Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

BACKGROUND: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction has received a unique level of attention in the press and social media. There has also been an increasing use of the internet by patients to seek medical information. Concern exists regarding the quality and comprehensibility of online information when used for patient education. PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality and comprehensibility of the most-viewed YouTube videos related to the diagnosis and management of UCL injuries...

BACKGROUND: Medicare reimbursement is rapidly declining in many specialties. An in-depth analysis of Medicare reimbursement for routinely performed diagnostic imaging procedures in the United States is warranted. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Medicare reimbursement trends for the 20 most common lower extremity imaging procedures performed between 2005 and 2020, including radiographs, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...

BACKGROUND: The joint position sense (JPS) is an element of proprioception and defined as an individual's ability to recognize joint position in space. The JPS is assessed by measuring the acuity of reproducing a predetermined target angle. The quality of psychometric properties of knee JPS tests after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is uncertain. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of a passive knee JPS test in patients who underwent ACLR...

BACKGROUND: Pitch count recommendations are used to reduce injury risk in youth baseball pitchers and are based chiefly on expert opinion, with limited scientific support. Furthermore, they only account for pitches thrown against a hitter and do not include the total number of throws on the day a player pitched. Currently, counts are recorded manually. PURPOSE: To provide a method using a wearable sensor to quantify total throws per game that is compliant with Little League Baseball rules and regulations...

BACKGROUND: The extent to which concomitant osteotomy provides an improvement in clinical outcomes after cartilage repair procedures is unclear. PURPOSE: To review the existing literature to compare clinical outcomes of patients undergoing cartilage repair of the tibiofemoral joint with versus without concomitant osteotomy. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines by searching PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify studies that directly compared outcomes between cartilage repair of the tibiofemoral joint alone (group A) versus cartilage repair with concomitant osteotomy (high tibial osteotomy [HTO] or distal femoral osteotomy [DFO]) (group B)...

BACKGROUND: There is a dearth of information related to shoulder and elbow overuse injuries in Asian overhead youth athletes. PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and severity of shoulder and elbow overuse injuries, as well as their associated factors, among competitive overhead youth athletes in Singapore. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: Participants completed a survey consisting of 4 multiple-choice questions and 1 open-ended question...

BACKGROUND: The remnant preservation of a primary vertical graft in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) can benefit anteroposterior stability. However, studies that address this concept are rare. PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical outcomes of remnant preservation of primary vertical graft in revision ACLR. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: A total of 74 patients with revision ACLR were included in this retrospective study...

BACKGROUND: The rates of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft failure or contralateral ACL rupture range from 17% to 30% in pediatric patients after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). A contributing factor to the high reinjury rate in this population may be the limited evidence regarding appropriate criteria for allowing unrestricted return to activity (RTA) postoperatively. PURPOSE: To review the literature and identify the most commonly used criteria when determining unrestricted RTA after ACLR in pediatric patients...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to estimate the quantity of tissue provided for fresh osteochondral allograft (FOCA) in the knee. Use of 3-dimensional (3D) MRI modeling software for this purpose may improve defect assessment, providing a more accurate estimate of osteochondral allograft tissue required and eliminating the possibility of acquiring an inadequate quantity of tissue for transplant surgery. PURPOSE: To evaluate the capacity of damage assessment (DA) 3D MRI modeling software to preoperatively estimate the osteochondral allograft surface area used in surgery...

BACKGROUND: Medial meniscal extrusion (MME) has received significant interest because of its correlation with medial meniscus root tears (MMRTs), its potential as a diagnostic tool, and its significance in the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). PURPOSE: To (1) evaluate if MMRTs significantly increase MME compared with nonroot tears (NRTs) and no tears and (2) determine the clinical outcomes of increased MME. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4...

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament rupture represents a career-threatening injury for professional soccer players. PURPOSE: To analyze the pattern of injury, return to play (RTP), and performance of a consecutive series of elite professional soccer players after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: We evaluated the medical records of 40 consecutive elite soccer players who underwent ACLR by a single surgeon between September 2018 and May 2022...

BACKGROUND: All-suture anchors have been used for primary arthroscopic Bankart repair because of their ability to minimize initial bone loss. PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of using all-suture anchors in revision arthroscopic labral repair after failed Bankart repair. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: Enrolled in this study were 28 patients who underwent revision arthroscopic labral repair with all-suture anchors after a failed primary arthroscopic Bankart repair...

BACKGROUND: In recreational alpine skiing, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is affected in approximately 50% of serious knee injuries. There are established sex-based and skill-based differences in ACL injury risk, but the potential impact of equipment used (eg, skis, bindings, and boots) has not been evaluated. PURPOSE: To evaluate individual and equipment-related risk factors for an ACL injury depending on sex and skill level. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3...

BACKGROUND: Shoulder injuries are very common in athletes playing in the National Basketball Association (NBA). With increasing injury video uploads available online, we may be able to identify and systematically describe the mechanism of these injuries in these athletes. PURPOSE: To (1) determine the validity of video-based analysis to evaluate mechanisms of shoulder injuries in NBA players during the 2010-2020 seasons and (2) report on commonly sustained injuries, circumstances associated with injury, and number of games missed owing to injury...

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using the complete tibial tunnel technique and adjustable-loop cortical suspensory fixation is known to leave a "dead space" that holds the loop device in the tibial tunnel. The consequence of the dead space and its effect on graft healing are still uncertain. PURPOSE: To investigate morphological changes in the tibial tunnel and their effect on graft healing, and to identify factors affecting bone healing in the tibial loop tunnel after ACLR with a quadrupled semitendinosus tendon autograft using adjustable suspensory fixation...

BACKGROUND: Some studies have suggested that running increases the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA), while others believe it serves a protective function. PURPOSE: To perform an updated systematic review of the literature to determine the effects of running on the development of knee OA. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: A systematic review was performed by searching the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to identify studies evaluating the effect of cumulative running on the development of knee OA or chondral damage based on imaging and/or patient-reported outcomes (PROs)...

BACKGROUND: The risk of cyclops syndrome increases significantly after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) if complete extension is not recovered before the sixth postoperative week. The lockdown in France due to the COVID-19 pandemic led to an absence of supervised rehabilitation, requiring unexpected self-rehabilitation in patients who underwent ACLR just before lockdown. PURPOSE: To determine the rate of cyclops syndrome after ACLR in patients who underwent self-rehabilitation during lockdown...

BACKGROUND: Suprascapular nerve (SSN) entrapment in volleyball players leads to infraspinatus (ISP) muscle atrophy and weakness of abduction and external rotation (ER) of the shoulder. PURPOSE: To assess functional outcome after arthroscopic extended decompression of SSN in the spinoglenoid notch and suprascapular notch in a group of volleyball athletes. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: Volleyballers who underwent arthroscopic SSN decompression were analyzed retrospectively...

BACKGROUND: The pattern of glenoid bone loss (GBL) in anterior glenohumeral instability is well described. It was recognized recently that posterior GBL after instability has a posteroinferior pattern. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to compare GBL patterns in a matched cohort of patients with anterior versus posterior glenohumeral instability. The hypothesis was that the GBL pattern in posterior instability would be more inferior than the GBL pattern in anterior instability...

BACKGROUND: No consensus exists regarding the superiority of operative versus nonoperative management for Achilles tendon ruptures, as multiple randomized controlled trials conducted since the advent of early mobilization protocols have found outcomes for these 2 interventions to be more similar than were previously held. PURPOSE: To use a large national database to (1) compare reoperation and complication rates between operative and nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures and (2) evaluate trends in treatment and cost over time...