World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

BACKGROUND: Thyroid carcinoma (TC) accounts for almost 0.5%-1% of total malignancies. Its incidence is increasing rapidly worldwide. Several studies have drawn up the epidemiological profile of TC and its clinical and pathological features. However, to date, no similar studies have been conducted in Tunisia. AIMS: To establish an epidemiological profile of TC in a Tunisian health care institute and to analyze its clinical and histopathological characteristics in our institute...

OBJECTIVES: Thyroidectomy is among the most commonly performed head and neck surgeries, however, limited existing information is available on topics of interest and concern to patients. STUDY DESIGN: Observational. SETTING: Online. METHODS: A search engine optimization tool was utilized to extract metadata on Google-suggested questions that "People Also Ask" (PAA) pertaining to "thyroidectomy" and "thyroid surgery." These questions were categorized by Rothwell criteria and topics of interest...

Trigeminal-specific stimulants have been shown to activate different receptors preferentially and this likely accounts for variation in sensory perception. It is unclear whether trigeminal sensitivity is similar across different transient receptor potential (TRP) receptors or if dysfunction of different receptors results in differing patient symptoms. Therefore, a prospective cohort study was conducted, consisting of trigeminal lateralization testing with three different stimulants (eucalyptol, isothiocyanate, acetic acid), olfaction testing with Sniffin' Sticks, and measurement of various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)...

Necrotizing otitis externa (NOE) is an aggressive and fast-evolving infection of the external auditory canal. Late diagnoses and untreated cases can lead to severe, even fatal consequences and so early diagnosis and treatment are paramount. NOE is a notoriously challenging diagnosis to make. It is therefore important to understand what diagnostic modalities are available and how otolaryngologists can use them to accurately treat such an aggressive disease. This review aims to evaluate the different diagnostic options available in NOE and discuss their advantages and limitations, thus, providing an up-to-date picture of the multimodal approach required in the diagnosis of this disease...

OBJECTIVES: Increasing numbers of women enter medical school annually. The number of female physicians in leadership positions has been much slower to equalize. There are also well-documented differences in the treatment of women as compared to men in professional settings. Female presenters are less likely to be introduced by their professional title ("Doctor") for grand rounds and conferences, especially with a man performing the introduction. This study reviewed the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (CSOHNS) meetings from 2017 to 2020 to determine the proportion of presenters introduced by their professional title and whether this varied by gender...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVES: Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa plays a contributory role. The purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal specimens, comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRS patients without polyps (CRSsNP). METHODS: Tissue samples were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the time of endoscopic sinus surgery...

OBJECTIVE: To assess and characterize online ratings and comments on laryngologists and determine factors that correlate with higher ratings. METHODS: All the American Laryngological Association (ALA) members were queried across several online platforms. Ratings were normalized for comparison on a five-point Likert scale. Ratings were categorized based on context and for positive/negative aspects. RESULTS: Of the 331 ALA members, 256 (77%) were rated on at least one online platform...

OBJECTIVE: Female representation in the field of otolaryngology is lacking. Residency is the first point at which medical school graduates specialize in a chosen field and thus represents an opportunity to recruit and train more female otolaryngologists. This study sought to identify program factors associated with greater female representation among resident physicians. METHODS: Departmental websites of all 124 otolaryngology residency programs in the United States and Puerto Rico were examined for a list of residents...

INTRODUCTION: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed in otolaryngology. There are various methods to perform tonsillectomies (cold and hot). Thermal damage and inflammation of the surrounding tissue using monopolar cautery is said to point to increased pain whereas immediate cooling of the burnt area is thought to reduce pain owing to heat dissipation. Our objective was to determine the difference in mean post-tonsillectomy pain scores among patients irrigated with cold water (4°C) and in patients not irrigated with cold water...

BACKGROUND: Sinusitis is a common diagnosis that can be erroneously associated with routine weather-related barometric pressure changes. In actuality, these pressure changes likely exacerbate migraine headaches, which can cause facial pain and pressure rather than true sinus inflammation. OBJECTIVE: The present study sought to characterize the representation of both sinusitis and migraine in association with barometric pressure changes across websites on the Internet...

OBJECTIVES: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is the most common complication to follow total laryngectomy (TL) and is associated with increases in length of hospital stay and with a need for revision surgery or readmission, as well as with delays in return to oral diet. Patients who require salvage TL (STL) or primary (chemo)radiation therapy are at higher risk for developing PCF. Due to the quality-of-life burden of PCF on patients, limiting this occurrence is crucial. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing STL with placement of Montgomery salivary bypass tube (MSBT)™ for at least 2 weeks duration between 2013 and 2017 at a single institution...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to identify existing literature on recurrent atypical mycobacterial cervicofacial lymphadenitis to augment our understanding of a unique patient who presented to our tertiary-care center 5-years posttreatment with recurrence following curettage. DATA SOURCES: OVID Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science. METHODS: A literature search was conducted yielding 49 original articles which were screened twice by two independent reviewers resulting in 14 studies meeting inclusion criteria for data extraction using Covidence software...

BACKGROUND: Even though the use of nerve monitoring during parotid gland surgery is not the gold standard to prevent damage to the nerve, it surely offers some advantages over the traditional approach. Different from thyroid surgery, where a series of steps in intraoperative nerve monitoring have been described to confirm not only the integrity but-most importantly-the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, in parotid gland surgery, a formal guideline to follow while dissecting the facial nerve has yet to be described...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the oxidative stress status and its association with tissue neutrophilia and oral steroid response in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients. METHODS: The levels of total oxidant status (TOS) were detected in the sinonasal tissues by using specific assay kits. Tissue neutrophil was examined by immunohistochemical staining, and oxidant status index (OSI) was evaluated in polyps tissues, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1), and microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1) were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in the sinonasal tissues...

OBJECTIVE: Patients with head and neck cancer often undergo extensive ablative and reconstructive surgery. Many risk factors are unalterable, but some operative variables are possible to adjust. The goal of this study was to estimate the association between operative variables and the incidence of perioperative complications in a contemporary tertiary care university-based head and neck patient population and a Veteran Administration hospital head and neck patient population from an earlier time period...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an endoscopic approach in the management of glomus tumor, and also to investigate and evaluate its appropriateness and feasibility. METHODS: Glomus tumors, also known as paragangliomas, are benign primary tumors of the middle ear. The advent of endoscopic ear surgery has provided new dimensions to the management of this highly vascular tumor. Retrospective analysis of six patients of glomus tympanicum, operated between July 2014 and June 2019, with modified Fisch classification Type A and B1, who were managed by a retroauricular transcanal endoscopic approach...

OBJECTIVE: Assessing the main allergens in the pediatric population from the largest urban area in the country. METHODS: Clinical letters of patients referred with possible allergic rhinitis (AR) were retrospectively reviewed over the past 5 years. RESULTS: Five hundred and fifty-five patients were included. Males suffer twice as often with AR than females and have high titers of allergens. House dust mites (44.7%) and grass pollen (29%) were the main allergens in our area, with 48% of patients sensitized to both allergens...

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) on the auricle is believed to carry a higher risk of metastatic spread. The rates of lymphatic metastasis reported in the literature have varied widely. There are no established prognostic criteria to determine which of these tumors are higher risk and warrant prophylactic treatment of the associated lymphatic basins. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate outcomes after surgical treatment of auricular CSCC in our department, examining excision completeness, tumor recurrence, and lymphatic metastasis...