Tanaffos

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic is considered a major health problem all over the world which has caused extensive and worldwide mortality and morbidities along with vast economic and political impact. Limitations of our knowledge and controversies in treatment modalities make the control and management of this disease more difficult. The status of electrolytes especially Mg and Zn in plasma and its correlation with the clinical situation and criteria for recovery has been investigated in various studies...

BACKGROUND: Bronchoscopy is one of the most accurate procedures to diagnose airway stenosis which is an invasive procedure. However, a quick and noninvasive estimation of the percent area of obstruction (%AO) of the lumen is helpful in decision-making before performing a bronchoscopy procedure. We hypothesized that there is a relationship between %AO and tracheal resistance against fluid flow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By measuring airway resistance, %AO could be estimated before the procedure...

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic with a significant negative impact on health worldwide. Although it primarily involves the respiratory tract system, cardiovascular complications, particularly thrombotic events are increasingly reported and are associated with adverse outcomes. CASE SUMMARY: We describe a 30-year-old male who presented with exaggerated dyspnea and hypoxia with mild constitutional symptoms along with a positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2...

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BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by abnormal and permanent bronchial constriction that leads to sputum production and bronchial infection. The current study was done to evaluate the effects of symbiotic probiotics on the clinical manifestations and exacerbation of bronchiectasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 26 patients in the placebo group (A) and 24 patients in the probiotic group (B) were allocated. In group A, patients took the placebo capsules two times daily for six months...

BACKGROUND: The role of caffeine as a brain stimulant in improving the respiratory characteristics of patients under mechanical ventilation is unclear. This study aimed at determining the effect of oral caffeine in helping to release (Liberation) from the ventilator in intubated patients under mechanical ventilation admitted to the intensive care unit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: General ICU patients with more than 48 hours of dependency on a ventilator were randomly divided into two groups...

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common pulmonary diseases. The current therapeutic outcomes are not satisfactory and may cause adverse events such as cardiovascular complications. In this study, we aimed to discuss some effective medicinal herbs for the management of COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this review, we looked for effective medicinal herbs for productive cough with thick and sticky mucus in Persian medicine sources such as Qanoon fi al-Teb, Exir Azam, and Zakhire Kharazmshahi...

BACKGROUND: Achieving procedural skills is one of the pillars of health higher education which is in line with the social responsibility of medical education. Since it is not possible to encounter important cases in bronchoscopy during the training course, the common cases that the students encounter in their future work environment were prepared as an educational video. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find out the impact of using bronchoscopy educational video intervention on medical assistants' knowledge, skill, and medical error comparing it with the traditional method at Dr...

BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an inflammatory pulmonary disorder with systemic inflammatory manifestations. This study aims to identify the profile of systemic inflammatory markers in the different phenotypes of COPD to help predict the disease and identify suitable treatment options. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted on 92 patients with COPD admitted to Victoria Hospital, Bangalore between August 2021 to December 2021...

BACKGROUND: Positivity of cardiac troponins is common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and may serve as an additional risk stratification tool in everyday clinical settings. Since patients with elevated troponins have a higher risk of in-hospital mortality, troponins have prognostic importance. As well as in-hospital mortality, high-sensitive troponin T may reflect 4-month mortality. We analyzed the relationship between cardiac troponin T levels and 4-month mortality of COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was conducted as a retrospective cross-sectional study in Health Sciences University Dr...

BACKGROUND: Since last decade, a device called PAKDAM (means clean inspiration) was invented in Iran which has been used in some cafe to prepare N2 O and O2 as a new instrument instead of using water pipe. This study aimed to evaluate the respiratory and health effects of Pakdam and investigate its short and midterm side effects in users. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a case-control pilot study between September 2021 and March 2022, 152 individuals were divided into two groups: 76 consumers (case) and 76 non- consumers (control)...

BACKGROUND: The current study aimed to assess some parameters of the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) among end-stage renal disease patients who underwent dialysis. The ultimate goal is to improve disease management to achieve optimal quality of life and exercise capacity in this group of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through a cross-sectional design, the current study enrolled 46 dialysis patients by simple sampling between Jan 2019 and Jan 2020. Some CPET parameters such as AT, VO2 , VO2 /kg, SPO2 , minute ventilation CO2 production/O2 consumption ratios (VE/VCO2 and VE/VO2 , respectively), O2 pulse, heart rate reserve (HRR), breathing reserve (BR) and end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO2 ) were focused...

Nonspecific clinical features and imaging findings of COVID-19 may lead to misdiagnosis with other diseases that have specific risks and treatments. Here a patient is reported with Pneumocystis Pneumonia with an undiagnosed HIV disease who was treated for COVID-19 with no response after one week. COVID-19 was diagnosed by CT findings but PCR was negative. Further evaluation for ground glass opacities confirmed AIDS and clinical response to Pneumocystis Pneumonia treatment.

BACKGROUND: One of the most common reasons for mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is lung infections, among which Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Pa ) infection has the largest share. Diagnosis of Pa can be assessed by various methods such as sputum culture results and IgG antibody level via measuring the specific anti- Pa antibodies. This study aimed to select the best predictive technique in the diagnosis of Pa in CF patients through spirometry, sputum culture, and serum IgG antibody levels...

BACKGROUND: In severe COVID-19 cases, a hypercoagulable state may occur. Antiphospholipid syndrome-related auto-antibodies (APSRAs) contribute to coagulopathy, but their role in COVID- 19 remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of positive APSRAs and their effect on clinical outcomes in confirmed COVID-19 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, severe hospitalized COVID-19 cases were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the day of admission...

BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis is a chronic and progressive genetic disease with a worldwide prevalence. As the disease progresses, symptoms develop, and make its management more challenging. Accumulating evidence suggests that early diagnosis of CF can significantly contribute to preventing reported nutritional problems including anemia, vitamin deficiencies, and hypoalbuminemia. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess disease severity in cystic fibrosis patients using the Shwachman-Kulczycki score, as well as to determine its relation with anemia and vitamin D deficiency...

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerged disease with many unknown facets, so both the treatment and the cause of spreading this disease have remained mysterious so far. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the information of 4372 patients with COVID-19 referring to Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, the time-dependent changes in COVID-19 severity were investigated in this study using correlation analysis. RESULTS: According to the results of this study, on average 154...

Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein- 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a critical component of the innate immune system. The inflammasome activation is correlated with the COVID- 19 severity. Furthermore, the underlying conditions are accompanied by hyperactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome and poor outcomes. Herein, we presented the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenies of SARS-CoV-2-induced multiorgan dysfunction and potential therapeutics. Overexpression of NLRP3 inflammasome components and subsequently increased levels of cytokines following viral infection leads to the cytokine storm and indirectly affects the organ functions...

BACKGROUND: The problem issue of coronaviruses is one of the most serious problems in the world. The present study aimed to investigate and describe the clinical characteristics, risk factors of fatality rate, and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19 in Mazandaran province. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this epidemiological study, data from COVID-19 patients admitted to hospitals in Mazandaran province from July 22 to August 21, 2020, were reported. Multivariate logistic regression methods and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to determine the risk factors of fatality...

We aimed to review the literature to introduce some effective plant-derived antioxidants to prevent and treat COVID-19. Natural products from plants are excellent sources to be used for such discoveries. Among different plant-derived bioactive substances, components including luteolin, quercetin, glycyrrhizin, andrographolide, patchouli alcohol, baicalin, and baicalein were investigated for several viral infections as well as SARS-COV-2. The mechanisms of effects detected for these agents were related to their antiviral activity through inhibition of viral entry and/or suppuration of virus function...