Annals of Translational Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4386.].

The primary function of an airway stent is to reestablish patency, impeding restenosis, supporting the tracheobronchial wall, or occluding fistulas. But stent-related complications are prevalent and can have devastating consequences. For this reason, stents are considered a last resort when there are no alternatives in treatment. Additionally, commercially available airway stents often poorly fit patients with complex airways, and they can cause various complications. At the end of the 20th century, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology was created...

Pulmonary nodules with intermediate to high risk of malignancy should preferably be diagnosed with image guide minimally invasive diagnostics before treatment. Several technological innovations have been developed to endobronchially navigate to these lesions and obtain tissue for diagnosis. This review addresses these technological advancements in navigation bronchoscopy in three basic steps: navigation, position confirmation and acquisition, with a specific focus on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). For navigation purposes ultrathin bronchoscopy combined with virtual bronchoscopy navigation, electromagnetic navigation and robotic assisted bronchoscopy all achieve good results as a navigation guidance tool, but cannot confirm location or guide biopsy positioning...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The latissimus dorsi flap (LDF) has gained popularity given its versatile nature and broad applicability in breast reconstruction. Its resurgence has been attributed to its ability to be enhanced using implant or high-volume fat grafting, rendering it a primary option for selected patients. The aim of this review is to tackle current indications and subjects of controversy regarding use of complete-autologous and implant-enhanced LDF in breast reconstruction. Also, a case-series showcasing the authors' experience with this versatile reconstructive option is presented...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Artificial intelligence (AI) use is becoming increasingly prevalent directly or indirectly in daily clinical practice, including esophageal cancer (EC) diagnosis and treatment. Although the limits of its adoption and their clinical benefits are still unknown, any physician related to EC patients' management should be aware of the status and future perspectives of AI use in their field. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing literature regarding the role of AI in diagnosis and treatment of EC...

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading indications for liver transplantation (LT) however, selection criteria remain controversial. We aimed to identify survival factors and predictors for tumour recurrence using machine learning (ML) methods. We also compared ML models to the Cox regression model. METHODS: Thirty pretransplant donor and recipient general and tumour specific parameters were analysed from 170 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation for HCC between March 2013 and December 2019 at the University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3109.].

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The introduction of immunotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has resulted in a radical change in patients' treatment responses and survival rates. The increased percentage of long survivors, improved toxicity profiles compared to chemotherapy, and the possible applications for different NSCLC scenarios, have led to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) becoming the cornerstone of NSCLC treatment. Therefore, the objective of this review is to describe the current and future perspectives of NSCLC treatment...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The adoption of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has revolutionised the treatment landscape of non-small cell lung cancer. For early staged disease, incorporation of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has recently been demonstrated to reduce recurrence. Development of targeted therapies in advanced lung cancer is driven by advanced genomic sequencing techniques, better understanding of drug resistance mechanisms, and improved drug designs. The list of targetable molecular alteration is continuously expanding, and next generation molecular therapies have shown promise in circumventing drug resistance...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4174.].

No abstract text is available yet for this article.