Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the performance and meat quality of lambs fed diets containing four levels of substitution (0, 33, 67, and 100 %) of soybean meal for detoxified castor meal (CM). Methods: Twenty-four sheep (18.5 ± 2.71 kg initial body weight) were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. Results: The intakes of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy were not affected (p > 0...

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of dietary essential oils (EOs) on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum metabolite profiles of broiler chickens and to compare their effectiveness as growth-promoting additives against antibiotics. Methods: Peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google scholar and selected based on pre-determined criteria. A total of 41 articles containing 55 experiments with 163 treatment units were eligible for analyses...

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the productive performance, carcass yield, size of digestive organs and nutrient utilization in Mexican Creole chickens, using four diets with different concentrations of metabolizable energy (ME, kcal/kg) and crude protein (CP, %). Methods: Two hundred thirty-six chickens, coming from eight incubation batches, were randomly distributed to four experimental diets with the following ME/CP ratios: 3000/20, 2850/19, 2700/18 and 2550/17...

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the replacement of degummed soybean oil (DSO) by acid soybean oil (ASO) in diets with or without the inclusion of emulsifier on broiler performance, relative organ weight, lipase activity, intestinal morphometry, and nutrient digestibility. Methods: A total of 704 1-day-old male broiler chicks were allotted to a 2 x 2 completely randomized factorial design (with or without emulsifier x two lipid sources - ASO and DSO), with eight replicates and 22 birds each...

Objective: Transgenic hens hold a great promise for the production of various valuable protein. Through virus transduction into stage X embryo, the transgene expression under the control of constructed chicken ovalbumin promoters has been successfully achieved. However, absence of the validation system that can evaluate differently developed ovalbumin promoters in in vitro, remains to be overcome. Methods: In the present study, chicken oviduct epithelial cells (cOECs) were isolated from oviduct tissue and shortly cultured with keratinocyte complete medium supplemented with chicken serum...

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to provide a new approach for evaluating feed nutritional value by metabolizable glucose (MG) in piglet diets with different levels of starch and crude fiber. In Exp. 1, a regression equation for MG was generated. In Exp. 2, the equation was verified, and the optimal growth performance of piglets under appropriate MG levels was tested. Methods: In Exp. 1, 20 weaned piglets (7.74±0.81 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments, including the basal diet containing different levels of MG (starch: 25...

Objective: Astaxanthin is a natural super antioxidant. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of astaxanthin rich Phaffia rhodozyma (PR) supplementation in diets on laying production performance, egg quality, antioxidant defenses and immune defenses in laying hens. Methods: A total of five hundred and twelve 60-week-old Lohmann Brown laying hens (2243±12 g) were randomly assigned to four groups, each including 4 replicates with 32 birds per replicate...

Objective: A study was conducted to determine the physicochemical quality and consumer acceptability of beef frankfurter-type sausages formulated with pecan nut paste and Mexican oregano oil (MO) of two varieties, Poliomintha longiflora Gray or Lippia berlandieri. Methods: Frankfurters were processed under six treatment conditions: control (10.67% pork fat), MOP (control + 0.01% MOP), MOL (control + 0.01% MOL), MOP-N (control + 0.01% MOP + 6% pecan nut paste), MOL-N (control + 0...

Objective: Ruminants are completely dependent on their microbiota for rumen fermentation, feed digestion, and consequently, their metabolism for productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the rumen bacteria of lactating yaks with different milk protein yields, using high-throughput sequencing technology, in order to understand the influence of these bacteria on milk production. Methods: Yaks with similar high milk protein yield (high milk yield and high milk protein content, HH; n = 12) and low milk protein yield (low milk yield and low milk protein content, LL; n = 12) were randomly selected from 57 mid-lactation yaks...

Objectives: The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in host physiology, metabolism, immunity, and behavior. And host genetics could influence the gut microbiota of hybrid animals. The three-way cross model is commonly utilized in commercial pig production; however, the effects of this model on the gut microbial composition are rarely reported. Methods: Two three-way hybrid pigs were selected, with Saba pigs as the starting maternal pig: Duroc × (Berkshire × Saba) (DBS) pig, Berkshire × (Duroc × Saba) (BDS) pig...

Objective: This study investigates the expression patterns of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and intracellular mediators in horse muscle cells after exercise, and the relationship between TLRS expression in stressed horse muscle cells and immune cell migration toward these. Methods: The expression patterns of the TLRs (TLR2, TLR4 and TLR8) and downstream signaling pathway-related genes (Myeloid differentiation primary response 88, MYD88; Activating transcription factor 3, ATF3) are examined in horse tissues, and horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and muscles in response to exercise, using the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)...

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine whether ERβ regulates cell proliferation, steroidogenesis, autophagy and signalling pathways in bovine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro. Methods: In this study, bovine ovarian granulosa cells (BGCs) were cultured and transfected with ERβ siRNA (si-ERβ) or a plasmid overexpressing ERβ (oe-ERβ), and CCK-8 kit was used to assess cell proliferation. Real-time PCR was used to measure gene transcription. Western blotting was used to measure protein expression, and a specific kit was used to measure the production of steroid hormones...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the facial surface temperature (FST) of laying hens through infrared thermal imaging technology in response to the variations in their thermal environment, and to identify the regional differences in FST aiming the detection of the most stable and reliable facial regions for monitoring of thermoregulatory status in chickens. Methods: Thirty Hy-Line Brown hens (25-week-old) were sequentially exposed to three different thermal conditions; optimal (OT, 22±2°C), low (LT, 10±4°C), and high temperature (HT, 30±2°C)...

Objective: This study was aimed to establish a quantitative detection method for meat contamination based on specific polypeptides. Methods: Thermally stable peptides with good responses were screened by high resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Standard curves of specific polypeptide were established by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Finally, the adulteration of commercial samples was detected according to the standard curve. Results: Fifteen thermally stable peptides with good responses were screened...

Objective: The objective of this study was to obtain (co) variance components and genetic parameter estimates for post-weaning body measurements such as body length, height at withers and chest girth recorded at six (SBL, SHW and SHG), nine (NBL, NHW and NHG) and twelve (YBL, YHW and YHG) months of age along with yearling weight (YW) in Nellore sheep maintained at livestock research station, Palamaner, Andhra Pradesh, India and also the association among body measurements with yearling weight was studied...

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 broiler chickens in each. The experimental chickens of the treatment groups were fed diets including 3, 6 or 9% FCSM fermented by Candida tropicalis until 42 days old...

Objective: The objectives of the study were to evaluate reproductive performance and selection response through genetic trend of community-based breeding programs (CBBPs) of Bonga sheep. Methods: Reproduction traits data collected between 2012 and 2018 from Bonga sheep CBBPs. Phenotypic performance was analyzed using the General Linear Model procedures of SAS. Genetic parameters were estimated by univariate animal model for age at first lambing (AFL) and repeatability models for lambing interval (LI), litter size (LS) and annual reproductive rate (ARR) traits using restricted maximum likelihood method (REML) of WOMBAT...

Objective: The present study was conducted to examine the gas production, fermentation characteristics, nutrient degradation, and methanogenic community composition of the rumen fluid culture with Broussonetia papyrifera (B. papyrifera) subjected to ensiling or steam explosion (SE) pretreatment. Methods: Fresh B. papyrifera was collected and pretreated by ensiling or steam explosion, which was then fermented with ruminal fluids as ensiled B. papyrifera (BPS) group, steam-exploded B...

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the impact of different forms of iron including myoglobin, hemin and ferric chloride on the quality of chicken breast meat. Methods: Chicken breast muscles were subjected to 1, 2, 3 mg/mL of FeCl3, myoglobin and hemin treatment respectively, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), meat color, tenderness, water holding capacity and morphology of meat was evaluated. Results: Hemin was found to produce more ROS and induce greater extent of lipid oxidation than myoglobin and ferric chloride...

Objective: This study aimed to validate and evaluate the dry matter (DM) intake prediction model of the Korean feeding standards for dairy cattle (KFSD). Methods: The KFSD DM intake (DMI) model was developed using a database containing the data from the Journal of Dairy Science from 2006 to 2011 (1065 observations 287 studies). The development (458 observations from 103 studies) and evaluation databases (168 observations from 74 studies) were constructed from the database...