Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

BACKGROUND: Increased femoral anteversion (FA) is reportedly associated with patellar dislocation (PD) and trochlear dysplasia (TD), and the increase in FA may occur at different segments of the femur. In addition, TD is associated with dysplasia of the posterior femoral condyle. Among patients with PD, whether FA is greater with or without TD remains unclear. PURPOSE: To explore differences in FA and torsion distribution at different femoral sections among patients with PD and TD, patients with PD and no TD, and sex- and age-matched controls and to investigate the association between FA and distal femoral morphology...

BACKGROUND: Fatty infiltration in the subscapularis muscle extends to the upper portion of the muscle first and then to the lower portion only after some degree of fatty change has taken place in the upper region. Although the Goutallier classification is the most widely used method to categorize fatty infiltration, how to accurately and reliably determine the extent of infiltration is controversial. PURPOSE: To examine a modified classification that is more reliable in (1) assessing fatty infiltration of the subscapularis muscle and (2) predicting the structural integrity of the repaired tendon by identifying cutoff points for retear...

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to frequent schedule changes, abbreviated seasons, and disrupted training at all levels of organized sports. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of sports-related injuries at a single National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I institution during the 2020 COVID lockdown season when compared with pre-COVID seasons. It was hypothesized that there would be an increase in the overall injury rate and an increase in the number of days missed because of injury during the 2020 season when compared with the previous seasons...

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the short-term clinical outcomes of rotator cuff repair (RCR) with all-suture anchors for medial row anchor fixation. PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical outcomes of double-row suture bridge RCR using a novel all-suture medial row anchor. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: We enrolled 179 patients before double-row suture bridge RCR (mean age at surgery, 60.0 years; 63% male patients) at a single institution...

BACKGROUND: During opening-wedge, high-tibial osteotomy (OWHTO), various methods of managing the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) can be performed to obtain a sufficient medial side opening. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of distal sMCL release during OWHTO. It was hypothesized that distal sMCL release would not cause valgus instability. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4...

BACKGROUND: In an earlier study, a scaffold-free tissue-engineered construct (TEC) derived from autologous synovial membrane mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was developed and demonstrated to be safe and effective for cartilage repair at 2 years postoperatively. PURPOSE: To investigate clinical outcomes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings at 5 years after implantation. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: This was an observational first-in-human study limited to 5 patients (age, 28-46 years) with symptomatic knee chondral lesions (size, 1...

BACKGROUND: Because rugby is a collision sport, it exposes players to a high risk of recurrence after anterior shoulder stabilization. Therefore, the choice of surgical procedure warrants close attention in order to optimize the time to return to sport and the stability of the shoulder throughout the player's career. HYPOTHESIS: The open Latarjet procedure would allow for a faster return to play and provide a lower rate of recurrence than the open Bankart repair at long-term follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Trends between the sexes have been reported regarding prevalence, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and complications of hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS), yet current results lack consensus. PURPOSE: To evaluate sex-based differences after HA for FAIS in (1) prevalence of cam and pincer morphology in FAIS and (2) PROs, pain scores, and postoperative complication rates. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4...

BACKGROUND: The Jobe test is commonly used to diagnose full-thickness (FT) supraspinatus (SSP) tendon tear. The original Jobe test used single-arm testing, although the double-arm Jobe test has also been used in clinical practice. PURPOSE: To evaluate the reliability, accuracy, and diagnostic value of the single-arm and double-arm Jobe test for diagnosis of FT SSP tear. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: Patients with shoulder pain requiring magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the shoulder between March 1, 2021, and March 31, 2022, were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Injury incidence is higher in the National Football League (NFL) than in other collision sports. Although previous research has identified that scheduling variations, including overseas games and bye week timing, does not affect concussion risk, data are currently lacking regarding the effects of scheduling variation on season-long musculoskeletal injury incidence. PURPOSE: To determine whether higher cumulative travel distance, overseas play, an early season bye week, and an expansion of the regular season is associated with higher injury rates in the NFL...

BACKGROUND: Performing meniscal repair with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has been shown to contribute to the long-term preservation of knee health and gait biomechanics. PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of meniscal repair in the performance of semiprofessional soccer players who returned to sport after ACLR. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: This study included 51 male soccer players (mean ± SD age, 28...

BACKGROUND: Kickoff plays in American football are associated with an increased risk of concussion compared with other play types. In 2018, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football Rules Committee altered the kickoff rules so a fair catch inside the 25-yard line results in a touchback, with the ensuing drive starting on the 25-yard line. The intention was to decrease the number of kickoff returns with a corresponding decrease in the rate of concussions on kickoff plays...

BACKGROUND: The optimal immobilization position of the shoulder after rotator cuff repair is controversial. PURPOSE: To compare the clinical outcomes and incidence of retears after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair between patients who used an abduction brace versus a sling for postoperative shoulder immobilization. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines...

BACKGROUND: Flexible ligamentous fixation has increased in popularity for the treatment of ligamentous Lisfranc injury, but the optimal fixation strategy is unclear. PURPOSE: To review the biomechanical, clinical, and radiographic results of ligamentous Lisfranc injuries treated with flexible fixation. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines...

BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the outcomes of posterior arthroscopic capsulolabral repair in adolescents, especially with regard to outcomes after revision repair. HYPOTHESIS: Adolescent athletes who undergo revision arthroscopic posterior unidirectional capsulolabral repair will have similar outcomes and return to play when compared with adolescent athletes who underwent primary arthroscopic posterior unidirectional capsulolabral repair. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3...

BACKGROUND: Regular walking in different types of footwear may increase the mediolateral shear force, knee adduction moment, or vertical ground-reaction forces that could increase the risk of early development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). PURPOSE: To compare kinematic and kinetic parameters that could affect the development of knee OA in 3 footwear conditions. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. METHODS: A total of 40 asymptomatic participants performed walking trials in the laboratory at self-selected walking speeds under barefoot (BF), minimalistic (MF), and neutral (NF) footwear conditions...

BACKGROUND: Clinical decision-making often relies on evidence-based medicine, derived from objective data with conventional and rigorous statistical tests to evaluate significance. The literature surrounding rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair (RCR) is conflicting, with no defined standard of practice. PURPOSE: To determine the fragility index (FI) and the fragility quotient (FQ) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating rehabilitation protocols after RCR...

BACKGROUND: Typically, shoulder range of motion (ROM) measurements are performed in a clinic setting, where physicians, physical therapists (PTs), and occupational therapists make use of a goniometer. PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of a smartphone-based ROM software application (app) in assessing active shoulder ROM and compare the measurements with traditional goniometry as measured by a PT. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2...

BACKGROUND: Patella alta is a risk factor for recurrent patellar instability. Differences in chondral injury in patients with patellar instability between patella alta and patella norma have not been evaluated. PURPOSE: To analyze whether preoperative cartilage damage differs in severity and location between patellar instability patients with and without patella alta. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Patients with patellar instability who underwent patellar realignment surgery at a single institution with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were included...

BACKGROUND: Up to 20% of shoulders with anterior instability are associated with superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions, and they remain untreated after an open Latarjet procedure. SLAP lesions can be responsible for pain and feelings of instability in high-demand patients. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to compare the early functional outcomes and return to sport rates in athletes after the Latarjet procedure with versus without associated SLAP lesions...