Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery

INTRODUCTION: Osteomyelitis of the jaws is a common disease of the maxillofacial region. The goal of treatment is to alleviate pain, reduce infection, inhibit the progression of the disease and induce bone and mucosal healing. In addition to surgical management and antibiotic and oxygen hyperbaric therapy, new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of osteomyelitis are developed. One of the novel approaches is photobiomodulation therapy or low-level light therapy (LLLT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: After surgical treatment, experimental group patients ( n = 4) were treated with LLLT for five sessions with an extraoral pulsed 635-nm LED lamp (Repuls7, Repuls Lichtmedizintechnik GmbH, Austria), maximum output power: 140 mW/cm2 , frequency: 2...

RATIONALE: The term cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) refers to a bony fibro-osseous lesion, in which fibrous tissue and cementum-like tissue replace normal bone. There are three types of COD: periapical, focal and florid. The condition is usually asymptomatic and treatment is unnecessary; however, a secondary infection could occur, which requires treatment. PATIENT CONCERN: A 58-year-old female patient presented with symptoms in the mandibular posterior region of the right jaw for six months...

RATIONALE: To suggest a directing algorithm for rehabilitative management of complex soft and hard tissue defects due to mucormycosis. PATIENT CONCERNS: An utmost need for surgical, reconstructive and rehabilitative options; functional, aesthetic, acceptable to the patient and enduring rehabilitation. DIAGNOSIS: Different cases of rhinomaxillary mucormycosis pertaining to the facial skeleton, diagnosed with the help of radiographic as well as fungal cultures...

INTRODUCTION: Routine wound management in maxillofacial trauma with soft-tissue injury needs to be addressed in a systematic way to prevent untoward complications. In this study, we examined the effects of a novel surgical dressing material on pain, wound healing and scar and its feasibility to common people. Our aim is to compare the efficacy and potency of the nano-chitosan membrane and collagen-chitosan membrane as surgical dressing materials for soft-tissue wounds in the maxillofacial region...

INTRODUCTION: The clinical application of the diode laser seems to have beneficial effects in surgery. The laser provides precise and rapid tissue dissection, excellent haemostasis and lessens post-operative inflammation. This study was done to assess the clinical effectiveness of diode laser in the management of different varieties of intraoral soft-tissue lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After applying exclusion criteria, a total of 50 samples were selected with benign intraoral soft-tissue lesions treated with a diode laser under local anaesthesia between September 2017 and September 2020...

RATIONALE: Congenital orofacial swellings in neonates are mainly limited to vascular malformations and neuroectodermal benign tumours. Congenital granular cell tumour (CGCT) is a rare condition affecting neonates with a prevalence rate of 6 in 1 million. Our report provides a brief review of diagnosis and management. PATIENT CONCERN: A 4-day-old female neonate was brought in with the chief complaint of a single, lobulated mass protruding from the right side of the oral cavity...

INTRODUCTION: The Dental Council of India has included facial plastic surgery in the scope of practice of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (OMFSs) in India. However, the knowledge and interests of these specialists towards facial plastic surgery are unexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study consisting of a structured questionnaire tool with six domains and 46 questions was circulated amongst registered OMFSs in India. The study consisted of 950 participants...

RATIONALE: Sclerosing variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is a rare variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) with only two cases in the literature. In this article, we report two cases of SACCs and attempt to explain the reason for sclerosis and its association with the disease outcome. PATIENT CONCERNS: The first patient is a 43-year-old Dravidian Indian female with a chief complaint of pain and swelling in the right posterior cheek region of four months' duration...

INTRODUCTION: The most common complication following third molar surgery is pain. The purpose of the study is to determine the efficacy of lornoxicam as a preventive analgesic in patients undergoing surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 26 participants aged 18-28 years with bilateral symmetrical third molars. Group A, the control group, received lornoxicam 8 mg 1 h after surgery, whereas Group B, the study group, received lornoxicam 8 mg 1 h before surgery...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of pre-adjusted three-dimensional (3D) plating system employing 3D printing with conventional 3D plating in the management of mandibular fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomised, clinical trial was conducted where the study sample ( n = 20) was divided into two groups. In Group 1, 3D plate and in Group 2, pre-bent 3D plate was fixed to the fracture site. The parameters assessed were number of bends required for adaptation, duration of fixation, pain, occlusal stability, reduction in lingual splaying and post-operative complications...

INTRODUCTION: Maxillofacial fractures (MFs) are quite common and are managed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Despite these interventions, a pre-traumatic facial profile is often not achieved with consequent social and psychologic consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with fractures to the middle and lower third of the face that presented within 48 hours and healthy controls (subjects without facial fracture) that were sex- and age-matched with the fracture patients were recruited into the study...

RATIONALE: Ameloblastic carcinoma is defined as an ameloblastoma in which there is histological evidence of malignancy in primary tumour or recurrent tumour regardless if it has metastasised or not. It is aggressive in nature. PATIENT CONCERNS: The patient presented with a painful swelling associated with restricted mouth opening. DIAGNOSIS: This is the clinical profile of a patient who has presented with a recurrent ameloblastic carcinoma...

INTRODUCTION: The use of a surgical guide during pre-operative planning significantly increases the efficiency and safety of dental implantation. However, the current widespread use of static navigation has led to a decrease in accuracy. Dynamic navigation, on the other hand, can be an alternative. This study compared the accuracy of dental implant placement on jaw models using static navigation, a virtual guide and the manual placement method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients with favourable conditions were selected, and three-dimensional full-body jaw models were set up...

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INTRODUCTION: Zygomatic implants are an effective solution for rehabilitation of edentulous atrophic maxillae. However, the conventional technique of zygomatic implant placement is invasive, requires a longer healing period and is economically cumbersome. Therefore, the flapless technique of insertion of zygomatic implants using dynamic navigation system has been introduced. This study aims to compare the cost-effectiveness of flapless insertion of zygomatic implants using dynamic navigation to the conventional flap technique...

RATIONALE: Ectopic teeth arise from developmental abnormalities, pathological conditions or iatrogenic factors. They can be supernumerary, deciduous or permanent and cause dental and facial pain, swelling and infection. Limited cases reveal limited knowledge about causes, symptoms, treatment options and surgical procedures. A thorough evaluation, including radiographic imaging and clinical examination, aids diagnosis and treatment planning. PATIENT CONCERN: A 54-year-old female patient complains of tooth mobility in the upper right back tooth region for one month and occasional pain in the right pre-auricular region...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the levels of salivary Interleukin-6 (IL-6) before and after the placement of dental implants in patients who are supplemented with nitric oxide (NO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 34 patients, divided into control and study groups (17 in each group). The control group was given a placebo and in the study group, nitric oxide supplement was prescribed, whereas the control group received a placebo...

INTRODUCTION: In conventional practice for retromolar intubation, endotracheal tube (ET) is bent. This leads to compression of the inner diameter of the tube which in turn reduces airflow. Furthermore, conventionally ETs are stabilised in position using inflated tracheal cuff. Elastic sticky tapes around the exit pose hindrance for surgical procedures on the face. Surgical manipulation and maxillomandibular fixation may lead to compression, damage or accidental extubation of ET. We have developed a modified ET dedicated to retromolar intubation with innovative means for tube stabilisation to solve these problems...

INTRODUCTION: Despite several in vitro and in vivo applications of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), it remains an under-studied feature of the oral and maxillofacial region. The goal of this in vivo study was to objectively investigate the efficacy of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on wound healing and related morbidities following surgical removal of an impacted third molar. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The following in vivo prospective, comparative, randomised controlled clinical study was carried out amongst 56 patients who reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery fulfilling the inclusion criteria...

INTRODUCTION: In spite of several techniques, Millard's approach for the correction of cleft lip still is widely used. Although versatile, it has certain drawbacks including scar contraction, short lip and notching. A modification of the 'C' arm helps to address this drawback. The purpose of this study was to describe the qualitative and quantitative outcomes of the author's modification of Millard's C flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Archival photographic records of cleft lip repairs and post-operative photos of cases treated by author were screened...