JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to explore and synthesize the evidence on the experience of self-managing multiple sclerosis fatigue among adult patients. INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis is a growing neurologic auto-immune disease, and fatigue is considered one of the most common and debilitating side effects. Understanding how multiple sclerosis patients experience fatigue, the cause of their fatigue, as well as how they self-manage their fatigue will better inform healthcare providers and patients...

OBJECTIVE: This scoping review will identify and explore existing evidence on the use of instrumental swallowing assessment in the diagnosis and management of dysphagia in adults living in residential care facilities. INTRODUCTION: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is prevalent among adults living in residential care facilities. Videofluoroscopy and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing are instrumental assessment procedures commonly utilized in the evaluation of oropharyngeal dysphagia in hospital and community settings...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to synthesize the best available evidence on men's perspectives on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing in sub-Saharan Africa. INTRODUCTION: Many factors influence men's poor HIV testing uptake in healthcare facilities, including stigma and confidentiality. Due to men's low engagement with healthcare facilities, there remains a high proportion of HIV-positive men who are unaware of their HIV status. The HIV self-testing models enable individuals to conduct and interpret their own HIV test at their own convenient time and private space, removing some of the barriers associated with accessing healthcare facility-based HIV testing services...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to synthesize the best available evidence for the diagnostic test accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) compared to C-reactive protein (CRP) in diagnosing osteomyelitis (OM) and septic arthritis in hospitalized children and adolescents. INTRODUCTION: Serum measurement of PCT has been shown to outperform CRP in diagnosing adult osteoarticular infections. Before PCT can be considered as a potential diagnostic test in children and adolescents, a systematic review is required...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the association between the built environment and physical activity in children and adolescents in Africa. INTRODUCTION: Physical activity offers immense benefits to children and adolescents. Some built environment constructs, such as street connectivity and the availability of parks, have been identified to facilitate physical activity in children and adolescents; however, this evidence has come from developed countries...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review is to assess cognitive outcomes of children who have experienced complex trauma in comparison to children who have not, and to test the effect of potential moderating factors. INTRODUCTION: A relatively high proportion of children have experienced complex trauma, which can lead to negative consequences on various aspects of development, including cognitive functions. Studies and reviews have documented cognitive outcomes of children who have experienced complex trauma, but with conflicting results...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to identify, evaluate, and synthesize the findings on built-environment determinants and their relation to participation in different domains of activities, including physical activity, recreational and social activities, and well-being in childhood and adolescence. INTRODUCTION: Creating supportive environments for children and adolescents is a priority in society. To ensure informed decision making and policy changes, initiatives need to rely on systematic development and the use of evidence-based knowledge...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to assess the safety and effectiveness in administering tranexamic acid in high-risk hip and knee arthroplasty patients. INTRODUCTION: Arthroplasty surgery is associated with a significant amount of perioperative blood loss. Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic used to counteract blood loss. Although various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of tranexamic acid without significant adverse effects, a majority of these studies have excluded high-risk patients...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to synthesize the experiences of health professionals who have experienced grief as a result of a pediatric patient dying. INTRODUCTION: There has been some research into health professionals' grief experiences, but there has not been a review that synthesizes the findings of these experiences. Other related reviews have focused on prenatal, perinatal or adult deaths or the coping strategies employed by health professionals...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to determine the difference in diagnostic accuracy of core needle biopsy and fine needle aspiration for patients with a head and neck mass using surgical histopathology as a reference test. The risks and adverse events associated with each technique will also be compared. INTRODUCTION: Tissue diagnosis is critical in evaluation of head and neck lesions to guide management. Options for tissue biopsy include surgical biopsy, fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB)...

OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to describe the existing evidence of children's involvement in healthy meal preparation in terms of nutrition-related outcomes, and to highlight potential research directions. INTRODUCTION: With the worldwide trend of unhealthy dietary habits among children, many researchers have explored the practice of healthy meal preparation as a health promotion habit. Hands-on healthy meal preparation seems to be promising among children, as it focuses on concrete experiences in creating positive attitude towards nutrition...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to identify, critically appraise and synthesize the available qualitative evidence to understand the experiences of children, young adults and their carers living with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in any setting. INTRODUCTION: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood. Despite the availability of effective treatments, disease still have negative impacts on patients' and carers' lives...

OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to identify and systematically map the available evidence concerning the prognostic biomarkers for malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), and to identify and analyze possible knowledge gaps in this field of literature. INTRODUCTION: It is hypothesized that diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer in its early stages may be the key to improving the prognosis and reducing treatment-related consequences...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to systematically examine the qualitative literature reporting on strategies that have been used (or could be developed) by healthcare services to integrate pharmacists into a multidisciplinary healthcare team. INTRODUCTION: Delivery models of pharmaceutical care have been developed, trialed, and refined since this concept was first defined more than 30 years ago. Delivery models that integrate pharmacists within a multidisciplinary team allow pharmacists to play a pivotal role in improving health outcomes for patients and contributing to patient self-management...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to understand the perceptions of nurses working in acute healthcare environments in relation to quality-improvement processes. INTRODUCTION: Quality improvement requirements and processes are firmly embedded in contemporary healthcare practice; however, the evidence is unclear on the extent to which nurses are engaged across the continuum of quality improvement processes. Nurses are required to consult these processes, but clinical nurses in particular may have limited input into the planning and implementation of quality improvement...

OBJECTIVE: to scope the evidence on how researchers, health and social care professionals in Brazil currently identify and manage frailty in older adults. INTRODUCTION: the rapidly aging population and associated increased healthcare usage by older people with frailty are challenging the sustainability of healthcare for older people in Brazil. Understanding how frailty is identified, measured, categorized and managed in Brazil is an important part of building a response to the challenge...

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize and integrate the best available evidence on the experiences and effectiveness of canine-assisted interventions (CAIs) on the health and well-being of older people residing in long-term care. INTRODUCTION: Canine-assisted interventions (CAIs) are commonly used as an adjunct therapy to enhance health and well-being and are often implemented in long-term care facilities. The number of studies undertaken in this area has increased substantially over the last five years; therefore, an update of two previous systematic reviews is warranted...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this project is to decrease the rates of midstream urine sample contamination through standardization of evidence-based techniques among nurses. INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infection is a prevalent health problem worldwide. The diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infection depend on a thorough physical examination and the results of an uncontaminated midstream specimen of urine. However, improper techniques used in the collection often cause sample contamination, leading to delayed diagnosis and the use of inappropriate antibiotics for treatment...