz, Valerie J McKenzie, C Guilherme Becker, Maxwell B Joseph, Juan G Abarca, Holly Archer, Ana Lisette Arellano, Arnaud Bataille, Matthew Becker, Lisa K Belden, Angelica Crottini, Robert Geffers, Célio F B Haddad, Reid N Harris, Whitney M Holden, Myra Hughey, Michael Jarek, Patrick J Kearns, Jacob L Kerby, Jos Kielgast, Atsushi Kurabayashi, Ana V Longo, Andrew Loudon, Daniel Medina, José J Nuñez, R G Bina Perl, Adrián Pinto-Tomás, Falitiana C E Rabemananjara, Eria A Rebollar, Ariel Rodríguez, Louise Rollins-Smith, Robert Stevenson, Christoph C Tebbe, Gabriel Vargas Asensio, Bruce Waldman, Jenifer B Walke, Steven M Whitfield, Kelly R Zamudio, Ibrahim Zúñiga Chaves, Douglas C Woodhams, Miguel Vences
Animal-associated microbiomes are integral to host health, yet key biotic and abiotic factors that shape host-associated microbial communities at the global scale remain poorly understood. We investigated global patterns in amphibian skin bacterial communities, incorporating samples from 2,349 individuals representing 205 amphibian species across a broad biogeographic range. We analysed how biotic and abiotic factors correlate with skin microbial communities using multiple statistical approaches. Global amphibian skin bacterial richness was consistently correlated with temperature-associated factors...
February 18, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#12
Cody J Dey, Constance M O'Connor, Holly Wilkinson, Susanne Shultz, Sigal Balshine, John L Fitzpatrick
In the version of this Article originally published, references were missing from the column "Source(s) for mating and parental care system data" in Supplementary Table 1. The following references have now been added to the relevant species: Brichard 1989 has been added to Chalinochromis popelini, Chalinochromis brichardi and Julidochromis dickfeldi; Clabaut et al. 2007 to Altolamprologus calvus and Julidochromis regani; Konings 1998 to Neolamprologus hecqui; and Kuwamura 1997 to Chalinochromis popelini...
February 13, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#13
Philipp Brun, Karen Stamieszkin, Andre W Visser, Priscilla Licandro, Mark R Payne, Thomas Kiørboe
Marine plankton have been conspicuously affected by recent climate change, responding with profound spatial relocations and shifts in the timing of their seasonal occurrence. These changes directly affect the global carbon cycle by altering the transport of organic material from the surface ocean to depth, with consequences that remain poorly understood. We investigated how distributional and abundance changes of copepods, the dominant group of zooplankton, have affected biogenic carbon cycling. We used trait-based, mechanistic models to estimate the magnitude of carbon transported downward through sinking faecal pellets, daily vertical migration and seasonal hibernation at depth...
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#14
Talie Musavi, Mirco Migliavacca, Markus Reichstein, Jens Kattge, Christian Wirth, T Andrew Black, Ivan Janssens, Alexander Knohl, Denis Loustau, Olivier Roupsard, Andrej Varlagin, Serge Rambal, Alessandro Cescatti, Damiano Gianelle, Hiroaki Kondo, Rijan Tamrakar, Miguel D Mahecha
In the version of this Article originally published, the wrong Supplementary Information pdf was uploaded, in which the figures did not correspond with those mentioned in the main text and the R code was not presented properly. This has now been replaced.
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#15
Trevor F Keenan, Mirco Migliavacca, Dario Papale, Dennis Baldocchi, Markus Reichstein, Margaret Torn, Thomas Wutzler
The global land surface absorbs about a third of anthropogenic emissions each year, due to the difference between two key processes: ecosystem photosynthesis and respiration. Despite the importance of these two processes, it is not possible to measure either at the ecosystem scale during the daytime. Eddy-covariance measurements are widely used as the closest 'quasi-direct' ecosystem-scale observation from which to estimate ecosystem photosynthesis and respiration. Recent research, however, suggests that current estimates may be biased by up to 25%, due to a previously unaccounted for process: the inhibition of leaf respiration in the light...
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#16
REVIEW
Timothy J Bartley, Kevin S McCann, Carling Bieg, Kevin Cazelles, Monica Granados, Matthew M Guzzo, Andrew S MacDougall, Tyler D Tunney, Bailey C McMeans
Climate change is asymmetrically altering environmental conditions in space, from local to global scales, creating novel heterogeneity. Here, we argue that this novel heterogeneity will drive mobile generalist consumer species to rapidly respond through their behaviour in ways that broadly and predictably reorganize - or rewire - food webs. We use existing theory and data from diverse ecosystems to show that the rapid behavioural responses of generalists to climate change rewire food webs in two distinct and critical ways...
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#17
Nicholas G Davies, Stefan Flasche, Mark Jit, Katherine E Atkins
The spread of antibiotic resistance, a major threat to human health, is poorly understood. Simple population-level models of bacterial transmission predict that above a certain rate of antibiotic consumption in a population, resistant bacteria should completely eliminate non-resistant strains, while below this threshold they should be unable to persist at all. This prediction stands at odds with empirical evidence showing that resistant and non-resistant strains coexist stably over a wide range of antibiotic consumption rates...
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#18
Frances S Dunn, Alexander G Liu
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#19
LETTER
Ayesha I T Tulloch, Nancy Auerbach, Stephanie Avery-Gomm, Chris R Dickman, Diana O Fisher, Hedley Grantham, Matthew H Holden, Tyrone H Lavery, Nicholas P Leseberg, James O'Connor, Leslie Roberson, Anita K Smyth, Zoe Stone, Vivitskaia Tulloch, Eren Turak, James E M Watson, Glenda M Wardle
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
#20
LETTER
Jeroen Minderman, Jeremy J Cusack, A Bradley Duthie, Isabel L Jones, Rocío A Pozo, O Sarobidy Rakotonarivo, Nils Bunnefeld
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 11, 2019: Nature Ecology & Evolution
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