Journal of Nephropathology

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to have a protective role in various kidney disorders. Objectives: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of NaHS (a H2S donor) in treating on the renal damage induced by cisplatin (CP). Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Normal control group (group A)' NaHS group (group B) which received 200 µg/kg/d (intraperitoneal injection; i.p.) for 15 days' CP group (group C) which rats were injected with CP (5 mg/kg, single dose, i...

CONTEXT: The extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common and involve other organs or systems for example; urinary system. EVIDENCE ACQUISITIONS: For this review, we used a variety of sources by searching through Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and directory of open access journals (DOAJ). RESULTS: Urinary complications may occur in up to 22% of patients and nephrolithiasis or renal/kidney stones have been suggested to be a common manifestation of disease in forms of uric acid, calcium phosphate or calcium oxalate...

CONTEXT: Kidney is one of the vital organs maintaining homeostasis of body and thus dysfunction of kidney affects quality of life and health severely. Anticancer drugs, particularly chemotherapeutic agents, cause high toxicity leading kidney dysfunction and irreparable kidney injury. Therefore, attention has recently been paid to seeking out alternatives such as nature-based drugs that are effective but less toxic. In this regard, this systematic review article is to report and introduce the most important medicinal plants and their derivatives that are used to reduce anticancer drug-induced nephrotoxicity...

BACKGROUND: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) leading high mortality and even long-term morbidity. SHPT is manifested by elevation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and accurate determining the level of serum PTH is very essential for early diagnosis of SHPT secondary to CKD. It is very important to match the values obtained for intact parathormone (iPTH) and 1- 84 PTH with the minimized measurement bias. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to first determine the agreement value between the iPTH and 1- 84 PTH measures in patients with hyperparathyroidism secondary to endstage renal disease under chronic hemodialysis...

BACKGROUND: Risk factors for cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in renal transplant recipients have been evaluated in industrialized countries with relatively low CMV seroprevalence. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine which factors are related to this illness in a high CMV seroprevalence country. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A case-control study was performed with data from a 5-year follow-up of 260 kidney transplant recipients at our center. Odds ratios were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel method...

BACKGROUND: The etiology of renal disease varies in different parts of the world. In the Middle East, half of all patients reaching end-stage are categorised as either unknown etiology or hypertension-related nephropathy. OBJECTIVES: To report a renal biopsy series, in a reproducible format and manner, so that data can be compared directly among other series. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Biopsies of native kidneys were performed in a 10-year period, at a tertiary referral hospital that provides the entire nephrology service for north Cyprus...

BACKGROUND: Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is an emerging cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) during the recent years. OBJECTIVES: There is no data about prevalence, causes, clinical manifestation and outcomes of AIN in our region. Hence, in this study we aimed to find the prevalence of AIN and describe the causes, clinical presentation, and the outcome of AIN in the native kidney biopsies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed 934 native kidney biopsies from 2006 to 2014 and collected the data of patients with the diagnosis of AIN including medical history, clinical findings, para-clinical data, pathologic findings, treatment and outcomes...

BACKGROUND: Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal IgG deposits (PGNMID) is a newly described and rare entity that can develop in native and very rarely in transplanted kidneys. We present a patient who developed de novo PGNMID in the kidney allograft along with a review of the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year old female with type 1 diabetes who underwent successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation 6 years earlier presented with rising serum creatinine, nephrotic range proteinuria and microhematuria...

BACKGROUND: Gram-negative bacteria are associated with an increase in rates of antibacterial resistance. In most low- and middle-income countries such as Iran, there is no continuous surveillance system for antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this survey was to determine the pattern of antimicrobial sensitivity of gram-negative bacteria within 3 consecutive years at a nephrology ward of Nemazee hospital in Shiraz. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 3-year period from 2013 to 2015 at the adult nephrology ward, bacteriological data of all biological samples of hospitalized patients in favor of gram-negative microorganisms were analyzed retrospectively...

BACKGROUND: Oleuropein is a potent antioxidant and free-radical scavenger with antiinflammatory properties. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of oleuropein on myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitrite, urea, creatinine and glomerulosclerosis in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group 1 as control; group 2 as untreated diabetic; and group 3 as treated with oleuropein 15 mg/kg i...

BACKGROUND: There exists a synergy between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) with increased morbidity and poor outcomes. OBJECTIVES: Data relating to this clustering in black homogenous populations is scanty. We aim to investigate this relationship in Nigerian communities. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a cross-sectional observation study from semi-urban communities in South-West Nigeria. We used modified World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire on chronic diseases (WHO STEPS) to gather information on socio-demographic data, biophysical and clinical characteristics...

BACKGROUND: Differential diagnosis between primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and minimal change disease (MCD) is sometimes difficult as nephrotic syndrome is the main clinical symptom in both diseases. OBJECTIVES: This study has attempted to evaluate the urinary excretion of Th1 and Th2 cytokines as potential biomarkers in distinguishing the two types of nephrotic syndrome, and predicting outcome of renal function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients with FSGS (M/F 22/14, Age; 41...

BACKGROUND: Development of steroid dependency is one of the difficult problems in the management of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, leading to increased morbidity, complications and cost of treatment. Thus, predicting early in the disease course will be useful in counseling parents and may improve treatment strategy. OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical characteristics that can predict the development of steroid dependency early in the initial episodes of steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS)...

BACKGROUND: Toluene is widely used in different activities of industrial, commercial and household applications. It can cause damage to the human body. Buffalos' milk has a good nutritive value. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to examine the negative effects of toluene on kidney tissues and to investigate the protective effects of buffalo's milk against toluene-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty adult male Wistar rats (180-220 g weight) were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 5)...

BACKGROUND: 1,1,2-Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an important organic solvent which is widespread in the environment. Work place exposure to TCE has been associated adverse effects in many organs including kidney. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that can overcome oxidative stress. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to examine the role of vitamin E against destructive effects of TCE on rat kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups of equal number in each...

BACKGROUND: One of the main therapeutic limitations of cisplatin (CP) is nephrotoxicity which is time-dependent. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal timing for initiation of CP toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty male and female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. All the animals in groups 2-5 received single dose of CP (10 mg/kg; i.p.), and were evaluated 25, 50, 75, and 100 hours after CP administration...

BACKGROUND: Several studies have previously been performed to promote kidney healing after injuries. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc on renal healing after traumatic injury in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty healthy female rats were selected and one of their kidneys was incised. Half of the incisions were limited only to the cortex (renal injury type I) and the other ones reached the pelvocalyceal system of the kidney (renal injury type II)...

BACKGROUND: Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important limitations of cisplatin-based chemotherapies which associated with many complications and high mortality rate. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of lycopene on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 120 patients were randomly assigned to two groups, case (treated with lycopene + standard regimen of kidney injury prevention) and control (treated with only the standard regimen of kidney injury prevention)...

BACKGROUND: Primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common kidney disease in children. Objectives: The present study was aimed to investigate whether rs5370 G>T (lys198Asn) genetic variant of endothelin-1 (ET-1) is involved in the susceptibility to NS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 138 patients with NS and 150 healthy children. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood using salting out method. Polymorphism of the ET-1 rs5370 G>T (lys198Asn) polymorphism detected by T-ARMS-PCR as well as PCR-RFLP method...

BACKGROUND: Monoclonal antibodies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), such as bevacizumab, are administered intravitreally for the treatment of wet or exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Systemic use of bevacizumab has been linked to a wide range of renal adverse effects including proteinuria and hypertension. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 77-year-old Caucasian male with a past medical history of hypertension, vitamin D deficiency and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who presented to primary care clinic with a 2-week history of bilateral lower extremity edema, 2 months after completing four monthly intravitreal injections of bevacizumab for ARMD...