Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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OBJECTIVES: To compare the performance of ultrasonography with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for detecting submandibular sialoliths. METHODS: Thirteen patients with suspected submandibular sialoliths who underwent ultrasonography and CT or MRI were included. Sialoliths were diagnosed using CT (11 cases) or MRI (two cases). The submandibular duct was classified into distal and proximal ducts based on the point around the mylohyoid muscle...

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: The routine mid-trimester fetal anatomy ultrasound (FAS) is offered to every pregnant woman and remains critical in the detection of structural fetal anomalies. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of abnormalities on routine FAS performed by a single operator, who is an experienced sub-specialist in maternal-fetal medicine. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all routine FAS performed a tertiary private obstetric ultrasound practice in metropolitan Sydney over a 7-year period, August 2015-July 2022...

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: Ultrasound picture archiving and communication system (PACS) databases are useful for quality improvement and clinical research but frequently contain free text that is not easily readable. Here, we present a method to extract and clean a semi-structured echocardiography (cardiac ultrasound) PACS database. METHODS: Echocardiography studies between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2018 were extracted using a data mining tool. Numeric variables were recoded with extreme values excluded...

Pregnancies with a complete hydatidiform mole and co-existing fetus (CMCF) are rare, but increasingly common due to the rising prevalence of assisted reproductive technology. They are frequently associated with adverse obstetric outcomes, providing women with the challenge of pregnancy termination or continuing the pregnancy at the risk of maternal-fetal morbidity and fetal mortality. This report demonstrates two cases of CMCF pregnancy with excellent maternal-fetal outcomes, including spontaneous resolution of the molar tissue antenatally...

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: Patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can develop both benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Characterising the nature of PVT is important for planning an optimal therapeutic strategy. In the absence of typical findings or contraindications to computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could help in this differentiation. The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the performance of CEUS for characterising PVT in patients with HCC...

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: Ultrasound is the first-line imaging modality for suspected acute cholecystitis. This can be radiology-performed ultrasound or point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS). POCUS can potentially streamline patient assessment in the emergency department (ED). The primary objective was to evaluate the literature for the diagnostic accuracy of POCUS performed for acute cholecystitis in the ED. Secondary objectives were to assess the effect of POCUS operator training on diagnostic accuracy for acute cholecystitis, utility of POCUS measurement of the common bile duct and POCUS impact on resource utilisation...

INTRODUCTION: Clinical verification of rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) persists as a mid-to-late diagnosis with medical imaging or biopsy. Early and subclinical presentations of RV, in particular, can remain underdiagnosed in the absence of adequate diagnostic testing. In this study, the research demonstrated the precursory changes for RV in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using non-invasive ultrasound imaging of a peripheral vessel. METHOD: Six participants were recruited: three participants with (RA) and three age- and gender-matched healthy controls...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the current application of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the teaching of ultrasound skills as they pertain to gynaecological ultrasound. METHODS: A scoping review was performed. Eight databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore and ACM digital library) were searched in December 2022 using predefined keywords. All types of publications were eligible for inclusion so long as they reported the use of an AI tool, included reference to or discussion of teaching or the improvement of ultrasound skills and pertained to gynaecological ultrasound...

Pseudoaneurysms are frequent vascular anomalies. This review article aims to describe the unique specific aspect of pseudoaneurysm (PSA) that allows to make the diagnosis using different modalities: colour Doppler ultrasound, computed tomographic angiography, magnetic resonance angiography and conventional angiography. It is essential to know the various aetiologies of PSA: iatrogenic, traumatic, dissecting and anastomotic; different locations and the possible complications, information to help clinicians choose the best treatment...

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The recent proliferation of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in the clinical practice of many medical specialties has exposed persistent barriers to education, training and standardisation. Specialist training curriculums are already overwhelming, having grossly insufficient time available for the specialist trainees and for the small number of available trainers alike to incorporate POCUS into postgraduate education. The logical solution to overcome these barriers could be to incorporate basic POCUS education and training into the undergraduate university curriculums, introducing longitudinal integration with other relevant medical sciences...

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: To determine the location of the rectus femoris (RF) motor branch nerve, as well as its coordinates with reference to anatomical and ultrasound landmarks. METHODS: Thirty chronic stroke patients with stiff knee gait (SKG) and RF hyperactivity were included. The motor nerve branch to the RF muscle was identified medially to the vertical line from anterior superior iliac spine and the midpoint of the superior margin of the patella (line AP) and vertically to the horizontal line from the femoral pulse and its intersection point with the line AP (line F)...

OBJECTIVE: To analyse amniotic fluid volume (AFV), specifically oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios, and associated pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in twin gestations through systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We utilised systematic review methodology to identify items within published and grey literature resources. Prospective and retrospective studies with a control group were included. Inclusion criteria were as follows: studies in English, twin pregnancy in which AFVs and associated pregnancy and/or neonatal outcomes were evaluated...

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: Percutaneous core-needle biopsy of the testicle has been shown to be a safe and effective method of obtaining tissue for histological analysis and can be considered in specific clinical scenarios. While the use of spermatic cord block has been shown to be effective in pain relief in the emergent setting and as an anaesthetic option for inguinal surgery, its use in percutaneous core-needle biopsy has not been well described. Through this case series, we present our experience and technique of ultrasound-guided percutaneous core-needle biopsy using spermatic cord block in the setting of indeterminant testicular masses...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: To determine whether a 24 MHz transducer significantly improves sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in evaluating flexor tendon repair integrity compared with an 18 MHz transducer. METHODS: One hundred and twelve cadaveric digits were randomised to an intact repair or simulated 'failed' repair, and to a two- or eight-strand repair of a flexor digitorum profundus laceration. A blinded sonologist evaluated specimens in static mode using 18 and 24 MHz transducers...

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and complication rates of ultrasound-guided, percutaneous core needle biopsies of soft tissue masses in the hand and fingers. METHODS: Reports from all ultrasound-guided procedures between 21 May 2014 and 17 March 2022 were queried for keywords including "hand", OR "finger", AND "biopsy". Patient demographics, lesion size and location, biopsy needle gauge and the number of cores obtained were recorded. The final pathology of the mass excision was then compared with the core needle biopsy (CNB) for each patient...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/ajum.12122.].

OBJECTIVES: Changes in the microvascular environment are considered crucial in the pathogenesis of compression neuropathies. Several studies have demonstrated elevated intraneural vascularity in severe neuropathy compared with healthy subjects, where intraneural vascularity is considered predominantly undetectable. The aim of this study was to assess and quantify intraneural vasculature by superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in healthy volunteers in the median, ulnar and common peroneal nerve...