Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research

BACKGROUND: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2 are major viral pathogens in broiler respiratory disease. AIMS: Following a respiratory disease outbreak and economic losses in eastern Iran 2020-2021, we investigated the role of major viral pathogens and the implemented vaccination programs. METHODS: Thirty-six respiratory disease affected broiler flocks in South Khorasan province were sampled, molecularly tested, and coinfections were investigated...

BACKGROUND: Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases caused by Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genus Brucella . Detection of Brucella species in different countries is of utmost importance. AIMS: This study aimed to detect Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in domestic ruminant blood samples and their ticks in western Iran. METHODS: Sampling was conducted on ruminants from August to September 2020 in four different counties of Kurdistan Province, including Divandareh, Marivan, Baneh, and Sanandaj...

BACKGROUND: Vancomycin resistance encoded by the vanA / B / M genes in enterococci is clinically important because of the transmission of these genes between bacteria. While vancomycin resistance is determined by detecting only vanA and vanB genes by routine analyses, failure to detect vanM resistance causes vancomycin resistance to be overlooked, and clinically appropriate treatment cannot be provided. AIMS: The study aimed to examine the presence of vanM -positive enterococcal isolates in Ankara, Turkey, and to have detailed information about them with sequence analyses...

BACKGROUND: Biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus is a prevailing cause of multidrug resistance. The evolutionary mechanisms of adaption with host and pathogenicity are poorly understood. AIMS: The present study aimed to investigate the biofilm-forming potential, associated multidrug resistance, and the evolutionary analysis of S. aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. METHODS: 122 S. aureus isolates were subjected to Congo red agar method (CRA), microtitre plate method (MTP), and PCR to check the biofilm-forming potential...

BACKGROUND: Optimal vitamin D levels for an effective role in immune function and rickets prevention are thought to vary, but have not yet been definitively determined. Reports on reference values of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in cats are limited. AIMS: The study provides information about serum 25(OH)D values in cats with different age, gender, breed, diet type, reproductive status, housing condition, and also the relationship between these levels and various hematological and biochemical parameters...

BACKGROUND: The increasing importance of antibiotic resistance shows the need for determining indices of the epidemiology of infection. AIMS: This study aimed to determine the virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis cases. METHODS: A total of 200 cattle were selected based on California Mastitis Test (CMT) results, and the samples were cultured in the laboratory. Grown colonies were examined by conventional phenotypic methods and confirmed using PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene...

BACKGROUND: Tropical theileriosis is the most prevalent hemoprotozoan disease in Pakistan. AIMS: The study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and evolutionary relationship of Theileria annulata in bovines in diverse agro-climatic regions of Punjab, Pakistan. METHODS: 800 blood specimens were collected from asymptomatic cattle (n=480) and buffaloes (n=320) using a multistage sampling method from Sargodha (n=400) and Multan (n=400) districts...

BACKGROUND: Artificial insemination (AI) is one of the most important reproductive technologies used to modify animals genetically. Using this method, the genetic composition of the herd can be improved and selected by choosing bulls with excellent genetic characteristics. Taxifolin (TXF), a plant flavonoid, has shown an antioxidative effect. AIMS: The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of TXF on the quality of frozen-thawed semen in Fleckvieh (Simmental) dual-purpose bulls...

BACKGROUND: Dromedary camels ( Camelus dromedarius ) are raised in extremely strict ecological conditions of deserts. Camels are vulnerable to many zoonotic infections. There are limited data on the occurrence of Q fever and borreliosis in camels, in Iran. AIMS: The current study was focused on the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia spp. infection in the blood samples of Iranian camels using molecular assays. Effect of the presence of these infections on various hematological factors and some acute-phase proteins (Hp, a1AGP, SAA) were also investigated...

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), affecting livestock and human beings, has become a global public health hazard with economic consequences. AIMS: The current study was designed to investigate the prevailing MRSA-associated subclinical mastitis and associated risk factors in dairy buffaloes. The study also highlighted the genetic variations and in silico-based proteomic differences among MRSA isolates. METHODS: Out of 516 milk samples, 45...

BACKGROUND: With the increasing use of cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA), stem subsidence has emerged as one of the primary complications. Although electron beam melting (EBM)-manufactured stems have been demonstrated to prevent subsidence, there has been limited investigation into the comparative biomechanical impact of collarless and collared EBM cementless stems on stem subsidence in veterinary medicine. AIMS: This study aimed to compare the stem implant resistance and failure mechanical properties between collarless and collared EBM-manufactured stems...

BACKGROUND: Precise and on-time diagnosis of the udder's diseases is important, because of their economic importance. Udder structures like teat, parenchyma, and supramammary lymph nodes can be evaluated by ultrasonography. AIMS: The study aimed to evaluate the ultrasonographic technique for imaging the supramammary lymph nodes and udder's tissue in Saanen goats and the relation between the findings of ultrasonography and subclinical mastitis. METHODS: Thirty milking Saanen goats were evaluated in the study...

BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that dose reduction via co-administration of other agents might ameliorate respiratory depression associated with ketofol. AIMS: The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of adding lidocaine, fentanyl, or dexmedetomidine on the required dose and cardiorespiratory variables in dogs undergoing total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with ketofol. METHODS: In phase I, twelve dogs (six per each treatment) were induced and maintained with two out of four anesthetic regimens of (1) ketofol (4 mg/kg and 0...

UNLABELLED: Abstract. BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for many infections in humans and animals from skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening diseases. In this study to explore the origin of S. aureus infections in humans, the antibiotic resistance profile and the variety of virulence factors in S. aureus isolates were examined in three groups: a healthy human population, cheese, and the milk of sheep with mastitis. AIMS: The examination of some virulence factors in S...

UNLABELLED: Abstract. BACKGROUND: The development of proper immune responses to Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines is important in controlling the disease. Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) is involved in regulating the immune system. AIMS: The current study evaluated the effects of EcN on immune responses to ND live vaccines in Japanese quails. METHODS: A total of 150 one-day-old quails were divided into three equal groups...

BACKGROUND: A number of Mycoplasma spp., often referred to as the Mycoplasma mycoides (Mm) cluster can produce respiratory tract infections in goats; however, only Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp) is considered to causecontagious caprine pleuropneumonia. AIMS: Isolation and identification of M. capricoluum subspecies capripneumoniae and M. arginini from the pneumonic lungs of slaughtered goats and their association with pathological changes...

UNLABELLED: Abstract. BACKGROUND: One of the most common concerns in the regeneration of massive bone defects necessitating surgery and bone grafts is the application of tissue engineering using drug delivery. Zoledronate is a well-known effective drug for the healing bone fractures in osteoporotic patients. AIMS: An attempt was made to design a more efficient bone scaffold with polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, and hydroxyapatite. METHODS: The scaffold was fabricated by freeze-drying and indirect 3D printing approaches...

UNLABELLED: Abstract. BACKGROUND: Colonic diverticulum is one of the rare findings in dogs characterized by an out-pouching of mucosal and submucosal layers through the defect in muscularis layer of the colon. CASE DESCRIPTION: A five years old intact female Labrador was presented with an anamnesis of dyschezia and tenesmus. FINDINGS/TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Rectal examination was normal, and the survey radiograph showed an almost crescent shaped abnormal dilatation (10...

UNLABELLED: Abstract. BACKGROUND: The efficiency of ovine in vitro embryo production remains low yet. AIMS: The present study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of gamma (γ)-oryzanol in maturation or culture media on in vitro ovine oocytes and embryo developments. METHODS: Morphologically normal COCs were aspirated from ovine ovaries, subjected to maturation media supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μM γ-oryzanol, then processed for conventional in vitro fertilization and culture to assess their potential to cleave and develop to blastocyst...

UNLABELLED: Abstract. BACKGROUND: Infectious bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is one of the world's major livestock problems. AIMS: The study aimed to determine the diagnostic importance of pentraxin-3, endothelin-1, clinical biochemistry, and hematological parameters in infectious BRDC. METHODS: Animals in this study were Simmental breed, 1-7 years old, untreated, and healthy and BRDC cattle (40 cattle with BRDC in the disease group, and 10 healthy cattle in the control group)...