Gastroenterology Report

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BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) alone can achieve comparable treatment outcomes to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. This study aimed to investigate the value of texture analysis (TA) in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for identifying non-responders to NCT. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients with LARC after NCT, and they were categorized into nonresponse group (pTRG 3) and response group (pTRG 0-2) based on pathological tumor regression grade (pTRG)...

Adequate oxygen supply is essential for maintaining the body's normal physiological function. In chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), insufficient oxygen reaching the intestine triggers the regulatory system in response to environmental changes. However, the pathogenesis of IBD is still under investigation. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of hypoxia in IBD, particularly the involvement of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) and their regulatory mechanisms, making them promising therapeutic targets for IBD...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research often relies on animal models to study the etiology, pathophysiology, and management of IBD. Among these models, rats and mice are frequently employed due to their practicality and genetic manipulability. However, for studies aiming to closely mimic human pathology, non-human primates such as monkeys and dogs offer valuable physiological parallels. Guinea pigs, while less commonly used, present unique advantages for investigating the intricate interplay between neurological and immunological factors in IBD...

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The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is an important factor limiting research progression. Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled the most comprehensive database comprising 5,742 patients with cHCC-CCA. We summarized the characteristics, tumor markers, and clinical features of these patients. Additionally, we present the evolution of cHCC-CCA classification and explain the underlying rationale for these classification standards...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and optimal dose of the new acid-suppressant vonoprazan (VPZ) for quadruple therapy remain uncertain. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of 20 mg VPZ daily (VOD) and 20 mg VPZ twice daily (VTD) with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) twice daily in quadruple therapy. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 954 patients treated with quadruple therapy to eradicate Helicobacter pylori . Eradication rates and adverse events were compared between the VOD and VTD groups, and between the VOD and PPI groups...

BACKGROUND: Stage II colon cancer has varying risks for metastasis, and treatment strategies depend on molecular and clinicopathological features. While tumor-sidedness is a well-accepted prognostic factor for stage III/IV colon cancer, its role in stage II is controversial. Understanding its effect in stage II is crucial for improving treatment strategies. METHODS: We analyzed clinical and follow-up data of colon cancer from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2017)...

Liver fibrosis is the common pathway from various chronic liver diseases and its progression leads to cirrhosis which carries a significant risk for the development of portal hypertension-related complications and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is crucial to identify and halt the worsening of liver fibrosis given its important prognostic implication. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessing the degree of liver fibrosis but is limited due to its invasiveness and impracticality for serial monitoring. Many noninvasive tests have been developed over the years trying to assess liver fibrosis in a practical and accurate way...

BACKGROUND: Standardized assessments of clinical complete response (cCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for rectal cancer have been established, but their utility and accuracy remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of rectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) for the determination of cCRs after neoadjuvant immunotherapy and to investigate the concordance between cCR and pathological complete response (pCR)...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of common gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms on psychological symptoms, sleep quality, and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: A unified questionnaire was developed to collect clinical data on the mental psychology and quality of life of IBD patients from 42 hospitals in 22 provinces in P. R. China from September 2021 to May 2022. The general clinical characteristics, psychological symptoms, sleep quality, and quality of life of IBD patients with different numbers of GI symptoms were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis...

BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) significantly impacts the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but remains underexplored in the Thai population. Health state utilities (HSU) are indicators reflecting HRQoL which serve as fundamental inputs for economic evaluation analyses. This study aimed at assessing differences in HRQoL across five CHB stages in Thai patients, including non-cirrhotic CHB, compensated cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, early-/intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and advanced-/terminal-stage HCC...

BACKGROUND: Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is significantly influenced by the reflux of duodenal fluid. While gastrointestinal decompression represents a fundamental approach in acute pancreatitis management, the effectiveness of immediate duodenal decompression following ERCP to prevent PEP remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of immediate duodenal decompression after ERCP on reducing the incidence of hyperamylasemia and PEP. METHODS: This retrospective study encompassed patients with native papilla who underwent therapeutic ERCP for choledocholithiasis at the Department of Gastroenterology, Chun'an Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Zhejiang, China) between January 2020 and June 2023...

BACKGROUND: Gastric varices (GV) with spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS) pose considerable risks and challenges for administering endoscopic cyanoacrylate (CYA) injection. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EUS-guided coil embolization in combination with CYA injection compared to conventional endoscopic CYA injection for managing GV with SPSS. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included patients with SPSS treated with either EUS-guided coil embolization in combination with CYA injection or conventional CYA injection for gastric variceal bleeding at Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital (Zhejiang, China) between January 2018 and March 2023...

BACKGROUND: MLH1 promoter methylation analysis is recommended in screening for Lynch syndrome (LS) in patients with MLH1-deficient colorectal cancer (CRC). The study aims to identify specific methylation regions in the MLH1 promoter and to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of and prognosis for patients with MLH1 methylation. METHODS: A total of 580 CRC cases were included. The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression was assessed by using immunohistochemistry (IHC)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Since boosting stem cell resilience in stressful environments is critical for the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell-based transplantations in liver disease, this study aimed to establish the efficacy of a transient plasmid-based preconditioning strategy for boosting the capability of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for anti-inflammation/antioxidant defenses and paracrine actions in recipient hepatocytes. METHODS: Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) were subjected to transfer, either with or without the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Dickkopf1 (DKK1) genes, followed by exposure to TNF-α/H2 O2 ...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative recurrence (POR) remains a major challenge for patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Gut microbial dysbiosis has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of POR. This study aims to investigate the relationship between fecal microbiome and endoscopic recurrence in patients with CD after ileocolonic resection. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. Fecal samples were collected from 52 patients with CD after surgical intervention from 6 to 12 months before endoscopic examination...