Radiologia Brasileira

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Coronary arteries originating from the contralateral (noncoronary) sinus and having an interarterial course, in which they run from the ascending aorta to the pulmonary trunk, is a potentially fatal anomaly. Computed tomography (CT) angiography facilitates the recognition and therapeutic planning of such anomalies because of its ability to acquire high-resolution images of the entire course of the coronary artery, as well as of the accompanying atherosclerotic involvement. The right coronary artery originating from the left coronary sinus is the most prevalent anomaly of this type and usually implies a better prognosis, the interarterial course being classified as "high" or "low", depending on whether it is above or below the level of the pulmonary valve, with consequent stratification of the risk and the treatment...

The term avascular necrosis describes any one of a number of bone diseases that have a common mechanism: the death of bone components due to lack of blood supply. Avascular necrosis can occur in diverse parts of the skeleton, each location-specific form not only receiving a distinct designation but also presenting unique epidemiologic characteristics. However, the imaging findings are similar in all of the forms, which pass through well-described radiological phases, regardless of the site of involvement. Because avascular necrosis can cause considerable morbidity if not properly detected and managed, the radiologist plays a fundamental role...

The rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is considered a high-risk surgical emergency, given the catastrophic consequences and high mortality rate. The objective of this pictorial essay is to illustrate the radiological signs that indicate rupture or imminent rupture. To that end, we describe cases treated at our facility and present a brief review of the literature on the topic. The clinical diagnosis of imminent AAA rupture can be difficult, because patients are usually asymptomatic or have nonspecific pain complaints...

Central nervous system malformations constitute the second most common group of anomalies in fetuses. Such malformations have assumed clinical importance because of their association with high rates of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is extremely important to assess the fetal central nervous system during the prenatal period, in order to identify any changes in its development and thereby gain sufficient information to advise parents about pregnancy follow-up, options for fetal therapy, and the timing/type of delivery, as well as the postnatal treatment and prognosis...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Objective: To evaluate the imaging findings of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) and computed tomography (CT) in patients with additional primary tumors, correlating the results with those of the method used in order to elucidate the diagnosis and of the pathology reports. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records, pathology reports and images of 11 patients who underwent CT, 18 F-FDG PET/CT, or both...

Objective: To emphasize the most appropriate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion protocol for the detection of lesions that cause transient global amnesia, in order to perform an accurate examination, as well as to determine the ideal time point after the onset of symptoms to perform the examination. Materials and Methods: We evaluated five patients with a diagnosis of transient global amnesia treated between 2012 and 2015. We analyzed demographic characteristics, clinical data, symptom onset, diffusion techniques, and radiological findings...

Objective: To evaluate progression rate of Bosniak category IIF complex renal cysts and the malignancy rate among surgically resected cysts. Materials and Methods: We performed a database search for complex renal cysts classified as Bosniak category IIF on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging between January 2008 and April 2016. Follow-up examinations (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) were used in order to evaluate progression (Bosniak category reclassification) and stability, the latter being defined as remaining stable for a minimum of six months...