journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052885/prevalence-of-hiv-associated-metabolic-abnormalities-among-patients-taking-first-line-antiretroviral-therapy-in-uganda
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bernard Omech, Joseph Sempa, Barbara Castelnuovo, Kenneth Opio, Marcel Otim, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Robert Colebunders, Yukari C Manabe
Introduction. While the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy decreased HIV-related morbidity and mortality rates in the sub-Saharan Africa, a subsequent increase in metabolic abnormalities has been observed. We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV-associated metabolic abnormalities among patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in an ART clinic in Kampala, Uganda. Methods. Four hundred forty-two consecutive patients on first-line ART for at least 12 months were screened for eligibility in a cross-sectional study, and 423 were enrolled...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052884/conservation-compensation-and-evolution-of-n-linked-glycans-in-the-hiv-1-group-m-subtypes-and-circulating-recombinant-forms
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon A Travers
The "glycan shield" exposed on the surface of the HIV-1 gp120 env glycoprotein has been previously proposed as a novel target for anti-HIV treatments. While such targeting of these glycans provides an exciting prospect for HIV treatment, little is known about the conservation and variability of glycosylation patterns within and between the various HIV-1 group M subtypes and circulating recombinant forms. Here, we present evidence of strong strain-specific glycosylation patterns and show that the epitope for the 2G12 neutralising antibody is poorly conserved across HIV-1 group M...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052883/high-loss-to-followup-and-early-mortality-create-substantial-reduction-in-patient-retention-at-antiretroviral-treatment-program-in-north-west-ethiopia
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mamo Wubshet, Yemane Berhane, Alemayehu Worku, Yigzaw Kebede, Ermias Diro
Background. There has been a rapid scale up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Ethiopia since 2005. We aimed to evaluate mortality, loss to followup, and retention in care at HIV Clinic, University of Gondar Hospital, north-west Ethiopia. Method. A retrospective patient chart record analysis was performed on adult AIDS patients enrolled in the treatment program starting from 1 March 2005. We performed survival analysis to determine, mortality, loss to followup and retention in care. Results. A total of 3012 AIDS patients were enrolled in the ART Program between March 2005 and August 2010...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052882/study-of-depression-and-its-associated-factors-among-women-living-with-hiv-aids-in-coastal-south-india
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Unnikrishnan, Vinita Jagannath, John T Ramapuram, B Achappa, D Madi
Background. Depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric diagnoses seen in HIV-positive individuals. Women with HIV are about four times more likely to be depressed than those who are not infected. Aims. To assess the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of depression among women living with HIV/AIDS. Setting and Design. One public and one private hospital in Mangalore, Coastal South India, and cross-sectional design. Methods and Materials. Study constituted of 137 HIV-positive women, depression was assessed using BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), and social support was assessed using Lubben Social Network Scale...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052881/large-epidemiological-influenza-a-outbreak-in-a-teaching-hospital-from-guatemala-city
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Mejía, Monica Silvestre, Iris Cazali, Judith García, Ruth Sánchez, Leticia García, Leticia Castillo, Ingrid Escobar, Sandra Terraza
Objective. To describe the characteristics and interventions to control a large epidemiological Influenza A Outbreak. Methods. During the months of February to April 2006, a large outbreak of Influenza A was detected, which affected Health Care Workers and hospitalized patients in a large teaching Hospital in Guatemala City. Interventions to interrupt transmission were implemented and included barrier methods (N95 masks, respiratory isolation measures, etc.) and enhanced hand hygiene, vaccination of healthy Health Care Workers (HCW), restrictions for patient visits...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052880/diabetes-and-hypertension-among-patients-receiving-antiretroviral-treatment-since-1998-in-senegal-prevalence-and-associated-factors
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Assane Diouf, Amandine Cournil, Khadidiatou Ba-Fall, Ndèye Fatou Ngom-Guèye, Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay, Ibrahima Ndiaye, Gilbert Batista, Papa Mandoumbé Guèye, Pape Samba Bâ, Bernard Taverne, Eric Delaporte, Papa Salif Sow
Cardiovascular risk factors in people on antiretroviral treatment (ART) are poorly documented in resource-constrained settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009 to assess prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in a sample of 242 HIV-infected patients who had initiated ART between 1998 and 2002 in Dakar, Senegal (ANRS 1215 observational cohort). World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were applied to diagnose diabetes and hypertension. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with diabetes and hypertension...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052878/clinicopathological-proficiency-in-the-diagnosis-of-kaposi-s-sarcoma
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis-Jacques van Bogaert
Background. The prevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), an AIDS-defining illness, has increased in parallel with the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The presence of violaceous skin lesions should raise suspicion of KS. However, especially on dark skin, KS mimics a variety of non-KS skin conditions. Histologically, there is a wide range of expressions of KS and a large number of mimickers. For all these reasons, a HHV-8 immunohistochemically biopsy-proven diagnosis of KS should be the gold standard. Methods. Prospective study of 490 consecutive skin biopsies from the general community in the Limpopo Province of South Africa, from April 2010 through December 2011...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052877/evaluation-of-a-low-cost-strategy-for-enumerating-cd4-lymphocyte-absolute-count-and-percentage-using-the-facscalibur-flow-cytometer-in-hiv-infected-patients-from-a-resource-limited-setting
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gerardo Alvarez-Uria, Raghuprakash Reddy, Srinivasulu Reddy, Praveen K Naik, Manoranjan Midde
Enumeration of CD4 lymphocytes is essential for the clinical management of HIV-infected patients, but it can be difficult to afford in developing countries. In this study we evaluated a reagent reduction strategy for reducing the cost of enumerating CD4 cell absolute count and percentage using the FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson). We compared the protocol recommended by the manufacturer with a protocol that used half of the usual amount of CD3/CD4/CD45 monoclonal antibody reagent in 100 samples from HIV-infected patients in a rural hospital in India...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052876/anogenital-lesions-kaposi-s-sarcoma-and-its-mimicks
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis-Jacques van Bogaert
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm associated with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) infection, and, in the epidemic form, with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although HHV-8 is present in all body fluids and is sexually transmitted, there are surprisingly few reports of anogenital KS. Clinically, especially in HIV/KS endemic areas, dark stained skin patches or nodules are prone to misdiagnosis, especially in dark-skinned individuals. Therefore, a biopsy is recommended. The histologic appearance spans a broad spectrum of KS and non-KS lesions; therefore, the final diagnosis should be confirmed by HHV-8 immunohistochemistry...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052875/hiv-positive-status-disclosure-and-associated-factors-among-children-in-north-gondar-northwest-ethiopia
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Digsu Negese, Kefyalew Addis, Akilew Awoke, Zelalem Birhanu, Dagnachew Muluye, Sisay Yifru, Berihun Megabiaw
Introduction. Clinical reports have indicated positive outcomes associated with disclosure of HIV-positive status in children. This study assessed the level and associated factors of HIV-positive status disclosure to HIV-infected children in northwest Ethiopia. Methods. Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-positive children from March to April 2012. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052874/prevalence-and-factors-associated-with-vitamin-d-deficiency-and-hyperparathyroidism-in-hiv-infected-patients-treated-in-barcelona
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisabet Lerma, M Ema Molas, M Milagro Montero, Ana Guelar, Alicia González, Judith Villar, Adolf Diez, Hernando Knobel
Vitamin D deficiency is an important problem in patients with chronic conditions including those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism in HIV patients attended in Barcelona. Cholecalciferol (25OH vitamin D3) and PTH levels were measured. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as 25(OH) D < 20 ng/mL and deficiency as <12 ng/mL. Hyperparathyroidism was defined as PTH levels >65 pg/mL...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052873/who-is-going-for-vct-a-case-study-in-urban-burkina-faso
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Seydou Yaro, Paulin Fao, Marie-Christine Defer, François Ilboudo, Youssouf Langani, Nicolas Meda, Annie Robert, Nicolas Nagot
Introduction. Voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) is a key element of treatment and is essential for prevention of vertical HIV transmission. Little information is available on the uptake of VCT in Burkina Faso. This study aims to assess the prevalence of VCT in urban Burkina Faso, where the epidemic is still highly concentrated. Methods. We conducted a two-stage clustered population-based survey among 1,694 subjects living in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. After informed consent was obtained, a behavioural questionnaire was administered to participants...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052872/motivating-factors-and-psychosocial-barriers-to-condom-use-among-out-of-school-youths-in-dar-es-salaam-tanzania-a-cross-sectional-survey-using-the-health-belief-model
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Katikiro, B Njau
Condoms remain a cost-effective and relatively simple intervention to prevent HIV infection. However, condom use is still very low, particularly among youths aged 15 to 24. 348 individuals (186 males and 162 females) completed a pre-tested questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with condom use. Out of 348 respondents, 296 (85.0%) were sexually experienced, and 260 (87.8%) reported noncondom use in the past 3 months prior to the study. Among men, noncondom use was independently associated with feeling shy to buy condoms (AOR = 1...
2012: ISRN AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24052871/moderate-intensity-exercise-improves-body-composition-and-improves-physiological-markers-of-stress-in-hiv-infected-men
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wesley David Dudgeon, Jason Reed Jaggers, Kenneth Doyle Phillips, John Larry Durstine, Stephanie E Burgess, George William Lyerly, John Mark Davis, Gregory Alan Hand
HIV/AIDS and its treatment often alter body composition and result in poorer physical functioning. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a moderate-intensity exercise program on body composition and the hormones and cytokines associated with adverse health outcomes. HIV-infected males (N = 111) were randomized to an exercise group (EX) who completed 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training, or to a nonintervention control group (CON). In pre- and postintervention, body composition was estimated via DXA, peak strength was assessed, and resting blood samples were obtained...
2012: ISRN AIDS
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