Annals of Neurosciences

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is typified by inflammation of dopaminergic neurons leading to the release of various inflammatory mediators. These mediators activate the transcription factor NF-κB, which in turn activates inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), leading to increased inflammation. PURPOSE: This study was intended to study the effect of combination of mangiferin, a specific inhibitor of NF-κB with low-dose nitric oxide (NO) modulators...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is associated with improved brain health and cognition in humans. However, the validity, range, and quality of evidence for the beneficial outcomes linked to exercise in experimental models of vascular dementia (VaD) have not been evaluated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of exercise intervention on models of VaD to provide an unbiased and comprehensive determination of the cognitive function and brain morphology benefits of exercise...

BACKGROUND: Currently, wearable sensors significantly impact health care through continuous monitoring and event prediction. The types and clinical applications of wearable technology for the prevention of mental illnesses, as well as associated health authority rules, are covered in the current review. SUMMARY: The technologies behind wearable ECG monitors, biosensors, electronic skin patches, neural interfaces, retinal prosthesis, and smart contact lenses were discussed...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Meditation using the "OM" mantra is the most widely used practice in India. Though reports have been published about the relaxation effect during both verbal "OM" chanting and listening to "OM" chanting, there is a paucity of literature concerning the cortical areas activated/deactivated after verbal "OM" chanting and listening to "OM" chanting using quantitative electro-encephalography (qEEG). PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of verbal "OM" chanting and listening to "OM" chanting on cortical sources as compared to baseline, as assessed by qEEG...

BACKGROUND: Indian females have been objectified since time immemorial. The ancient Indian texts and architecture have numerous instances of sexual objectification of females. In the present time, self-objectification in girls is evident from the increasing popularity of apps like Photoshop, the rise in the makeup industry, plastic and cosmetic surgeries, and so on. This is especially relevant for females across the globe and leads to huge negative effects on women's identities. PURPOSE: The aim of the present study is to assess and compare the levels of body surveillance (self-objectification), body shaming, and control beliefs in adolescent girls from co-educational schools and all-girls schools...

BACKGROUND: Family caregivers of individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) face significant challenges that can impact their well-being, coping abilities, and cognitive functioning. However, the empowerment of these caregivers often goes unnoticed, highlighting the need for supportive interventions. PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a one-on-one intervention program for family caregivers of SUD patients using pre-test and post-test assessments...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: A number of clinical trials have compared tenecteplase (TNK) and alteplase for the management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and the results are inconsistent. PURPOSE: Present systematic review and meta-analysis is undertaken to analyse the efficacy and safety of TNK in AIS compared to alteplase. SUMMARY: A thorough literature search was performed through the databases Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and clinicaltrials.gov, for a period from inception to September 2022, with the keywords i...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) has a genetic predisposition and it also impairs microcirculation, thereby, affecting the well vascularized structures like the brainstem and causing changes in Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs). PURPOSE: To find out the usefulness of BAEPs as a screening tool in apparently healthy individuals with a family history of HTN. METHODS: One hundred and ten volunteers, aged 17 to 23 years, were enrolled in the study as participants with proper consent...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a global health concern affecting around 2.6 million people. It is characterised by neural inflammation, myelin breakdown and cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment, especially reduced cognitive processing speed (CPS), which affects up to 67% of MS patients and frequently manifests before mobility concerns, is one of the disease's most serious side effects. Effective adaptation and the application of cognitive rehabilitation treatments depend on the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment...

BACKGROUND: Family interaction plays a pivotal role in the overall well-being of each member of a family unit. It is foreseeable that a family caring for an individual with a mental or physical health condition could experience negative family interactions for various reasons. Expressed emotion refers to the family environment based on the relatives' interaction with the individual diagnosed with a specific illness. Expressed emotion in the families of a person with any form of mental condition could pose potential psychological distress and burden to family members, notably the primary caregivers...

BACKGROUND: Professional world nowadays is very competitive, and surviving the cutthroat competition while sustaining work-related stress and pressure is an important task for employees. Professionals are required to meet daily and monthly objectives and may encounter work-related stressors. PURPOSE: The study aims to explore occupational stress among middle-aged professionals in the age range of 45-60 years from the marketing, banking, and teaching sectors. METHODS: A total sample of 180 consented middle-aged professionals in the age range of 45-60 years from the banking, teaching, and marketing sectors were included in the study using a purposive and snowball sampling technique...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Working memory (WM) is one of the most influential cognitive functions in encoding, registering, and retrieving information. It influences the learning process in children. Its role becomes essential, especially in a child with a learning disability (LD). Researchers worldwide are giving much prominence to WM, especially in devising cognitive retraining strategies for better cognitive functioning and academic attainment in these children. This current study aims to explore globally used instruments to measure this construct and review effective WM training models in the cognitive rehabilitation of children with LD...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Consumer behavior research and neurology are combined in the emerging discipline of neuromarketing. Neuromarketing is considered to be one of emerging field to study how consumer's brain reacts to advertisement and other brand's message by observing brainwave, eye, and skin response. The current study examined the emerging field of constructs of neuromarketing like social, attention, technology, and emotions to examine Indian consumer's buying behavior. PURPOSE: To study the validity and reliability of constructs of neuromarketing that examines consumer's buying behavior among Indian consumers...

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has brought many hurdles, and people have had to adjust to new ways. The online class was one such adjustment. Students in health science and engineering streams have more practical learning than theory. The online classes halted the normal teaching-learning processes and brought in unique set of difficulties which was a challenge to both the teacher and the student. PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to understand the effect of online learning on achievement motivation among health sciences and engineering students during the COVID-19 pandemic and to find out if there is a significant difference across gender, age, type of internet connectivity, and rural/urban areas...