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Journals Journal of Clinical & Experime...

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology

https://read.qxmd.com/read/31192031/mitochondrial-haplogroup-l1c2-is-associated-with-increased-disease-severity-in-african-american-patients-with-primary-open-angle-glaucoma
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qi N Cui, Meera S Ramakrishnan, Harini V Gudiseva, David W Collins, Maxwell Pistilli, Roy Lee, Venkata M Chavali, Amanda Lehman, Victoria M Addis, Joan M O'Brien
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role mitochondrial inheritance plays in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) characteristics in African Americans. Methods: POAG cases from the L1c2 and L1b mitochondrial haplogroups were compared in a retrospective case-case study. Twenty-six pairs of self-identified African American POAG cases from L1c2 and L1b mitochondrial haplogroups matched on age (mean [SD] = 71.2 [9.6] and 71.3 [9.6] years, respectively; p = 0...
2019: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30613435/disintegrin-integrin-binding-for-attachment-of-polymer-substrate-to-the-retina
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandra Gonzalez-Calle, Rodrigo Brant, Bruno Diniz, Steven Swenson, Frank Markland, Mark S Humayun, James D Weiland
Objective: We propose a novel attachment method for retinal tissue that utilizes silicone modified with bioactive molecules. Design: This is an experimental study divided into an in vitro section performed in cadaveric pig eyes and an in vivo section performed in rabbits. Subjects: During in vitro experiments 36 cadaveric pig eyes were used. During in vivo experiments 4 rabbits were used. Methods: Different types of silicone went through a laser irradiation process to determine if binding sites for disintegrins could be created...
2018: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30370177/prevalence-of-hepatocyte-growth-factor-and-autoantibodies-to-%C3%AE-hgf-as-a-new-etiology-for-bilateral-diffuse-uveal-melanocytic-proliferation-masquerading-as-neovascular-age-related-macular-degeneration
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John H Niffenegger, Arysol Soltero, James S Niffenegger, Sufang Yang, Grazyna Adamus
Objective: The goal was to test the hypothesis that high serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and retinal autoantibodies against α-HGF contribute to the pathology of bilateral diffuse melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP). Methods: Case report of an elderly diagnosed with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (n-AMD) treated with bilateral Bevacizumab injections. Examination included comprehensive ophthalmic examination and images obtained by fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and B-scan ultrasonography...
2018: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29805843/a-triple-mutation-of-betab2-crystallin-is-necessary-to-develop-cataract-and-glaucoma
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne Rübsam, Jennifer E Dulle, Sarah J Garnai, Hermant S Pawar, Patrice E Fort
Crystallins are the predominant structural proteins in the lens that are evolutionarily related to stress proteins. There are two main crystallin gene families: α-crystallins and β/γ-crystallins. α- and β-crystallins were first considered to be lens-specific, but were recently recognized also as neuronal and retinal proteins. While in the ocular lens they are responsible for the maintenance of the transparency, their function in neurons is obviously different - regulating various protective mechanisms in degenerative conditions of the central nervous system...
October 2017: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28932621/the-scheie-visual-field-grading-system
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prithvi S Sankar, Laura O'Keefe, Daniel Choi, Rebecca Salowe, Eydie Miller-Ellis, Amanda Lehman, Victoria Addis, Meera Ramakrishnan, Vikas Natesh, Gideon Whitehead, Naira Khachatryan, Joan O'Brien
OBJECTIVE: No method of grading visual field (VF) defects has been widely accepted throughout the glaucoma community. The SCHEIE (Systematic Classification of Humphrey visual fields-Easy Interpretation and Evaluation) grading system for glaucomatous visual fields was created to convey qualitative and quantitative information regarding visual field defects in an objective, reproducible, and easily applicable manner for research purposes. METHODS: The SCHEIE grading system is composed of a qualitative and quantitative score...
June 2017: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28149669/survey-of-experts-on-current-endothelial-keratoplasty-techniques
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Winston Chamberlain, Ariana Austin, Mark Terry, Bennie H Jeng, Jennifer Rose-Nussbaumer
OBJECTIVE: To survey cornea specialists' opinions on different endothelial keratoplasty techniques and to gauge the perceived need for and utility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing them. METHODS: A short survey was distributed to a group of cornea specialists at the Endothelial Keratoplasty Group meeting at the American Academy of Ophthalmology meeting in November 2015. RESULTS: Thirty-three of 80 practicing surgeons present at the EKG meeting participated in the survey, yielding a response rate of 41%...
October 2016: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28018708/clinical-outcomes-of-descemet-membrane-endothelial-keratoplasty-during-the-surgeon-learning-curve-versus-descemet-stripping-endothelial-keratoplasty-performed-at-the-same-time
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Rose-Nussbaumer, Shashi Alloju, Winston Chamberlain
PURPOSE: To compare outcomes after Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) and traditional Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSEK) during the surgeon's DMEK learning curve in a prospective, non-randomized, consecutive, interventional case series. METHODS: Consecutive patients presenting to the university eye clinics and undergoing endothelial keratoplasty were included. Data including patient demographics, visual acuity, endothelial cell counts and complications were recorded at baseline, as well as 3 and 6 months post-operatively...
October 2016: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27790380/aqueous-humor-outflow-structure-and-function-imaging-at-the-bench-and-bedside-a-review
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alex S Huang, Chirayu Mohindroo, Robert N Weinreb
Anterior segment glaucoma clinical care and research has recently gained new focus because of novel imaging modalities and the advent of angle-based surgical treatments. Traditional investigation drawn to the trabecular meshwork now emphasizes the entire conventional aqueous humor outflow (AHO) pathway from the anterior chamber to the episcleral vein. AHO investigation can be divided into structural and functional assessments using different methods. The historical basis for studying the anterior segment of the eye and AHO in glaucoma is discussed...
August 2016: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27917303/mir-146a-is-upregulated-during-retinal-pigment-epithelium-rpe-choroid-aging-in-mice-and-represses-il-6-and-vegf-a-expression-in-rpe-cells
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Hao, Qinbo Zhou, Jing Ma, Yun Zhao, Shusheng Wang
PURPOSE: MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) has been proposed as a marker for age-associated inflammation, or "inflammaging", acting as a negative regulator of cellular senescence and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. However, the regulation and function of miR-146 during ocular aging remains unclear. Here we propose that miR-146 is regulated during aging of the retina and choroid, and functions in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells to regulate key genes involved in inflammation and angiogenesis...
June 2016: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27482471/multimodal-imaging-of-the-white-dot-syndromes-and-related-diseases
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jared E Knickelbein, H Nida Sen
The white dot syndromes encompass a group of rare posterior uveitis conditions that are characterized by outer retinal and/or choroidal hypopigmented lesions that are thought to be inflammatory in nature. The size, shape, and location of lesions in the fundus aid in differentiating these conditions. Multimodal imaging, including modalities such as fundus autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography, among others, has become integral in diagnosing and monitoring many of the white dot syndromes...
June 2016: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28540138/microbial-keratitis-at-an-urban-public-hospital-a-10-year-update
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David T Truong, Minh-Thuy Bui, Pauras Memon, H Dwight Cavanagh
PURPOSE: To review the epidemiology, risk factors, microbiologic spectrum, and treatment of microbial keratitis during a five-year period at an urban public hospital with comparison to similar findings a decade earlier at the same hospital. METHODS: Retrospective chart review in the 5-year interval 2009 through 2014 compared to previously reported cases 2000 through 2004 [Eye & Contact Lens 33(1): 45-49, 2007]. Comparative primary outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), risk factors, culture and sensitivities, treatment, and complication rates...
December 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28409060/visual-function-and-its-relationship-with-severity-of-early-and-activity-of-neovascular-age-related-macular-degeneration
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James Loughman, Sarah Sabour-Pickett, John M Nolan, Barbara Klein, Ronald Klein, Stephen Beatty
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between visual function and severity of early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and activity of neovascular (nv-) AMD. METHODS: The following data was collected from 66 eyes of 66 subjects with early AMD and 47 eyes of 47 subjects with active nv-AMD: corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA); contrast sensitivity (CS); glare disability (GD); and retinotopic ocular sensitivity (ROS) of the central 5° of the retina, by microperimetry...
October 27, 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26807306/pressure-induced-alterations-in-pedf-and-pedf-r-expression-implications-for-neuroprotective-signaling-in-glaucoma
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sean J Lee, D'Anne S Duncan, Franklin D Echevarria, William M McLaughlin, Jeremy B Hatcher, Rebecca M Sappington
INTRODUCTION: Alterations in neuron-glia signaling are implicated in glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) is a secreted protein with potential neuroprotective qualities in retinal disease, including chronic ocular hypertension. Here we sought to determine whether moderate, short-term elevations in IOP alter PEDF signaling and whether pressure-induced PEDF signaling directly impacts RGC apoptosis...
October 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26807305/imbalance-of-the-nerve-growth-factor-and-its-precursor-implication-in-diabetic-retinopathy
#14
Riyaz Mohamed, Azza B El-Remessy
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working age in US and worldwide. Neurotrophins including nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) are known to be essential for growth, differentiation and survival of neurons in the developing and mature retina. Nevertheless, a growing body of evidence supports an emerging role of neurotrophins in retinal diseases and in particular, diabetic retinopathy. Neurotrophins are initially synthesized in a pro-form and undergo proteolytic cleavage to produce the mature form that activates two distinctive receptors, the tyrosine kinase tropomycin receptor (Trk) and, to lesser extent, the common low affinity p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR))...
October 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26744635/biocompatibility-of-a-synthetic-biopolymer-for-the-treatment-of-rhegmatogenous-retinal-detachment
#15
Shanta Sarfare, Yann Dacquay, Syed Askari, Steven Nusinowitz, Jean-Pierre Hubschman
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the retinal safety and toxicity of a novel synthetic biopolymer to be used as a patch to treat rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: Thirty one adult wild type albino mice were divided in 2 groups. In Group A (n=9) 0.2 μl balanced salt solution (BSS) and in Group B (n=22), 0.2 μl biopolymer was injected in the subretinal space. Trans-scleral subretinal injection was performed in one eye and the fellow eye was used as control...
October 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26664770/primary-open-angle-glaucoma-in-individuals-of-african-descent-a-review-of-risk-factors
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca Salowe, Julia Salinas, Neil H Farbman, Aishat Mohammed, Joshua Z Warren, Allison Rhodes, Alexander Brucker, Meredith Regina, Eydie Miller-Ellis, Prithvi S Sankar, Amanda Lehman, Joan M O'Brien
OBJECTIVE: To identify the major risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in individuals of African descent. METHODS: We searched PubMed for relevant articles, with results spanning April 1947 to present. All abstracts were reviewed and, where relevant to POAG and race, articles were catalogued and analyzed. Additional sources were identified through citations in articles returned by our search. RESULTS: Numerous potential POAG risk factors were identified and organized into categories by demographics (age, sex, and skin color), lifestyle choices (smoking, alcohol), comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, and obesity), ophthalmic findings (eye structure, central corneal thickness, corneal hysteresis, elevated intraocular pressure, myopia, cataract, and vascular abnormalities), family history, socioeconomic status, and adherence...
August 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26301126/immunology-of-corneal-allografts-insights-from-animal-models
#17
Jerry Y Niederkorn
Corneal transplantation stands alone as the most common and successful form of solid organ transplantation. Even though HLA matching and systemic antirejection drugs are not routinely used, 90% of the first time corneal allografts will succeed. By contrast, all other major categories of organ transplantation require HLA matching and the use of systemically administered immunosuppressive drugs. This remarkable success of corneal transplants under these conditions is an example of "immune privilege" and is the primary reason for the extraordinary success of corneal transplantation...
June 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26973797/beyond-hba1c-environmental-risk-factors-for-diabetic-retinopathy
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristen Harris Nwanyanwu, Paula-Anne Newman-Casey, Thomas W Gardner, Jennifer I Lim
Diabetic retinopathy affects 4.2 million people in the United States and is the leading cause of blindness in working-aged people. As the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, cost-effective interventions to decrease blindness from diabetic retinopathy will be paramount. While HbA1c and duration of disease are known risk factors, they account for only 11% of the risk of developing microvascular complications from the disease. The assessment of environmental risk factors for diabetic eye disease allows for the determination of modifiable population-level challenges that may be addressed to facilitate the end of blindness from diabetes...
April 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26807304/methotrexate-as-a-corticosteroid-sparing-agent-for-thyroid-eye-disease
#19
Erick Rivera-Grana, Phoebe Lin, Eric B Suhler, James T Rosenbaum
OBJECTIVE: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is generally treated with oral corticosteroid therapy. A steroid sparing drug could be a useful adjunct. We reviewed our experience with methotrexate as a corticosteroid sparing agent to treat TED. METHODS: Retrospective chart review from two eye inflammation clinics. Patients with TED who were unable to discontinue prednisone therapy without disease recurrence were included. RESULTS: 14 patients who were receiving an average of 32 mg/day of prednisone were treated with methotrexate, usually 15 mg/week orally or 20 mg/week subcutaneously...
April 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26301125/assesment-of-conjunctival-microangiopathy-in-a-patient-with-diabetes-mellitus-using-the-retinal-function-imager
#20
Nicole Stuebiger, William Smiddy, Jianhua Wang, Hong Jiang, Delia Cabrera DeBuc
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is notorious for causing retinal microangiopathy, but bulbar conjunctival microangiopathy (CM) mirroring the established retinal vessel changes, has also been observed. Recent studies suggest that CM occurs in all DM patients in various degrees depending on disease severity and occur even before non-proliferative retinopathy develops. Thus, CM might provide a means of early detection or even form a basis for early intervention of disease progression in DM patients. Herein we present - to our knowledge for the first time-the feasibility and applicability in diagnostic imaging of CM in a diabetic patient using a commercially available Retinal Function Imager (RFI, Optical Imaging Ltd, Rehovot, Israel)...
February 2015: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
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