Scientific Data

Road damage is a great threat to the service life and safety of roads, and the early detection of pavement damage can facilitate maintenance and repair. Street view images serve as a new solution for the monitoring of pavement damage due to their wide coverage and regular updates. In this study, a road pavement damage dataset, the Street View Image Dataset for Automated Road Damage Detection (SVRDD), was developed using 8000 street view images acquired from Baidu Maps. Based on these images, over 20,000 damage instances were visually recognized and annotated...

Uterine myomas are the most common pelvic tumors in women, which can lead to abnormal uterine bleeding, abdominal pain, pelvic compression symptoms, infertility, or adverse pregnancy. In this article, we provide a dataset named uterine myoma MRI dataset (UMD), which can be used for clinical research on uterine myoma imaging. The UMD is the largest publicly available uterine MRI dataset to date including 300 cases of uterine myoma T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) sagittal patient images and their corresponding annotation files...

This dataset was collected to study the functional consequences of age-related hearing loss for the auditory nerve, which carries acoustic information from the periphery to the central auditory system. Using high-impedance glass electrodes, raw voltage traces and spike times were recorded from more than one thousand single fibres of the auditory nerve of young-adult, middle-aged, and old Mongolian gerbils raised in a quiet environment. The dataset contains not only responses to simple acoustic stimuli to characterize the fibres, but also to more complex stimuli, such as speech logatomes in background noise and Schroeder-phase stimuli...

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a global health problem with severe consequences, leading to behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological disturbances. While consensus on treatments is still ongoing, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a promising approach for medication-resistant disorders, including substance use disorders. In this context, here we present the SUDMEX-TMS, a Mexican dataset from an rTMS clinical trial involving CUD patients. This longitudinal dataset comprises 54 CUD patients (including 8 females) with data collected at five time points: baseline (T0), two weeks (T1), three months (T2), six months (T3) follow-up, and twelve months (T4) follow-up...

The relatively short duration of available tide gauge records poses challenges for conducting comprehensive statistical analyses of storm surges in the Western North Pacific. To address this issue, we employ a convolutional neural network model to reconstruct the maximum daily storm surge at 160 tide gauges from 1900 to 2010 in the Western North Pacific. The reconstructed dataset serves multiple purposes. Firstly, it facilitates the identification of regions where notable changes in the storm surges have occurred in the past...

Diploid wild oat Avena longiglumis has nutritional and adaptive traits which are valuable for common oat (A. sativa) breeding. The combination of Illumina, Nanopore and Hi-C data allowed us to assemble a high-quality chromosome-level genome of A. longiglumis (ALO), evidenced by contig N50 of 12.68 Mb with 99% BUSCO completeness for the assembly size of 3,960.97 Mb. A total of 40,845 protein-coding genes were annotated. The assembled genome was composed of 87.04% repetitive DNA sequences. Dotplots of the genome assembly (PI657387) with two published ALO genomes were compared to indicate the conservation of gene order and equal expansion of all syntenic blocks among three genome assemblies...

Cotoneaster glaucophyllus is a semi-evergreen plant that blossoms in late summer, producing dense, attractive, fragrant white flowers with significant ornamental and ecological value. Here, a chromosome-scale genome assembly was obtained by integrating PacBio and Illumina sequencing data with the aid of Hi-C technology. The genome assembly was 563.3 Mb in length, with contig N50 and scaffold N50 values of ~6 Mb and ~31 Mb, respectively. Most (95.59%) of the sequences were anchored onto 17 pseudochromosomes (538...

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Natural products exhibit interesting structural features and significant biological activities. The discovery of new bioactive molecules is a complex process that requires high-quality metabolite profiling data to properly target the isolation of compounds of interest and enable their complete structural characterization. The same metabolite profiling data can also be used to better understand chemotaxonomic links between species. This Data Descriptor details a dataset resulting from the untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolite profiling of 76 natural extracts of the Celastraceae family...

Nighttime light remote sensing has been an increasingly important proxy for human activities. Despite an urgent need for long-term products and pilot explorations in synthesizing them, the publicly available long-term products are limited. A Night-Time Light convolutional LSTM network is proposed and applied the network to produce a 1-km annual Prolonged Artificial Nighttime-light DAtaset of China (PANDA-China) from 1984 to 2020. Assessments between modeled and original images show that on average the RMSE reaches 0...

CROPGRIDS is a comprehensive global geo-referenced dataset providing area information for 173 crops for the year 2020, at a resolution of 0.05° (about 5.6 km at the equator). It represents a major update of the Monfreda et al. (2008) dataset (hereafter MRF), the most widely used geospatial dataset previously available, covering 175 crops with reference year 2000 at 10 km spatial resolution. CROPGRIDS builds on information originally provided in MRF and expands it using 27 selected published gridded datasets, subnational data of 52 countries obtained from National Statistical Offices, and the 2020 national-level statistics from FAOSTAT, providing more recent harvested and crop (physical) areas for 173 crops at regional, national, and global levels...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has experienced remarkable advancements in the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for image acquisition and reconstruction. The availability of raw k-space data is crucial for training AI models in such tasks, but public MRI datasets are mostly restricted to DICOM images only. To address this limitation, the fastMRI initiative released brain and knee k-space datasets, which have since seen vigorous use. In May 2023, fastMRI was expanded to include biparametric (T2- and diffusion-weighted) prostate MRI data from a clinical population...

Skeletonema tropicum is a marine diatom of the genus Skeletonema that also includes many well-known species including S. marinoi. S. tropicum is a high temperature preferring species thriving in tropical ocean regions or temperate ocean regions during summer-autumn. However, mechanisms of ecological adaptation of S. tropicum remain poorly understood due partially to the lack of a high-quality whole genome assembly. Here, we report the first high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly for S. tropicum, using cutting-edge technologies including PacBio single molecular sequencing and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture...

This dataset represents a collection of pocket-centric structural data related to protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and PPI-related ligand binding sites. The dataset includes high-quality structural information on more than 23,000 pockets, 3,700 proteins on more than 500 organisms, and nearly 3500 ligands that can aid researchers in the fields of bioinformatics, structural biology, and drug discovery. It encompasses a diverse set of PPI complexes with more than 1,700 unique protein families including some with associated ligands, enabling detailed investigations into molecular interactions at the atomic level...

Widespread persistent contaminants are a global environmental problem. In the Baltic Sea, wildlife contamination was first noticed in the 1960s, prompting the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency to establish a comprehensive Swedish National Monitoring Programme for Contaminants in Marine Biota (MCoM) in 1978 run by the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Eight species have been analysed, four fish species (Atlantic herring, Atlantic cod, European perch, viviparous eelpout), one bivalve species (blue mussel), and egg from three bird species (common guillemot, common tern, Eurasian oystercatcher)...

The current challenge in effectively treating atrial fibrillation (AF) stems from a limited understanding of the intricate structure of the human atria. The objective and quantitative interpretation of the right atrium (RA) in late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) scans relies heavily on its precise segmentation. Leveraging the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for RA segmentation presents a promising solution. However, the successful implementation of AI in this context necessitates access to a substantial volume of annotated LGE-MRI images for model training...

Dynamical downscaling is vital for generating finer-scale climate projections. Recently, a set of simulations under four types of 1.5/2 °C global warming scenarios are available with Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Earth System Model (NESM). However, NESM3's bias in large-scale driving variables would degrade downscaled simulations. We corrected NESM3 bias in terms of climate mean and inter-annual variance against ERA5 using a novel bias correction method and then produced a set of bias-corrected datasets for dynamical downscaling...

Stag beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) represent a significant saproxylic assemblage in forest ecosystems and are noted for their enlarged mandibles and male polymorphism. Despite their relevance as ideal models for the study of exaggerated mandibles that aid in attracting mates, the regulatory mechanisms associated with these traits remain understudied, and restricted by the lack of high-quality reference genomes for stag beetles. To address this limitation, we successfully assembled the first chromosome-level genome of a representative species Dorcus hopei...

Modeling and predicting human mobility trajectories in urban areas is an essential task for various applications including transportation modeling, disaster management, and urban planning. The recent availability of large-scale human movement data collected from mobile devices has enabled the development of complex human mobility prediction models. However, human mobility prediction methods are often trained and tested on different datasets, due to the lack of open-source large-scale human mobility datasets amid privacy concerns, posing a challenge towards conducting transparent performance comparisons between methods...

Reef cores are a powerful tool for investigating temporal changes in reef communities. Radiometric dating facilitates the determination of vertical accretion rates, which has allowed for examination of local-regional controlling factors, such as subsidence and sea level changes. Coral reefs must grow at sufficient rates to keep up with sea level rise, or risk 'drowning.' As sea level is expected to rise significantly in the next 100 years and beyond, it is important to understand whether reefs will be able to survive...