Polish Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

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In the modern era when screening and early surveillance of pulmonary nodules are increasing in importance, the management of the pulmonary nodule represents a different challenge to thoracic surgeons. The difficulty lies in the merging of sound surgical and oncological principles with more minimally invasive and appropriate lung-sparing surgery. The success rates of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) resection for smaller as well as subsolid nodules have increased as a result of radiologists' preoperative localization tools...

INTRODUCTION: A chest tube inserted through the intercostal space for air and blood evacuation after thoracic surgery is a serious cause of postoperative pain and prolongs the length of stay. Drainless video-assisted thoracoscopic thoracic surgical procedures, which were previously performed in mediastinal surgical procedures, have also been applied for lung resections in recent years. AIM: To investigate the superiority of drainless videothoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection over those with a drain in terms of postoperative pain and length of stay...

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Mediastinal tumors encompass a diverse range of malignancies, originating within or spreading to the mediastinum. The administration of radiotherapy within the anatomical confines of the mediastinum presents unique challenges owing to the close proximity of critical organs, including the heart, lungs, esophagus, and spinal cord. However, recent progress in imaging techniques, treatment modalities, and our understanding of tumor biology has significantly contributed to the development of effective and safe therapeutic strategies for mediastinal diseases...

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INTRODUCTION: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is defined as pain persisting for ≥ 3 months after surgery, severely impairing patients' long-term daily activities and quality of life. AIM: To evaluate the effects of various regional analgesia methods, including thoracic epidural (TE), serratus anterior plane (SAP) block, rhomboid intercostal block (RIB) and paravertebral block (PVB), on the incidence of chronic post-thoracic surgery pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 489 patients (240 thoracotomy, 249 VATS) were included in the analysis...

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INTRODUCTION: Over the past decade, left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as an established alternative to oral anticoagulation for patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF). The LARIAT device stands as the sole available epicardial system for complete percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure. AIM: To present the extended outcomes (spanning over 9 years of observation) in patients with AF who underwent epicardial LAAO. The presented results constitute the longest observation in world literature...

INTRODUCTION: The exact mechanism responsible for inflammation in malignancy is not completely understood, but it is possible that interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a major role in triggering and maintaining an inflammatory response. AIM: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the levels of IL-6 in the serum/plasma of lung cancer (LC) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The researchers searched four databases up to September 11, 2022, to find studies that reported on IL-6 levels in LC patients compared to healthy controls (HCs)...

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INTRODUCTION: The fate of the aorta after tube graft replacement remains unclear. AIM: We investigated the evolution of aortic dilatation after non-aortic cardiac operations and the dimensions of the root and arch after ascending aorta replacement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 252 patients with aortic dilatation operated on between January 2010 and June 2019, 160 were followed with CT angiography. Two groups were formed according to the initial operation...

INTRODUCTION: Left ventricular outflow tract obstructions (LVOTO) presents as complex cardiac diseases accompanied by other cardiac anomalies in the pediatric age group. Postoperative complications, especially cardiac, pulmonary, and renal complications, that may develop after pediatric cardiac surgery can become life-threatening. If the perioperative risk factors for these complications are known in pediatric patients with LVOTO, anesthesiologists and surgeons may take precautions to eliminate undesirable outcomes...

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INTRODUCTION: The in vitro rat vascular ischaemia and reperfusion model is used to evaluate the molecular and functional effects of potential agents against ischaemia and reperfusion injury of autologous graft veins. However, there is no consensus on whether hypoxia, rather than ischaemia, is sufficient to induce vascular dysfunction. AIM: To compare the effects of hypoxia and ischaemia, with or without reperfusion, on the vascular functions of isolated thoracic aortic rings of rats...

INTRODUCTION: Intraoperative myocardial protection during aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis (AS) is of paramount importance for outcomes. The dose of cardioplegia is usually calculated with reference to body mass. AIM: To assess whether such a strategy should be applied to all AS patients undergoing AVR. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 94 patients who underwent elective isolated AVR in cardiopulmonary bypass with cold cardioplegic arrest, with a mean age of 65...

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Low-dose computed tomography is being used for lung cancer screening in high-risk groups. Detecting lung cancer at an early stage improves the chance of optimal treatment and increases overall survival. This article compares segmentectomy vs. lobectomy as surgical options, in the case of stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma, ideally IA. To compare the 2 previously referred strategies, data were collected from articles (40 studies were reviewed), reviews, and systematic analyses in PubMed Central, as well as reviewing recent literature...

The mediastinum constitutes an area of special surgical interest due to important anatomical relationships and histopathologic variability of mediastinal primary and metastatic tumours. Mediastinum was considered inaccessible until the end of the 19th century. For many decades the diagnosis of mediastinal disease relied solely upon clinical presentation, and the mainstay of treatment was medical therapy. The advancements in radiology and intraoperative ventilatory support facilitated the improvement of certain diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to mediastinal disease...