Annals of Parasitology

Thubunaea acostai sp. nov. is described and illustrated here, based on specimens found in the digestive tract of Liolaemus gracielae in the province of San Juan, Argentina. The new species differs from all other species assigned to Thubunaea by the number of caudal papillae. Thubunaea acostai sp. nov. has 30-31 papillae (12 pedunculated and 18-19 sessile), differing from other Neotropical species such as Thubunaea eleodori with 26 papillae (12 pedunculated and 14 sessile) and Thubunaea parkeri with 20 papillae, all pedunculated...

Duddingtonia flagrans is a nematode trapping fungus used for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in livestock. The quantity of chlamydospores of D. flagrans required for the reduction of third-stage larvae (L3) of sheep gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) is largely unknown, and a matter of discussion. The aim of this experiment was to determine in vitro the nematophagous activity of four different concentrations of D. flagrans (1000, 3000, 6250, or 11000 chlamydospores/ml) in the presence of varying numbers of GIN third-stage larvae (L3) (500, 1000, 1500)...

Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. zoonotic infections may cause severe systemic and ocular illness in infected individuals. Cats play a significant role in environmental contamination and the transmission of parasites. The goal of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Toxocara spp. infection among stray cats at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences campus. The current descriptive study began with the collection of 170 fresh cat faecal samples from various sites in the Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences area...

The study involved the estimation of the prevalence of Entamoeba spp. using microscopy and molecular techniques among symptomatic outpatients during April 2021 to March, 2022. Stool samples were collected from 2592 outpatients with amoebiasis symptoms of both sexes and different ages (≤ l to 60). Also, 107 stool samples were taken randomly from asymptomatic individuals and examined microscopically to detect infection with Entamoeba spp. the positive specimens were used for molecular analysis with positive symptomatic samples targeting the 18S rRNA gene by nested PCR...

Aquatic systems are affected by highly variable environmental conditions, including salinity changes. Changes in salinity may be gradual or sudden; such as evaporation during summer and warm periods which in turn either reduce or increase salinity. Parasites are the most common in aquatic ecosystems and their transmission is strongly influenced by environmental conditions. However, the effect of salinity on the transmission of water-dwelling parasites has not been well studied. The present study aimed to detect the effects of long-period exposure to salinity on parasites in the marshes of southern Iraq as a result of low water levels in the Tigris, Euphrates, and Shatt Al-Arab in recent years...

Regular monitoring of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for the management of uncomplicated malaria in healthcare facilities is a key factor in improving diagnostic quality and ensuring better case management. This study aimed to assess the performance of five RDTs (Standard Q Malaria P.f Ag and Standard Q Malaria P.f/Pan (SD Biosensor, Korea), One Step Malaria HRP2/pLDH (P.f/Pan) (Guangzhou Wondfo Biotech Co., Ltd., China), Malaria Pf/Pan (B&O Pharm, France), and Malaria test P.f/pan (Das Labor, Germany)) in two healthcare facilities in Abidjan...

USUV in Europe is detected in vectors (mosquitoes) and has a reservoir in vertebrates. There are known fatal epidemics among birds, especially blackbirds. Currently, USUV also causes rare infections in humans. However, the emergence of clinical cases, including severe neurological symptoms, and the finding of seroprevalence in asymptomatic people (e.g. blood donors, forest workers), indicate that USUV, due to its neurotropism, may become a potential public health problem. Therefore, it is very important to monitor cases infections in humans, migratory and resident birds and other animals that may constitute a reservoir of the virus, but also detection of the virus in mosquitoes (vectors), including alien and invasive species, as well as the impact of climatic factors on the ability to spread the virus in the Europe...

The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in goats of Suryabinayak Municipality, Bhaktapur, Nepal. A total of 300 faecal samples of goats were collected from the study area from July to August 2021 and subjected to direct smear, sedimentation, and flotation techniques for coprological examination. The study revealed that 86% of samples were positive for GI parasites with 15 genera, including six genera of protozoan, and nine genera of helminths. Age-dependent prevalence of helminth parasites was higher in adult goats (75%) than that young ones...

Leishmaniosis is a tropical neglected parasitic disease that is endemic in many countries, including Middle East, with no existing effective vaccines. The bite of female sand-fly transmits the causative agent, Leishmania spp., to humans. High toxicity, resistance and treatment failure of the available chemotherapy against visceral leishmaniosis demands the investigation of new anti-leishmanial compounds. Lupeol is a form of triterpene isolated from several medicinal plants and possesses an antimicrobial property...

Shrews and small rodents inhabit the drainage channel banks in reclai med areas and have their own helminth complex. The aim of the study is to conduct the 3rd research period during 2015-2019 the helminth fauna of these animals living on the drainage channel banks of model reclamation systems in Brest Polesie (south-western part of Belarus), to establish the species composition of helminths and the animal infection by these, and to compare the data obtained with previous research periods. 4,000 trap-days were worked out...

Representatives of the genus Acanthamoeba are among the most widespread protists in the environment. They have a ubiquitous distribution and can sometimes cause quite serious pathologies in humans. The treatment ofp rotozoal infections caused by free-living amoebae is currently limited and often unsuccessful. In the presented investigation, amebicidal activity was determined against both the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba spp., which were isolated during the microbiological examination of environmental objects...

Treatment of liver hydatid cysts is still in most cases surgical. To avoid the recurrence of hydatid cysts injection of scolicidal products inside the cystic cavity is an important step in the surgical procedure. Many scolicidal solutions are used. Hypertonic Saline Solution (HSS) is widely used by surgeons; however, there is a risk of hypertonic saline resorption and acute hypernatremia. Iatrogenic hypernatremia can be life-threatening. We report three cases of hypernatremia secondary to HSS injection for hydatid cyst disease treatment...

Schistosomiasis is a common neglected helminthic disease in the tropics and sub-tropics particularly in sub-Saharan countries including Burkina Faso. It is the second world parasitic endemic disease after malaria. The two prevalent species infecting human in Burkina Faso are are Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni which cause respectively the urogenital schistosomiasis and the intestinal schistosomiasis. This review aimed at providing an historical perspective of research on schistosomiasis from 1960 to 2020 and shedding some light on the gaps in knowledge useful for the disease control and the elimination efforts in Burkina Faso...

Acanthocephalans are grouped in a single phylum, having a cosmopolitan distribution and subdivided into several genera. Although species of this parasite genus have birds and mammals as definitive hosts, they have been reported in amphibians and reptiles, and have been noted as paratenic hosts. In this study we report the record of Rhinella major as a new paratenic host for the Centrorhynchus sp. from an urban area of the Brazilian Amazon. In this study, for the morphometric measurements to take place, the parasitic specimens found were fixed and preserved in an alcoholic liquid medium and the identification of the parasites found were confirmed by specialized literature...

We aimed to present an alternate method instead of PCR-RFLP and also develop an optimized method for rapid, time-saving and affordable molecular-based approach to discriminate species of liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Seventy-six samples of F. hepatica and 28 F. gigantica were collected from the slaughterhouses of endemic regions in Iran. Following a comprehensive analysis of the mitochondrial complete sequences of both F. hepatica and F. gigantica, the extracted DNAs from all samples were used as templates in multiplex PCR reactions containing two sets of primers specific for cytochrome c oxidase I (cox I) gene of both species...

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a live attenuated strain derived from an isolate of Mycobacterium bovis, is one of the childhood vaccinations widely used against tuberculosis (TB). In addition to its effects on mycobacterial diseases, the information has shown the protection effect of BCG in helminthic diseases. In the current review, the role of BCG vaccine in non-specific protection helminthic infection is reviewed. In human alveolar echinococcosis (AE), treatment with BCG enhances host's innate immune response against the parasite via the number and activation of monocytes...

In the experiment, 160 medicinal leeches of the species Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820 were studied. Medicinal leeches were fed on the blood of animals and people (conditionally healthy and diseased). Four leeches were taken from each animal/person. The animals were studied for 3 weeks. Mortality was mostly observed in the first days after feeding on the blood of the host. We noted mortality, the appearance of constrictions on the leeches' body, the intensity of the host blood spitting from their body. The host's blood was taken from their stomach on the first day after feeding...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The first bite by deer ked Lipoptena cervi (Linnaeus, 1758) on humans has been reported from Slovakia. The host was bitten on the head and neck. Pain and itching appeared immediately after the bite. The skin lesion persisted for several weeks. Although the first documented case of human stings is published here, bites may have occurred in the past, albeit rarely.

Medicinal leeches are used for therapeutic purposes in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Because they have a large amount of biologically active substances in their body. Each of these substances has many therapeutic effects. In natural conditions, they are mostly are fed of blood by wild animals. In laboratory conditions, the blood of domestic animals is mostly used.  Currently, medicinal leeches are mostly bred in laboratory conditions. Because there are very few of them in nature. They are listed in the Red Book...