journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38187954/transcriptomic-based-roadmap-to-the-healthy-and-ozone-exposed-lung
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip Moos, Jenna Cheminant, Ujjwal Adhikari, Alessandro Venosa
The lung is constantly exposed to a myriad of exogenous stressors. Ground-level ozone represents a ubiquitous and extremely reactive anthropogenic toxicant, impacting the health of millions across the globe. While abundant, epidemiological, in vivo , and in vitro data focuses the ozone toxicity in individual cell types (e.g. epithelial type II, alveolar macrophages) or signaling pathways involved in the injury (e.g., akt, glutathione). When appropriately used, bulk and single cell RNA sequencing techniques have the potential to provide complete, and in certain cases unbiased, information of the molecular events taking place in the steady state and injured lung, and even capture the phenotypic diversity of neighboring cells...
March 2024: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486798/defining-the-environmental-determinants-of-dysbiosis-at-scale-with-zebrafish
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas J Sharpton, Alexandra Alexiev, Robyn L Tanguay
The gut microbiome, critical to maintaining vertebrate homeostasis, is susceptible to a various exposures. In some cases, these exposures induce dysbiosis, wherein the microbiome changes into a state conducive to disease progression. To better prevent, manage, and treat health disorders, we need to define which exposures induce dysbiosis. Contemporary methods face challenges due to the immense diversity of the exposome and the restricted throughput of conventional experimental tools used for dysbiosis evaluation...
December 2023: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37981901/how-single-cell-transcriptomics-provides-insight-on-hepatic-responses-to-tcdd
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nault Rance
The prototypical aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin (TCDD), has been a valuable model for investigating toxicant-associated fatty liver disease (TAFLD). TCDD induces dose-dependent hepatic lipid accumulation, followed by the development of inflammatory foci and eventual progression to fibrosis in mice. Previously, bulk approaches and in vitro examination of different cell types were relied upon to study the mechanisms underlying TCDD-induced liver pathologies. However, the advent of single-cell transcriptomic technologies, such as single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) and spatial transcriptomics (STx), has provided new insights into the responses of hepatic cell types to TCDD exposure...
December 2023: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37790747/wrangling-whole-mixtures-risk-assessment-recent-advances-in-determining-sufficient-similarity
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia E Rager, Cynthia V Rider
Human health risk assessments for complex mixtures can address real-world exposures and protect public health. While risk assessors typically prefer whole mixture approaches over component-based approaches, data from the precise exposure of interest are often unavailable and surrogate data from a sufficiently similar mixture(s) are required. This review describes recent advances in determining sufficient similarity of whole, complex mixtures spanning the comparison of chemical features, bioactivity profiles, and statistical evaluation to determine "thresholds of similarity"...
September 2023: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37377741/advances-in-pah-mixture-toxicology-enabled-by-zebrafish
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lindsay B Wilson, Ian L Moran, Kim A Anderson, Robyn L Tanguay
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of organic compounds produced by a variety of petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. PAHs inherently occur in the environment in complex mixtures. The early life-stage zebrafish model is a valuable tool for high-throughput screening (HTS) for toxicity of complex chemical mixtures due to its rapid development, high fecundity, and superb sensitivity to chemical insult. Zebrafish are amenable to exposure to surrogate mixtures as well as extracts of environmental samples and effect-directed analysis...
June 2023: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37193357/epigenetic-mechanisms-of-cadmium-induced-nephrotoxicity
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angela H Guo, Surinder Kumar, David B Lombard
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread toxic pollutant that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Cd exposure in humans occurs primarily through consumption of contaminated food and water, cigarette smoking, and industrial applications. The kidney proximal tubular (PT) epithelial cells are the primary target of Cd toxicity. Cd-induced injury to PT cells impedes tubular reabsorption. Despite the many long-term sequelae of Cd exposure, molecular mechanisms of Cd toxicity are poorly understood, and no specific therapies exist to mitigate the effects of Cd exposure...
December 2022: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37193356/nephrotoxicity-of-marketed-antisense-oligonucleotide-drugs
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hangyu Wu, Aniket Wahane, Feryal Alhamadani, Kristy Zhang, Rajvi Parikh, SooWan Lee, Evan M McCabe, Theodore P Rasmussen, Raman Bahal, Xiao-Bo Zhong, José E Manautou
The field of antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-based therapies have been making strides in precision medicine due to their potent therapeutic application. Early successes in treating some genetic diseases are now attributed to an emerging class of antisense drugs. After two decades, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a considerable number of ASO drugs, primarily to treat rare diseases with optimal therapeutic outcomes. However, safety is one of the biggest challenges to the therapeutic utility of ASO drugs...
December 2022: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36311298/plant-vs-kidney-evaluating-nephrotoxicity-of-botanicals-with-the-latest-toxicological-tools
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam Pearson, Stefan Gafner, Cynthia V Rider, Michelle Embry, Stephen S Ferguson, Constance A Mitchell
Botanicals can cause nephrotoxicity via numerous mechanisms, including disrupting renal blood flow, damaging compartments along the nephron, and obstructing urinary flow. While uncommon, there are various reports of botanical-induced nephrotoxicity in the literature, such as from aristolochia ( Aristolochia spp.) and rhubarb ( Rheum spp .). However, at present, it is a challenge to assess the toxic potential of botanicals because their chemical composition is variable due to factors such as growing conditions and extraction techniques...
December 2022: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36777447/endogenous-markers-of-kidney-function-and-renal-drug-clearance-processes-of-filtration-secretion-and-reabsorption
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren E Thompson, Melanie S Joy
The kidneys are responsible for maintaining physiologic homeostasis. The kidneys clear a variety of drugs and other substances through passive (filtration) and active processes that utilize transport proteins. Renal clearance is comprised of the processes of glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, and tubular reabsorption. Endogenous biomarkers, such as creatinine and cystatin C, are routinely used to estimate renal clearance. Understanding the contributing components of renal function and clearance, through the use of biomarkers, is necessary in elucidating the renal pharmacology of drugs and other substances...
September 2022: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36540379/cellular-and-functional-biomarkers-of-renal-injury-and-disease
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lawrence H Lash
Biomarkers, defined as molecules in biological samples that are used as indicators of organ function, can assess exposure to potentially injurious chemicals, effects on organ function, or susceptibility to organ functional decline. The kidneys are frequently exposed to many drugs and chemicals and loss of kidney function is a frequent consequence of diseases such as diabetes. This review summarizes findings reported in 2021 and early-2022 from clinical and experimental animal studies on biomarkers, focusing on five topics: 1) Progression and severity of diabetic kidney disease; 2) acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) severity and prognosis; 3) progression of AKI to CKD; 4) renal cell carcinoma (RCC) severity and prognosis; and 5) detection of exposure to environmental chemicals and nephrotoxic drugs...
September 2022: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35813121/mixture-math-deciding-what-to-add-in-a-cumulative-risk-assessment
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cynthia V Rider
Component-based approaches for cumulative risk assessment provide an important tool for informing public health policy. While current quantitative cumulative risk assessments focus narrowly on pesticides that share a mechanism of action, growing scientific evidence supports expansion of their application to encompass stressors that target a common disease. Case studies have demonstrated dose additive effects of chemicals with different mechanisms of action on liver steatosis, craniofacial malformations, and male reproductive tract developmental disruption...
September 2022: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35495549/kidney-microphysiological-models-for-nephrotoxicity-assessment
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anish Mahadeo, Catherine K Yeung, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Edward J Kelly
Nephrotoxicity testing is an important step in preclinical development of new molecular entities (NMEs) and has traditionally been performed in 2-D cell culture systems and animal models. However, 2-D culture systems fail to replicate complex in vivo microenvironment and animal models face interspecies differences including the overexpression of drug transporters. In the last decade, 3-D microphysiological systems (MPS) have been developed to address these concerns. Here, we review recent advancements in kidney MPS and their application in drug-induced toxicity testing and kidney disease research...
June 2022: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34957354/human-and-ecological-health-effects-of-nanoplastics-may-not-be-a-tiny-problem
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael F Hughes, Haley M Clapper, Robert M Burgess, Kay T Ho
Nanoplastics (NPs) are present in food, soil, water, air and personal care products, resulting in concern regarding exposure and potential adverse effects. NPs principally arise from the degradation of larger-sized plastic particles. The uptake and effects of NPs in humans is not yet known. However, recent laboratory studies have documented the uptake and adverse effects of NPs from the cellular to the community level. As NPs are in the size range of particles that can be absorbed by cells, research on these materials should be accelerated to properly assess their potential risks...
December 1, 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34901583/micro-and-nanoplastic-transfer-accumulation-and-toxicity-in-humans
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P A Stapleton
Plastics impact our daily lives. Unfortunately, it is the disuse and disposal of these items that may affect us the greatest. Plastic micro- and nanosized particles, likely from bulk degradation, have been identified in air pollution and water sources. Recently, plastic particles have also been identified in consumable products. The purpose of this review is to identify the likely routes of human exposure, the toxicological outcomes and concerns currently reported, and to provide some considerations for future assessments...
December 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34541428/investigating-the-current-status-of-covid-19-related-plastics-and-their-potential-impact-on-human-health
#15
REVIEW
Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre, Carlos Ivan Pizarro-Ortega, Diana Carolina Dioses-Salinas, Justine Ammendolia, Elvis D Okoffo
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a sudden global increase in the production, consumption, and mismanagement of personal protective equipment (PPE). As plastic-based PPE such as disposable face masks and gloves have become widely used, human exposure to PPE-derived pollutants may occur through indirect and direct pathways. This review explores the potential health impacts related to plastic-based PPE through these pathways. Face masks release microplastics, which are directly inhaled during use or transported through the environment...
September 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34308007/mechanisms-of-organophosphate-neurotoxicity
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Hua Tsai, Pamela J Lein
The canonical mechanism of organophosphate (OP) neurotoxicity is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, multiple lines of evidence suggest that mechanisms in addition to or other than AChE inhibition contribute to the neurotoxic effects associated with acute and chronic OP exposures. Characterizing the role(s) of AChE inhibition versus noncholinergic mechanisms in OP neurotoxicity remains an active area of research with significant diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Here, we review recently published studies that provide mechanistic insights regarding (1) OP-induced status epilepticus, (2) long-term neurologic consequences of acute OP exposures, and (3) neurotoxic effects associated with repeated low-level OP exposures...
June 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34263087/perturbed-mapk-signaling-in-asd-impact-of-metal-neurotoxicity
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oritoke M Aluko, Saheed A Lawal, Omamuyovwi M Ijomone, Michael Aschner
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are intracellular signaling pathways necessary for regulating various physiological processes, including neurodevelopment. The developing brain is vulnerable to toxic substances, and metals, such as lead, mercury, nickel, manganese, and others, have been proven to induce disturbances in the MAPK signaling pathway. Since a well-regulated MAPK is necessary for normal neurodevelopment, perturbation of the MAPK pathway results in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD)...
June 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34056147/heavy-metals-and-adult-neurogenesis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Wang, Megumi T Matsushita
With extensive use in industrial and agriculture applications, overexposure to heavy metals has become a global public health concern. The nervous system is vulnerable to many heavy metals, including cadmium, lead, and mercury. However, the knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of these metals' neurotoxicity is still very limited. Adult neurogenesis is a process of generating functional neurons from adult neural progenitor/stem cells (aNPCs), which plays an important role in cognitive function and olfaction...
June 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34017930/metal-mixtures-and-neurodevelopment-recent-findings-and-emerging-principles
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francheska M Merced-Nieves, Manish Arora, Robert O Wright, Paul Curtin
Children are constantly exposed to a wide range of environmental factors including essential and non-essential metals. In recent years, the mixtures paradigm has emerged to foster the examination of combined effects that emerge from exposures to multiple elements. In this review, we summarized recent literature studying the relationship between prenatal and childhood metal mixtures with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Our review highlights two basic principles to emerge from this approach. First, recent findings emphasize that the effect of a given exposure is contextual and may be dependent on past or concurrent metal exposures...
June 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34013137/early-life-lead-exposure-and-neurodevelopmental-disorders
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Albores-Garcia, J L McGlothan, T R Guilarte
Lead (Pb2+ ) exposure is a global public health problem of major proportion with an alarming number of children with blood Pb2+ levels > 10 >g/dL, twice the current CDC reference level for Pb2+ exposure. Mounting evidence from population-based studies suggests an association between chronic early life Pb2+ exposure (CELLE) and psychiatric disorders, specifically schizophrenia (SZ). Preclinical studies suggest a common mechanism in the pathophysiology of CELLE and SZ, NMDA receptor hypofunction. Here we describe human and experimental animal studies providing the evidence for such an association...
June 2021: Current Opinion in Toxicology
journal
journal
54028
1
2
Fetch more papers »
Fetching more papers... Fetching...
Remove bar
Read by QxMD icon Read
×

Save your favorite articles in one place with a free QxMD account.

×

Search Tips

Use Boolean operators: AND/OR

diabetic AND foot
diabetes OR diabetic

Exclude a word using the 'minus' sign

Virchow -triad

Use Parentheses

water AND (cup OR glass)

Add an asterisk (*) at end of a word to include word stems

Neuro* will search for Neurology, Neuroscientist, Neurological, and so on

Use quotes to search for an exact phrase

"primary prevention of cancer"
(heart or cardiac or cardio*) AND arrest -"American Heart Association"

We want to hear from doctors like you!

Take a second to answer a survey question.