journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38125803/use-of-exhaled-nitric-oxide-in-the-diagnosis-and-monitoring-of-childhood-asthma-myth-or-maxim
#21
REVIEW
Anna Fraser, Ruaraidh Simpson, Steve Turner
UNLABELLED: Asthma is a common condition in children. This review describes the evidence from the literature and international asthma guidelines for using fractional exhaled nitric oxide ( F ENO ) in the diagnosis and monitoring of childhood asthma. The accuracy of F ENO measuring devices could be further improved, the difference in F ENO results between devices are equivalent to what is considered a clinically important difference. For diagnosing asthma no guideline currently recommends F ENO is used as the first test, but many recommend F ENO as part of a series of tests...
December 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38125802/a-young-boy-with-diabetic-ketoacidosis-and-non-resolving-pneumonia
#22
Rakesh Kodati, Narendra Kumar Narahari, Anuradha Tadepalli, Nishika Madireddy, Bhaskar Kakarla, Paramjyothi Gongati
Classic radiological signs of invasive fungal disease, especially pulmonary mucormycosis in a predisposed individual should alert the physician to initiate empiric anti-fungal therapy. https://bit.ly/40gt4Hm.
December 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38125801/the-role-of-the-clinical-pharmacist-in-the-respiratory-or-sleep-multidisciplinary-team
#23
REVIEW
Jessica Clements, Elaine Bowman, Rowan Tolhurst, Maeve Savage, Alicia Piwko, Christabelle Chen, Elaine Lyons, Nixon Leung, Sarah Mulholland, Gráinne d'Ancona
The role of the pharmacist has evolved significantly, not least over the last 20 years. It delivers a skilled profession with a vital role in medicines optimisation and the management of patients with a respiratory or sleep disorder. While pharmacists are capable of acting as independent practitioners delivering direct patient care, this article explores their contribution to multidisciplinary teams within asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, interstitial lung disease and sleep medicine. Having identified patient cohorts needing specialist medicines support, notably those with poor medicines adherence or specific medicines-related needs (for example during adolescence, or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding), these pharmacists work within primary, secondary and specialist tertiary care...
December 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38125800/a-practical-approach-to-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-malignant-pleural-effusions-in-resource-constrained-settings
#24
REVIEW
Jane A Shaw, Elizabeth H Louw, Coenraad F N Koegelenberg
UNLABELLED: No pleural intervention in a patient with confirmed malignant pleural effusion (MPE) prolongs life, but even the recommended interventions for diagnosis and palliation can be costly and therefore unavailable in large parts of the world. However, there is good evidence to guide clinicians working in low- and middle-income countries on the most cost-effective and clinically effective strategies for the diagnosis and management of MPE. Transthoracic ultrasound-guided closed pleural biopsy is a safe method of pleural biopsy with a diagnostic yield approaching that of thoracoscopy...
December 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38125799/the-tuberculous-pleural-effusion
#25
REVIEW
Emma McNally, Clare Ross, Laura E Gleeson
UNLABELLED: Pleural tuberculosis (TB) is a common entity with similar epidemiological characteristics to pulmonary TB. It represents a spectrum of disease that can variably self-resolve or progress to TB empyema with severe sequelae such as chronic fibrothorax or empyema necessitans. Coexistence of and progression to pulmonary TB is high. Diagnosis is challenging, as pleural TB is paucibacillary in most cases, but every effort should be made to obtain microbiological diagnosis, especially where drug resistance is suspected...
December 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38125798/-breathe-podcast-december-2023-early-career-members-highlights-from-the-ers-congress
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
As part of the December issue, Breathe presents a podcast of early career members' highlights from the ERS Congress. Chief Editor Brian Kent discusses highlights from the ERS Congress with Joana Cruz, Siyu Dai and Sarah Alami.
December 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38020342/management-of-comorbidities-in-difficult-and-severe-asthma
#27
REVIEW
Jehangir Khan, Barry Moran, Cormac McCarthy, Marcus W Butler, Alessandro N Franciosi
Difficult-to-treat and severe asthma are challenging clinical entities. In the face of suboptimal asthma control, the temptation for clinicians is to reflexively escalate asthma-directed therapy, including increasing exposure to corticosteroids and commencement of costly but potent biologic therapies. However, asthma control is objectively and subjectively assessed based on measurable parameters (such as exacerbations or variability in pulmonary physiology), symptoms and patient histories. Crucially, these features can be confounded by common untreated comorbidities, affecting clinicians' assessment of asthma treatment efficacy...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38020341/an-interesting-case-of-pulmonary-infiltrates-with-eosinophilia-out-of-sight-out-of-mind
#28
Amit Panjwani, Mohamed Redha Salman, Umesh Nabar
Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia should be considered in patients presenting with respiratory symptoms and hypereosinophilia, even in areas not endemic for filariasis. This awareness may prevent morbidity associated with its late or wrong diagnosis. https://bit.ly/3t8hHVc.
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38020340/lung-science-conference-highlights-2023-post-viral-lung-diseases-from-basic-immunology-to-clinical-phenotypes-and-therapy
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Cuevas Ocaña, Chiara DeSanti, Katie Daly, Christina Shrees, Nimród László, Carla Bellinghausen, Carola Voss, Joana Cruz
This article provides an overview of some of the highlights of the Lung Science Conference 2023 https://bit.ly/46oWCEX.
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38020339/sleep-and-breathing-conference-highlights-2023-a-summary-by-ers-assembly-4
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matteo Bradicich, Matteo Siciliano, Federico Donfrancesco, Radostina Cherneva, Beatriz Ferraz, Dries Testelmans, Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre, Winfried Randerath, Sophia Schiza, Joana Cruz
This paper presents some of the highlights of the Sleep and Breathing Conference 2023 https://bit.ly/46MxJml.
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38020338/lung-functional-imaging
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sam Bayat, Jim Wild, Tilo Winkler
Pulmonary functional imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear imaging can quantitatively assess regional lung functional parameters and their distributions. These include ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange at the microvascular level and biomechanical properties, among other variables. This review describes the rationale, strengths and limitations of the various imaging modalities employed for lung functional imaging. It also aims to explain some of the most commonly measured parameters of regional lung function...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830103/what-to-expect-of-the-first-ers-ecfs-adult-cystic-fibrosis-conference
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenai Kisseleff, Mirjam Stahl, Amy Farr, Peter Watson, Joana Cruz
This article provides a brief overview of the Adult Cystic Fibrosis Conference (#ACFMilan2023) programme, which will be held on 1-2 December 2023, in Milan (Italy) and online. https://bit.ly/3sKpN6p.
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830102/regular-up-to-10-puffs-4-hourly-inhaled-salbutamol-should-be-prescribed-at-discharge-after-an-asthma-attack-myth-or-maxim
#33
REVIEW
Sara Warraich, Andrew Bush, Mark L Levy, Louise Fleming
Over the past 20 years, the concept of asthma weaning plans on discharge after an attack has crept into common practice, although the precise origin of these plans is unclear. High use of short-acting β2 -agonists (SABAs) may result in tolerance to their bronchodilator effects, thus diminishing their efficacy, particularly when they are most needed at the time of an acute attack. Furthermore, key warning signs of a deterioration in asthma control may be masked and the weaning plan may encourage the over-use and over-reliance on SABAs...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830101/treatment-shortening-regimens-for-tuberculosis-updates-and-future-priorities
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca Saluzzo, Victor Abiola Adepoju, Raquel Duarte, Christoph Lange, Patrick P J Phillips
In the past 2 years, remarkable advances have been made in shortening tuberculosis (TB) treatment. In particular, four clinical trials (Study 31/A5349, Nix-TB, ZeNix and TB-PRACTECAL) have provided evidence of the efficacy of regimens based on new and repurposed drugs: the 4-month regimen for drug-susceptible TB, and the 6-month bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid regimen with or without moxifloxacin for multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB. Even if the evidence at the basis of these new regimens is compelling, several questions remain open, particularly concerning linezolid dose finding, the upsurging threat of bedaquiline-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the feasibility of applying these results to the paediatric population...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830100/multidisciplinary-management-of-inducible-laryngeal-obstruction-and-breathing-pattern-disorder
#35
REVIEW
Siobhan Ludlow, Rachel Daly, Lynn Elsey, Helen Hope, Reyenna Sheehan, Stephen J Fowler
UNLABELLED: We provide an overview of the assessment and management of inducible laryngeal obstruction and breathing pattern disorder. We highlight the multidisciplinary team members involved and their essential roles within a complex breathlessness service. We discuss treatments initiated by physiotherapy and speech and language therapy, the importance of joint working, and discuss the high incidence of comorbidities and the association with other respiratory disorders. EDUCATIONAL AIMS: Inducible laryngeal obstruction and breathing pattern disorder are common causes of breathlessness...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830099/the-complexity-of-multidisciplinary-respiratory-care-in-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis
#36
REVIEW
David J Berlowitz, Susan Mathers, Karen Hutchinson, Anne Hogden, Kate A Carey, Marnie Graco, Brooke-Mai Whelan, Salma Charania, Frederik Steyn, Peter Allcroft, Ashley Crook, Nicole L Sheers
UNLABELLED: Motor neurone disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no known cure, where death is usually secondary to progressive respiratory failure. Assisting people with ALS through their disease journey is complex and supported by clinics that provide comprehensive multidisciplinary care (MDC). This review aims to apply both a respiratory and a complexity lens to the key roles and areas of practice within the MDC model in ALS. Models of noninvasive ventilation care, and considerations in the provision of palliative therapy, respiratory support, and speech and language therapy are discussed...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37732949/the-changing-face-of-the-modern-respiratory-clinician
#37
EDITORIAL
Brian D Kent
This issue of Breathe examines both the integral role multidisciplinary care has in managing respiratory disease, and the changing faces of the respiratory clinicians providing that care. https://bit.ly/47MsW5R.
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37719243/holistic-management-of-patients-with-progressive-pulmonary-fibrosis
#38
REVIEW
Ana Oliveira, Gaia Fabbri, Thomas Gille, Elena Bargagli, Boris Duchemann, Rachel Evans, Hilary Pinnock, Anne E Holland, Elisabetta Renzoni, Magnus Ekström, Steve Jones, Marlies Wijsenbeek, Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan, Guido Vagheggini
UNLABELLED: Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a complex interstitial lung disease that impacts substantially on patients' daily lives, requiring personalised and integrated care. We summarise the main needs of patients with PF and their caregivers, and suggest a supportive care approach. Individualised care, education, emotional and psychological support, specialised treatments, and better access to information and resources are necessary. Management should start at diagnosis, be tailored to the patient's needs, and consider end-of-life care...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37719242/add-on-therapy-for-pulmonary-fibrosis-a-forthcoming-era-with-implications-for-practice-the-bi-101550-and-relief-trials
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lurdes Planas-Cerezales, Laura Fabbri, Laurence Pearmain
UNLABELLED: The therapeutic landscape for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PFILD) is increasingly complex, with add-on antifibrotic options now in clinical trials, or available for patients progressing on first-line therapy in both conditions. Here, we review two recent trials of potential add-on therapeutic options, the BI 101550 and RELIEF trials. BI 101550 was a phase 2 randomised control trial (RCT) of a novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor in patients with IPF, with a primary end-point of change in forced vital capacity (ΔFVC) (in mL) at 12 weeks...
September 2023: Breathe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37719241/building-bridges-multidisciplinary-teams-in-tuberculosis-prevention-and-care
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
João Pedro Ramos, Mariana Vieira, Cátia Pimentel, Mariana Argel, Pedro Barbosa, Raquel Duarte
People with or affected by tuberculosis (TB) experience complex social and cultural constraints that may affect treatment outcomes by impeding access to proper care or by hindering treatment adherence. Low levels of health literacy which leads to inadequate disease information; stigma, discrimination and other forms of prejudice that may result in marginalisation and ostracisation; and socioeconomic vulnerabilities that hamper one's capacity to access essential goods or increase the risk of exposure to the disease are some of the barriers highlighted...
September 2023: Breathe
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