Clinical Case Reports

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Brucella aortitis should be one of the differential diagnoses of inflammatory aortic aneurysms. In situ repair of intermittent aortoenteric fitulae and repair of infrarenal aortic aneurysm with synthetic graft can be used in clean scarred fistulae. ABSTRACT: Arterial aneurysms are very rare complications of Brucella infection. The purpose of this case report is to document a case of abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary aorto-duodenal fistula as a complication of Brucella infection, along with the management of brucella induced aortoenteric fistula with insitu synthetic graft...

Unicentric Castleman disease, particularly the hypervascular variant subtype, commonly presents as a localized lymphadenopathy without systemic symptoms. Surgical excision is often curative for this subtype, leading to a good prognosis. However, some patients with autoimmune complications may require additional systemic therapy along with surgery. Accurate diagnosis through a combination of clinical, radiological, and pathological findings is crucial for optimal management.

Management of large jaw cyst is challenging since high risks including pathologic fracture, limited opening, and insufficient bone healing occur after enucleation. The current case of concentrated growth factor (CGF) gel to fill defect after enucleation of large jaw cyst is rare. A 12-year-old boy with pain and swelling for 4 months in the left mandible region made a medical consultation at our hospital. Computerized tomography scan indicated that cystic lesion was found in the left mandible region. In this case, we present a patient with large jaw cyst (31 mm × 44 mm × 53 mm) who received enucleation followed by CGF gel filling the defect...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Peritoneal encapsulation is most of the time asymptomatic and is found incidentally, but when symptomatic it usually presents with bowel obstruction. CT scan is a gold standard for the diagnosis of bowel encapsulation. ABSTRACT: Congenital peritoneal encapsulation (CPE), abdominal cocoon syndrome (ACS), and sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) are syndromes in which the small bowel is encapsulated. Small bowel encapsulation is usually asymptomatic and rarely presents with small bowel obstruction...

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KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: In dealing with bowed limbs along with increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP), even if the typical changes to the face are not very noticeable at first glance, Paget's disease of the bone (PDB) should be suspected, and the necessary investigations should be carried out to confirm the diagnosis. ABSTRACT: Paget's disease of the bone (PDB) is the second most prevalent metabolic bone disorder worldwide with disorganized bone remodeling. Here, a patient is presented with pain and bending of the right leg, whose skull and forehead changes are not noticeable at first glance, but with clinical suspicion and additional diagnostic evaluations, PDB diagnosis is confirmed for the patient...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Appendiceal duplication is exceedingly rare, with a prevalence of 0.004% to 0.009% in appendectomy specimens. Appendiceal duplications can occur alone or in conjunction with cecal duplication. The persistence of the temporary embryologic second cecal appendix is hypothesized to cause appendiceal duplications. We present a case of appendiceal duplication in a 26-year-old Ethiopian female patient who had been experiencing abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant for 1 week. She developed anorexia, a loss of appetite, and a low-grade fever as a result of this...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: In patients with appropriate epidemiological risk factors, neurocysticecosis should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of suprasellar or parasellar mass lesions. As neuroimaging findings can be nonspecific, serology may be helpful, but when still in doubt, brain biopsy, and histopathology may be necessary to make the correct diagnosis. ABSTRACT: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a well-documented central nervous system helminth infection that is, frequently observed in developing countries...

There was an 83-year-old man having coronary artery disease associated with coronary artery ectasia who occurred ventricular fibrillation suddenly during coronary artery angiography. As Kawasaki disease was suspected to the most likely reason which led to coronary artery lesion.

Purpura fulminans is a severe coagulation disorder that often leads to death in neonates. Mutations in the protein C (PROC) gene can cause protein C deficiency, leading to this disorder. This study aimed to investigate a family with a history of coagulopathies, particularly those related to protein C deficiency. The primary objective was to identify any genetic mutations in the PROC gene responsible for the coagulopathies. The study focused on a male neonate with purpura fulminans who ultimately died at 2 months of age...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Atypical presentations of eumycetoma can pose a challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Healthcare providers thorough in their differential diagnosis and investigations, even in the absence of classic symptoms, in order to improve early detection and the case management for such a neglected tropical disease. ABSTRACT: In this communication, we present a case study of an unusual presentation of eumycetoma; a fungal infection that is considered a neglected tropical disease...

Remote intracerebral hemorrhage (RICH) is a rare yet highly consequential complication that can occur after a craniotomy performed for the evacuation of an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this case report, we present the clinical details of a 74-year-old female patient who underwent a supratentorial craniotomy to address an ICH, and subsequently developed RICH. A 74-year-old woman was admitted to our department with a severe headache, onset of dysarthria, and left-sided brachio-crural hemiparesis. The patient had a history of arterial hypertension and a previous cerebral ischemia incident 2 years prior, potentially due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy...

Long considered a "forgotten disease" of a bygone era, the apparent reemergence of Lemierre syndrome highlights the need for awareness of this rare condition to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment. Lemierre syndrome should be suspected in young adults presenting with a chest or neck infection and requires prolonged antibiotic therapy, surgical drainage of collections, and often anticoagulation.

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Nivolumab has been clinically successful in prolonging the overall survival of patients with recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer, complete remission is rare. Synergistic combinations of immunotherapy and conventional cancer treatments, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy, are likely to be the most viable strategies for improving patient responses. ABSTRACT: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized recurrent, metastatic oral cancer treatment; however complete remission in advanced stages is unusual...

In this case report we present a very rare case of intramuscular cavernous hemangioma in the temporalis muscle which was successfully managed with surgical excision with no evidence of recurrence in follow-up.

Fourth ventricle outlet obstruction (FVOO) is a rare cause of hydrocephalus. In the last century, the standard treatment was the suboccipital craniotomy with magendieplasty or ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt). Since the beginning of the 21st century, the endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has been considered a less invasive alternative. The medical literature lacks sufficient reports of FVOO cases and strong evidence about ETV's efficacy in treating this condition. We report two cases of FVOO treated with ETV and review published similar cases...

Patients with septic shock complicated by septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) can be extremely ill and at high risk for mortality. If early assessment of cardiac function is neglected during treatment, sepsis may be further exacerbated. We report a 77-year-old male patient with severe septic shock who underwent intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) because of progressive circulatory instability, SCM was diagnosed. Further perioperative treatment to support the circulation was successfully adjusted based on TEE and pulse index continuous cardiac output (CO) by ProAQT/PulsioFlex hemodynamic monitoring...

In an adolescent patient with severe yew intoxication and consecutive cardiac arrest, non-responsive to conventional resuscitation necessitating extracorporeal life support, Levosimendan has been implemented in the early acute phase of hemodynamic stabilization, without obvious side effects. However, the additive value of this treatment in severe yew intoxication remains speculative.

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: There is a need to pay more attention to cutaneous leishmaniasis in endemic regions which may mimic other dermatoses and treatment should be initiated with a strong clinical suspicion even without any histopathologic or PCR confirmation to avoid disfigurement or development of secondary malignancy. ABSTRACT: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease with a variety of Clinical manifestations. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common form of disease and can mimic other dermatoses...