Journal of Family & Reproductive Health

OBJECTIVE: During the COVID-19 pandemic, burnout of healthcare workers, including anesthetists, has become a critical issue. This study aimed to provide a practical framework for decreasing and preventing burnout among anesthesiology residents through preserving their good mental health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Since the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak, anesthesiology residents have been members of medical teams with the attending staff, senior residents, and partner residents...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate and identify the psychosocial factors that are associated with paternal postpartum depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A longitudinal correlation study with 150 fathers was performed with three time frames (late pregnancy, postpartum, and four weeks postpartum). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale assessed those with depression (38.7%; n=58) and those without depressive symptoms (61.3%; n=92). Psychological variables related to paternal depression were also assessed through questionnaires...

The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the reciprocal correlation between melatonin through the brain's central clock management on sleep-wake behavior in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Biological clocks are genetically programmed physiological systems that permit organisms to live in harmony with natural rhythms. The most important function of a biological clock is to regulate overt circadian biological rhythms. Circadian rhythms orchestrate the body's rhythmic physiologic functions like sleep-wake and menstruation cycle...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding menstrual cups use and the factors associated with it among females of the reproductive age group in an urban setting of South Kerala. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study from December 2021 to January 2022 among females of the reproductive age group. Data was entered in MS Excel and was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26.0...

OBJECTIVE: Studies on the sexual consequences of female genital mutilation is mostly related to sexual function, while sexual quality of life is a more objective criterion for studying the effects of genital mutilation on the women's sexual life. The purpose of this study was to compare the sexual quality of life and marital relationship in the mutilated women with other women living in the Kurd region of Mahabad (Iran). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a case-control study, 600 married women (300 mutilated and 300 non-mutilated women) who referred to the health centers completed the sexual quality of life questionnaire (SQOL-F) as well as demographic questionnaires...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PPPD in Anuradhapura district, its association with maternal PPD, and relevant risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross sectional study was conducted among fathers in Anuradhapura district having infants 1-5 months by giving questionnaire specifically developed for the study with Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) and self-constructed questions. Out of 6324 fathers, 435 fathers and their partners were randomly selected and proportionately allocated to 5 Medical Officer of Health (MOH) areas...

OBJECTIVE: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study aimed to figure out whether maternal serum vitamin D concentration correlates with cervical length measurement in mid-gestation or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During Jun-Jan 2021, 213 pregnant women at 18-22 weeks of gestation were investigated. First, demographic features were obtained then, maternal serum vitamin D concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay and cervical length was measured via transvaginal sonography according to fetal maternal foundation guideline and appropriate statistical test was used to analyze the correlation between maternal vitamin D level and cervical length in mid-pregnancy...

OBJECTIVE: Breaking bad news to the patient is challenging, especially for the physicians and the residents, due to the lack of structured and practical training. This study aimed to design and evaluate a novel virtual instructional design for improving obstetrics and gynecology (Ob/Gyn) residents breaking bad news skills. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Virtual instructional design was performed based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) from September 2020 to July 2021 at the Department of Ob/Gyn, a referral hospital affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran...

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the trend of effect of prior caesarean delivery (CD) on obstetric outcomes; and to investigate the existence of a threshold for order of CD associated with geometrical increase in complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 942 parturients who undergone CD between June 2012 and May 2015 in a teaching hospital in Nigeria. The participants were stratified by the order of caesarean deliveries...

OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common cause of infertility and endocrine disorder among women due to anovulation. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of chamomile on oligomenorrhea and hirsutism symptoms as well as hormonal parameters among patients suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study is a randomized clinical trial performed on 70 patients with diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome according to Rotterdam criteria referring to the infertility clinic of a university hospital...

Objective: Vaginal births are associated with a certain degree of trauma to the genital tract, with significant short-term and long-term morbidity. Awareness of morbidity following perineal trauma has led to application of different interventions during the late first stage and second stage of labour to prevent severe perineal trauma. This includes techniques such as perineal massage, warm and cold compresses, and perineal management techniques. Objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of perineal massage during the late first stage and second stage of labour on the rate of episiotomy and risk of perineal trauma...

Objective: Worldwide, preeclampsia (PE) is a multifactorial disorder reported in 2-5% of pregnancies, which increases mortality during pregnancy. In general, 10-15% of maternal deaths are directly related to PE and eclampsia. One of the susceptibility genes for PE is tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expressed by most immune cells. TNF-α is a protein involved in various biological processes, including proliferation and apoptosis, as well as the expression of inflammatory genes. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of TNF-α single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -308G/A (rs1800629) and their relationship with TNF-α in PE patients...

Objective: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the first-line treatment in couples suffering from various causes of subfertility and infertility. Considering the relatively low rate of pregnancy achieved with each cycle in this method, optimizing various steps in the process including the time interval from sperm collection to IUI may result in an increased rate of success. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of time intervals from the end of sperm processing to IUI (SP-IUI) on the pregnancy rate in IUI...

Objective: The transgender male body is often considered a "black box" by even the most senior of attending physicians. Because of the stigma and fear associated with the utilization of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) and the lack of clinical knowledge surrounding the subject, many transgender men will experience unnecessary testing for endometrial cancers. Materials and methods: This narrative review looked through publicly available PubMed and GoogleScholar articles on the topic of the use of pelvic ultrasounds in gynecological screening in transgendered males...

Objective: Umbilical cord hematoma and uterine torsion are extremely rare complications in pregnancy. However, these should not be neglected in clinical practice in condition of abnormal fetal heart monitoring without others suspects. We hereby report rare case of umbilical cord hematoma and uterine torsion as well as review the literature. Through this report, we aim to mention on an available tool to investigate spontaneous umbilical cord hematoma on fetal well-being in such a case. Case report : A women aged 35 years old (G1P0) admitted to our hospital for term gestation with uncomplicated pregnancy, except large uterine fibroid accompanied with cervical pessary...

Objective: Primary malignant urethral melanoma is a rare condition, concerning less than 1% of melanomas and 4% of all urethral cancers. The early treatment of urethral melanoma is extremely important due to the tendency to early metastasis. Case report : 88-year-old Caucasian lady presented vaginal bleeding. At first Gynaecological examination an urethral caruncle with otherwise normal trans-vaginal ultrasound was diagnosed. The patient not reassured asked for a second consultation opting to remove the reddish fleshy polypoid lesion protruding from the urethra...

Objective: Spontaneous abortion is one of the most common problems which a woman may encounter during her pregnancy which is one of the most important causes of maternal death. Therefore, the aim of this study was to report the epidemiological features of spontaneous abortion in North Africa and the Middle East (NAME) countries. Materials and methods: The study population included 21 countries in the NAME region with a population of more than 600 million. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database was used...

Objective: To compare the efficacy of intracervical dinoprostone gel and hyaluronidase injection for induction of labour in term primigravida. Materials and methods: This is a hospital based analytical prospective interventional study conducted in a rural tertiary care centre over a period of 18 months. A total of 70 patients who required induction of labour for one or another reason with Bishop score of less than 6 were included in the study. All the cases were randomly divided into two groups, Group A received dinoprostone gel and Group B received hyaluronidase injection...

Objective: To investigate the effect of cold plasma on Staphylococcus aureus destruction at different treatment times. Materials and methods: Staphylococcus aureus was cultured on 4 plates of LB Agar medium each at 1.5 × 103 CFU / mL (colony-forming unit per milliliter) and one group was selected as the control group and the other 3 groups were treated with plasma for 5, 7 and 10 minutes. They were incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C. Finally, the number of colonies formed was counted. Results: It was shown that treatment with cold atmospheric plasma significantly reduced bacterial colonies and in comparison to the control plate with a colony count of 1...

Objective: Due to the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, which causes stress and threatens health, especially in vulnerable groups including pregnant women, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of individual counseling on the pregnant women's stress of Covid-19. Materials and methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 66 pregnant women in 24 to 28 weeks were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (33 participants) and control (33 participants). At the beginning of the study, both groups completed the questionnaires of demographic information and pandemic related pregnancy test...