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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Efremenko, Aysel Aslanli, Maksim Domnin, Nikolay Stepanov, Olga Senko
Since the growing number of fungi resistant to the fungicides used is becoming a serious threat to human health, animals, and crops, there is a need to find other effective approaches in the eco-friendly suppression of fungal growth. One of the main mechanisms of the development of resistance in fungi, as well as in bacteria, to antimicrobial agents is quorum sensing (QS), in which various lactone-containing compounds participate as signaling molecules. This work aimed to study the effectiveness of action of enzymes exhibiting lactonase activity against fungal signaling molecules...
March 21, 2024: Biomolecules
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Sobral, Ana Filipa Fernandes, Miguel Bernardes, Patrícia Pinto, Helena Santos, João Lagoas-Gomes, José Tavares-Costa, José A P Silva, João Madruga Dias, Alexandra Bernardo, Jean-Charles Gaillard, Jean Armengaud, Vladimir Benes, Lúcia Domingues, Sara Maia, Jaime C Branco, Ana Varela Coelho, Fernando M Pimentel-Santos
This study aims at identifying molecular biomarkers differentiating responders and non-responders to treatment with Tumor Necrosis Factor inhibitors (TNFi) among patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Whole blood mRNA and plasma proteins were measured in a cohort of biologic-naïve axSpA patients ( n = 35), pre and post (14 weeks) TNFi treatment with adalimumab. Differential expression analysis was used to identify the most enriched pathways and in predictive models to distinguish responses to TNFi...
March 21, 2024: Biomolecules
#3
REVIEW
Nina Pokimica, Tatjana Ćosić, Branka Uzelac, Slavica Ninković, Martin Raspor
Numerous biotechnological applications require a fast and efficient clonal propagation of whole plants under controlled laboratory conditions. For most plant species, the de novo regeneration of shoots from the cuttings of various plant organs can be obtained on nutrient media supplemented with plant hormones, auxin and cytokinin. While auxin is needed during the early stages of the process that include the establishment of pluripotent primordia and the subsequent acquisition of organogenic competence, cytokinin-supplemented media are required to induce these primordia to differentiate into developing shoots...
March 21, 2024: Biomolecules
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eunju Leem, Sehwan Kim, Chanchal Sharma, Youngpyo Nam, Tae Yeon Kim, Minsang Shin, Seok-Geun Lee, Jaekwang Kim, Sang Ryong Kim
Although granule cell dispersion (GCD) in the hippocampus is known to be an important feature associated with epileptic seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the endogenous molecules that regulate GCD are largely unknown. In the present study, we have examined whether there is any change in AEG-1 expression in the hippocampus of a kainic acid (KA)-induced mouse model of TLE. In addition, we have investigated whether the modulation of astrocyte elevated gene-1 ( AEG-1 ) expression in the dentate gyrus (DG) by intracranial injection of adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV1) influences pathological phenotypes such as GCD formation and seizure susceptibility in a KA-treated mouse...
March 20, 2024: Biomolecules
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marta Gil, Ana Caulino-Rocha, Marta Bento, Nádia C Rodrigues, Armando Silva-Cruz, Joaquim A Ribeiro, Diana Cunha-Reis
Long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by theta-burst stimulation (TBS) undergoes postweaning developmental changes partially linked to GABAergic circuit maturation. Endogenous vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) acting on its VPAC1 receptor strongly influences LTP induced by theta-burst stimulation (TBS), an effect dependent on GABAergic transmission. Although VPAC1 receptor levels are developmentally regulated during embryogenesis, their variation along postweaning development is unknown, as is the VPAC1 modulation of LTP or its relation to hippocampal GABAergic circuit maturation...
March 20, 2024: Biomolecules
#6
REVIEW
Xiangyu Gao, Dan Liu, Kangyi Yue, Zhuoyuan Zhang, Xiaofan Jiang, Peng Luo
Ischemic stroke is a fatal and disabling disease worldwide and imposes a significant burden on society. At present, biological markers that can be conveniently measured in body fluids are lacking for the diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and there are no effective treatment methods to improve neurological function after ischemic stroke. Therefore, new ways of diagnosing and treating ischemic stroke are urgently needed. The neurovascular unit, composed of neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and other components, plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of ischemic stroke...
March 20, 2024: Biomolecules
#7
REVIEW
Elisa Gascón, Pilar Zaragoza, Ana Cristina Calvo, Rosario Osta
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that comprises sporadic (sALS) and familial (fALS) cases, is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons, leading to muscle atrophy and various clinical manifestations. However, the complex underlying mechanisms affecting this disease are not yet known. On the other hand, there is also no good prognosis of the disease due to the lack of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Therefore, in this study, by means of bioinformatics analysis, sALS-affected muscle tissue was analyzed using the GEO GSE41414 dataset, identifying 397 differentially expressed genes (DEGs)...
March 20, 2024: Biomolecules
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simran Mangwani-Mordani, Amanda Prislovsky, Daniel Stephenson, Charles E Chalfant, Anat Galor, Nawajes Mandal
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generate pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids via three different metabolic pathways. This study profiled tear PUFAs and their metabolites and examined the relationships with dry eye (DE) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) symptoms and signs. A total of 40 individuals with normal eyelids and corneal anatomies were prospectively recruited. The symptoms and signs of DE and MGD were assessed, and tear samples (from the right eye) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Mann-Whitney U tests assessed differences between medians; Spearman tests assessed correlations between continuous variables; and linear regression models assessed the impact of potential confounders...
March 20, 2024: Biomolecules
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Buket Rüffer, Yvonne Thielmann, Moritz Lemke, Alexander Minges, Georg Groth
The plant hormone ethylene is a key regulator of plant growth, development, and stress adaptation. Many ethylene-related responses, such as abscission, seed germination, or ripening, are of great importance to global agriculture. Ethylene perception and response are mediated by a family of integral membrane receptors (ETRs), which form dimers and higher-order oligomers in their functional state as determined by the binding of Cu(I), a cofactor to their transmembrane helices in the ER-Golgi endomembrane system...
March 20, 2024: Biomolecules
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jagat Adhikari, James Heffernan, Melissa Edeling, Estefania Fernandez, Prashant N Jethva, Michael S Diamond, Daved H Fremont, Michael L Gross
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) remains a global public health concern due to its epidemiological distribution and the existence of multiple strains. Neutralizing antibodies against this infection have shown efficacy in in vivo studies. Thus, elucidation of the epitopes of neutralizing antibodies can aid in the design and development of effective vaccines against different strains of JEV. Here, we describe a combination of native mass spectrometry (native-MS) and hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) to complete screening of eight mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against JEV E-DIII to identify epitope regions...
March 20, 2024: Biomolecules
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikhail N Sokolov, Vladimir V Rozhkov, Maria E Uspenskaya, Darya N Ulchenko, Vladimir I Shmygarev, Vladimir M Trukhan, Andrei V Churakov, Nikolay L Shimanovsky, Tatiana A Fedotcheva
In order to evaluate the role of substituents at 3-C and 17-C in the cytotoxic and cytoprotective actions of DHEA and 5-AED molecules, their derivatives were synthesized by esterification using the corresponding acid anhydrides or acid chlorides. As a result, seven compounds were obtained: four DHEA derivatives (DHEA 3-propionate, DHEA 3-butanoate, DHEA 3-acetate, DHEA 3-methylsulfonate) and three 5-AED derivatives (5-AED 3-butanoate, 5-AED 3,17-dipropionate, 5-AED 3,17-dibutanoate). All of these compounds showed micromolar cytotoxic activity toward HeLa and K562 human cancer cells...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hung-Yun Lin, Chung-Hsiao Liu, Yong-Ting Kang, Sin-Wei Lin, Hsin-Yun Liu, Chun-Ting Lee, Yu-Chen Liu, Man-Chun Hsu, Ya-Yun Chien, Shao-Ming Hong, Yun-Hsuan Cheng, Bing-You Hsieh, Han-Jia Lin
Diatoms, efficient carbon capture organisms, contribute to 20% of global carbon fixation and 40% of ocean primary productivity, garnering significant attention to their growth. Despite their significance, the synthesis mechanism of polyamines (PAs), especially spermidine (Spd), which are crucial for growth in various organisms, remains unexplored in diatoms. This study reveals the vital role of Spd, synthesized through the spermidine synthase (SDS)-based pathway, in the growth of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum ...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia Cattane, Maria Grazia Di Benedetto, Ilari D'Aprile, Marco Andrea Riva, Annamaria Cattaneo
Exposure to early-life stress (ELS) has been related to an increased susceptibility to psychiatric disorders later in life. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are still under investigation, glucocorticoid signaling has been proposed to be a key mediator. Here, we used two preclinical models, the prenatal stress (PNS) animal model and an in vitro model of hippocampal progenitor cells, to assess the long-term effect of ELS on FKBP5 , NR3C1 , NR3C2 , and FoxO1 , four stress-responsive genes involved in the effects of glucocorticoids...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gubidat Alilova, Lyudmila Tikhonova, Carmina Montoliu, Elena Kosenko
(1) Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the frequently prescribed antiepileptic drugs and is generally considered well tolerated. However, VPA neurologic adverse effects in the absence of liver failure are fairly common, suggesting that in the mechanism for the development of VPA-induced encephalopathy, much more is involved than merely the exposure to hyperammonemia (HA) caused by liver insufficiency to perform detoxification. Taking into account the importance of the relationship between an impaired brain energy metabolism and elevated ammonia production, and based on the ability of VPA to interfere with neuronal oxidative pathways, the current study intended to investigate a potential regional ammoniagenic effect of VPA on rats' brains by determining activities of the enzymes responsible for ammonia production and neutralization...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge Sánchez-SanMartín, Sebastián L Márquez, Giannina Espina, Rodrigo Cortés-Antiquera, Junsong Sun, Jenny M Blamey
Laccases are industrially relevant enzymes that have gained great biotechnological importance. To date, most are of fungal and mesophilic origin; however, enzymes from extremophiles possess an even greater potential to withstand industrial conditions. In this study, we evaluate the potential of a recombinant spore-coat laccase from the thermoalkaliphilic bacterium Bacillus sp. FNT (FNTL) to biodegrade antibiotics from the tetracycline, β-lactams, and fluoroquinolone families. This extremozyme was previously characterized as being thermostable and highly active in a wide range of temperatures (20-90 °C) and very versatile towards several structurally different substrates, including recalcitrant environmental pollutants such as PAHs and synthetic dyes...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Wang, Yulang Xie, Ningning Xue, Hao Xu, Dunfang Zhang, Ning Ji, Qianming Chen
In pulpitis, dentinal restorative processes are considerably associated with undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the pulp. This study aimed to investigate strategies to improve the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in an inflammatory environment. After pretreatment of DPSCs with 20 ng/mL tumor necrosis factor-induced protein-6 (TSG-6), DPSCs were cultured in an inflammation-inducing solution. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to measure the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and odonto/osteogenic differentiation markers, respectively...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebekkah J Hitti-Malin, Daan M Panneman, Zelia Corradi, Erica G M Boonen, Galuh Astuti, Claire-Marie Dhaenens, Heidi Stöhr, Bernhard H F Weber, Dror Sharon, Eyal Banin, Marianthi Karali, Sandro Banfi, Tamar Ben-Yosef, Damjan Glavač, G Jane Farrar, Carmen Ayuso, Petra Liskova, Lubica Dudakova, Marie Vajter, Monika Ołdak, Jacek P Szaflik, Anna Matynia, Michael B Gorin, Kati Kämpjärvi, Miriam Bauwens, Elfride De Baere, Carel B Hoyng, Catherina H Z Li, Caroline C W Klaver, Chris F Inglehearn, Kaoru Fujinami, Carlo Rivolta, Rando Allikmets, Jana Zernant, Winston Lee, Osvaldo L Podhajcer, Ana Fakin, Jana Sajovic, Alaa AlTalbishi, Sandra Valeina, Gita Taurina, Andrea L Vincent, Lisa Roberts, Raj Ramesar, Giovanna Sartor, Elena Luppi, Susan M Downes, L Ingeborgh van den Born, Terri L McLaren, John N De Roach, Tina M Lamey, Jennifer A Thompson, Fred K Chen, Anna M Tracewska, Smaragda Kamakari, Juliana Maria Ferraz Sallum, Hanno J Bolz, Hülya Kayserili, Susanne Roosing, Frans P M Cremers
Inherited macular dystrophies (iMDs) are a group of genetic disorders, which affect the central region of the retina. To investigate the genetic basis of iMDs, we used single-molecule Molecular Inversion Probes to sequence 105 maculopathy-associated genes in 1352 patients diagnosed with iMDs. Within this cohort, 39.8% of patients were considered genetically explained by 460 different variants in 49 distinct genes of which 73 were novel variants, with some affecting splicing. The top five most frequent causative genes were ABCA4 (37...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Georgian Alin Toader, Valentin Titus Grigorean, Mariana Ionita
A hybrid material, consisting of commercially available nitrocellulose (NC) membrane non-covalently modified with amino-polyethylene glycol functionalized reduced graphene oxide (NH2 -PEG-rGO) nanoparticles, was successfully synthesized for oligonucleotide extraction. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the modification of the NC membrane, revealing characteristic peaks of both compounds, i.e., NC and NH2 -PEG-rGO. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) exhibited morphological changes in the NC/NH2 -PEG-rGO hybrid membrane, marked by the introduction of NH2 -PEG-rGO particles, resulting in a distinctly smothered surface compared to the porous surface of the NC control membrane...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naeyma N Islam, Caleb A Weber, Matt Coban, Liam T Cocker, Fabienne C Fiesel, Wolfdieter Springer, Thomas R Caulfield
Complete loss-of-function mutations in the PRKN gene are a major cause of early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). PRKN encodes the Parkin protein, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that works in conjunction with the ubiquitin kinase PINK1 in a distinct quality control pathway to tag damaged mitochondria for autophagic clearance, i.e., mitophagy. According to previous structural investigations, Parkin protein is typically kept in an inactive conformation via several intramolecular, auto-inhibitory interactions. Here, we performed molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) to provide insights into conformational changes occurring during the de-repression of Parkin and the gain of catalytic activity...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
#20
REVIEW
Muhammad Begawan Bestari, Ignatius Ronaldi Joewono, Ari Fahrial Syam
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the most lethal type of cancer; it has the lowest 5-year survival rate among all other types of cancers. More than half of PC cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to PC's insidious and non-specific symptoms. Surgery remains the most efficacious treatment option currently available, but only 10-20% of PC cases are resectable upon diagnosis. As of now, the sole biomarker approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) for PC is carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9); however, its use is limited for early diagnosis...
March 19, 2024: Biomolecules
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