Oncology Research and Treatment

INTRODUCTION: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a common complication after surgical procedures. Radical resection of esophageal cancer is a complex procedure, one of the most extensive and traumatic surgical procedures in oncological surgery, and the incidence of postoperative chronic pain is high, seriously affecting patients' postoperative recovery. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the incidence of CPSP in patients with esophageal cancer and to analyze the risk factors associated with its occurrence in order to provide certain prevention and treatment ideas for clinical prevention and reduction of CPSP...

INTRODUCTION: Although breast-conserving therapy (BCT) promises at least a similar survival rate for patients with early breast cancer compared with mastectomy, its efficacy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive tumors remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study to explore differential effects of BCT and mastectomy on survival outcomes of patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer. METHODS: Data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, and basic characteristics of patients who received either BCT or mastectomy were balanced using propensity score matching (PSM)...

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Die diesjährige Frühjahrstagung der DGHO (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hämatologie und Medizinische Onkologie e. V.) stand unter der Überschrift «Herausforderungen in der Onkologie - personalisierte Therapiesteuerung». Über drei Themenkomplexe hinweg wurden aktuelle Möglichkeiten und Perspektiven der Therapiesteuerung in der Onkologie hinsichtlich «Methoden», gelungenen «Beispielen» sowie der «Umsetzung in der Versorgung» diskutiert.

INTRODUCTION: Germ-cell cancer (GCC) is curable in the majority of men. However, previous reports have described inferior outcomes in men living in rural as compared to urban residential areas. METHODS: We identified all GCC patients treated at two large university hospitals in Zürich and Bern, both in Switzerland, between 2010 and 2020 by retrospective chart review. In 400 patients from Zürich and 274 patients from Bern, details on presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes were abstracted from medical records...

INTRODUCTION: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial compared the efficacy, and safety of adding pyrotinib to trastuzumab, docetaxel, and carboplatin versus placebo, trastuzumab, docetaxel, and carboplatin in Chinese patients with human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early or locally advanced breast cancer (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://ClinicalTrials.gov" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ClinicalTrials.gov</ext-link> identifier: NCT03756064)...

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BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy that is increasingly common. Screening for pancreatic cancer is not well established but might increase the chance of detection in early stages. SUMMARY: We conducted a literature search to summarize current recommendations and to give an overview of patient groups that may benefit from screening. In the general population, screening is not recommended because the low prevalence of PDAC renders any diagnostic tests non-predictive and because there is no direct evidence that links early diagnosis to improved survival...

INTRODUCTION: A few studies have explored the association of resting heart rate (RHR) with mortality and/or other oncological outcomes in patients with specific cancers such as breast, colorectal, and lung cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the RHR and oncological outcomes in patients with early-stage cervical cancer (CC) who underwent radical surgical resection. METHODS: We included 622 patients with early-stage CC (stages IA2-IB1). The patients were divided into four groups based on the RHR as follows: quartile 1, ≤64; quartile 2, 65-70; quartile 3, 71-76; and quartile 4, &gt;76 beats per min (bpm), with the lowest quartile being the reference group...

Because of their individual vulnerabilities, treatment decisions for older patients can be difficult. Geriatric assessment (GA) may help to select patients for systemic treatment, but its value is still unproven. Older cancer patients (≥65 years of age) with and without complex GA followed by discussion in the geriatric-oncologic conference, who had been treated in palliative intention with standard combination chemotherapy at the Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had been orally informed about the treatment options and had chosen chemotherapy beside supportive care...

BACKGROUND: High-quality, evidence-based, and practice-relevant education is essential to equip medical oncologists to provide high-quality care for patients with cancer. The need for medical oncology education is growing due to a rapid development of new therapies with novel mechanisms of action. Moreover, the number of patients with cancer is increasing with the rising in incidence and improved survival for some cancers. Access to medical oncology education and training opportunities, particularly in research, varies considerably in different countries and regions...

INTRODUCTION: Gemcitabine and cisplatin is the standard first-line systemic treatment in patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, a substantial number of patients do not qualify for cisplatin due to comorbidities or poor performance status. The phase II pilot study NACHO evaluated the efficacy of nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m2) and gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) given on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks as first-line therapy in patients with advanced CCA ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy...

INTRODUCTION: To this date, surgery remains the only potentially curative approach in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. To analyse the clinical impact of a structured post-operative follow-up programme, we retrospectively analysed a cohort of resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients treated at LMU Munich. METHODS: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients who underwent resection and presented for regular follow-up visits at our centre between 2002 and 2017 were identified from two existing study cohorts...

not abstract, please contact Dr. Hentzelt, Publication manager Karger.

The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) annual meeting took place in Paris in September 2022. The conference added a number of relevant study updates and novel treatment concepts. We report on highlights in the field of thoracic oncology. The topics cover oncogene-driven and immunotherapy-based therapeutic concepts in metastatic and non-metastatic NSCLC.

Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumours, better screening policies and multidisciplinary approach allow personalised treatment. Radiotherapy (RT) plays a central role in the multimodal approach in BC, and recent evidence have shown the non-inferiority of hypofractionated treatments. The aim of this study is to describe the feasibility and validity of stereotactic RT (SBRT) in BC in neoadjuvant and exclusive setting. Methods A Pubmed/MEDLINE and Embase systematic review was conducted to assess the role of radiomics in BC...

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy has an unsatisfactory effect on gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pyrotinib-a highly effective human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family inhibitor, on the radiosensitivity of HER2-positive gastric cancer and its mechanism in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: NCI-N87 and SNU-216 were HER2-positive gastric cancer cell lines, treatment with or without 0.01 µM pyrotinib 12 hours before irradiation, the proliferation capacity was determined by CCK8, and clone formation experiments were used to test the radiosensitization effect of pyrotinib...

Introduction Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Liquid biopsy is becoming a more commonly accepted method in clinical practice, thus there is a need to investigate ways to utilize ctDNA in metastatic breast cancer (mBC). The primary objective of this study is to characterize the genomic landscape of ctDNA in a diverse patient population and across different subtypes of mBC. Methods We analyzed the ctDNA profile in patients (n=45) with mBC who received a Guardant360 liquid biopsy test...

Young oncologists around the globe face many challenges when it comes to their career and professional development. Aspects such as time management, work-life balance, career progression, and educational opportunities are only some of them. Professional societies have identified these challenges in this professional group and have designed programs to tackle them specifically. The importance of this strategy cannot be overstated, as young oncologists, defined by most societies as oncologists under 40 years of age, compose almost 50% of the oncology workforce...