Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Considering the lack of a unified tool for appraisal of quality of educational resources on lay rescuer adult Basic Life Support (BLS), this study aimed to develop corresponding evaluation checklist based on international expert consensus. METHODS: In a two-round Delphi study, participating experts completed questionnaires to rate each item of the pre-developed 72-item checklist indicating a level of agreement that an item should be utilized for evaluating conformance of an adult BLS educational resource with resuscitation guidelines...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Airway management is a common procedure within Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. Traditional techniques for predicting and managing a difficult airway each have important limitations. As the field has evolved, point-of-care ultrasound has been increasingly utilized for this application. Several measures can be used to sonographically predict a difficult airway, including skin to epiglottis, hyomental distance, and tongue thickness. Ultrasound can also be used to confirm endotracheal tube intubation and assess endotracheal tube depth...

Considerable evidence has been published since the 2020 Korean cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines. The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) publishes the Consensus on CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) summary annually. This review provides expert opinions by reviewing the recent evidence on CPR and ILCOR treatment recommendations. The authors reviewed the CoSTR summary published by ILCOR in 2021 and 2022. PICO (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) questions for each topic were reviewed using a systemic or scoping review methodology...

BACKGROUND: Trauma is a global health problem. The causes of trauma-led deaths may also be diverse depending on socioeconomic and geographical factors, outlining various regional patterns. There are few local studies about trauma in consideration of socio-demographical and geographical factors. The aim of the study is to provide policy insights for reduction of trauma death or disorder rates by investigating the relationships between trauma and geographical factors. METHOD: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a literature search of international and Korean databases from 2000 to 2020...

Approximately 0.7% of patients taking Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) develop ACEI induced angioedema (ACEI-IA). With no current approved treatments for ACEI-IA, the risk of complications is concerning. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has shown the potential to prevent intubations and resolve ACEI-IA through inhibiting downstream production of bradykinin. In this review, we aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TXA use in ACEI-IA. We queried the PubMed database for studies involving TXA for ACEI-IA from January 2003 to January 2023...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The application of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients unresponsive to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has significantly increased in recent years. To date, 3 published randomized trials have investigated extracorporeal CPR (ECPR) in adults with refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Although these trials reported inconsistent results, they suggest that ECPR may have a significant survival benefit over conventional CPR in selected patients only when performed with strict protocol adherence in an experienced EMS-Hospital system...

Although the SSC Guidelines provide a standardized and generalized guidance, they are less individualized. This review focuses on recent updates in the hemodynamic management of septic shock. Monitoring and intervention for septic shock should be personalized according to the phase of shock. In the salvage phase, fluid resuscitation and vasopressors should be given to provide tissue perfusion for life-saving. During the optimization phase, tissue perfusion should be optimized. In the stabilization and de-escalation phases, minimal fluid infusion and safe fluid removal should be performed, respectively, while preserving organ perfusion...

OBJECTIVES: Multiple trauma is associated with a remarkable risk of in-hospital complications, which harmhealthcare services and patients. This study aimed to assess the incidence of post-trauma complications, their relationship with poor outcomes, and the effect of injury severity score (ISS) on their occurrence. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at two trauma centers, between January 2020 and December 2022. All hospitalized adult patients with multiple trauma were included in this study...

OBJECTIVE: Agriculture is one of the most hazardous industries. However, previous studies have mainly focused on injuries in agricultural workers and have not compared with injuries in non-agricultural workers. Thus, we aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of injuries in agricultural workers compared to non-agricultural workers reported at the emergency department(ED). METHODS: We established a prospective ED-based agricultural injury surveillance system at a tertiary university hospital...

BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS: Urolithiasis is one of the most common urological diseases worldwide, commonly presenting as renal colic, requiring analgesic treatment due to the severe pain it causes the patients. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Ketamine and Desmopressin in the pain management of renal colic patients. METHODS: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial study was conducted on renal colic patients referred to emergency departments (ED) from June 2021 to July 2022...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the relationship between sex and survival in patients with unintentional trauma. METHOD: This retrospective, national population-based observational, case-control study involved a collection of Korean traumatic patients who were transferred to the emergency department by a Korean emergency medical service from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018. Propensity Score Matching was used. The primary outcome was survival until hospital discharge...

The goal of clinical study is to examine the associated factors to the disease and to assess the efficacy and safety of an investigational drug or procedure or device. Since the clinical study design is different according to the own characteristics of each type of the study, it is aimed to help researchers understand the design of each type of the clinical study, select the optimal type of study within the given research circumstances. Clinical studies are classified into the two main types, observational study and clinical trial, according to presence or absence of intervention applied to human for the study...

OBJECTIVE: Myocardial rupture is a fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Early diagnosis of myocardial rupture is feasible when emergency physicians (EPs) perform emergency transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). The purpose of this study was to report the echocardiographic features of myocardial rupture on emergency TTE performed by EPs in the emergency department (ED). METHODS: This is a retrospective and observational study involving consecutive adult patients presenting with AMI who underwent TTE performed by EPs in the ED of a single academic medical center from March 2008 to December 2019...

The current heightened international political climate is accompanied by increased risk of chemical or biological agent weaponization. Historical accounts of biochemical warfare are extensive, and considering the recent use of such agents for targeted attacks, clinicians need to recognize and manage these cases. However, agent properties such as the color, odor, ability to be aerosolized, and long incubation period can introduce difficulties in the diagnostic and management approach. We searched PubMed and Scopus for a colorless, odorless, aerosolized substance with an incubation period of at least 4 hours...

OBJECTIVE: Hyponatremia and hypernatremia are common electrolyte disorders. Few studies to date have focused on patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with sodium (Na) disorders. Our objective was to determine the incidence and outcomes of hyponatremia and hypernatremia in ED patients. METHODS: This study was a retrospective, single-center review of electronic medical records at an academic suburban ED with approximately 100,000 annual visits. Subjects included consecutive adult ED patients with Na levels measured while in the ED in 2019...