Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) is a rare dermatosis that typically develops in adolescents and young adults. Clinical characteristics include hyperkeratotic papules that coalesce centrally with a reticulated pattern peripherally on the central and upper trunk, neck, and axilla. Its etiology is not precisely known, and disordered keratinization has been postulated as one of the etiologies. Treatment options of the disease include systemic (such as antibiotics, antifungals, and retinoids) and topical treatments (such as lactic acid, antifungals, retinoids, salicylic acid, urea, tacrolimus, and vitamin D analogs)...

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder of the skin. The most common subtype of CTCL in pediatrics is mycosis fungoides (MF). There are multiple variants of MF. The hypopigmented variant represents more than 50% of MF cases in pediatrics. Misdiagnosis of MF can occur because it may resemble other benign skin pathologies. This is a case of an 11-year-old Palestinian boy presented with generalized nonpruritic hypopigmented maculopapular patches with progressive course for 9-months. Biopsy samples from a hypopigmented patch revealed appearances diagnostic of MF...

INTRODUCTION: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a small-vessel vasculitis characterized by immune complex deposition in the walls of dermal capillaries and venules. With the COVID-19 pandemic, more adults are receiving the MMR vaccine, as it may enhance innate immune responses against COVID-19 infection. Here, we report a case of LCV and associated conjunctivitis arising in a patient secondary to immunization with the MMR vaccine. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 78-year-old man on lenalidomide therapy for multiple myeloma presented to an outpatient dermatology clinic with a two-day history of a painful rash consisting of scattered pink dermal papules on bilateral dorsal and palmar hands, as well as bilateral conjunctival erythema...

Granulosis rubra nasi is a rare autosomal dominant disease of the eccrine glands. It is clinically characterized by mid-face hyperhidrosis, most prominent at the tip of the nose, and dark erythematous papules on the nose, cheeks, chin, and upper lip. Although it commonly occurs in childhood, it can also occur in adults. This is a case report of two female granulosis rubra nasi patients. This report, to the best of my knowledge, has not before been described in Ethiopian individuals and is hence being reported due to its rarity...

We report a very rare case of pathologically confirmed sebaceous carcinoma of the glans penis with multiple areas of lymphovascular and perineural invasion and multiple lymph node metastases. The importance of immunohistochemical staining in diagnosis is also reviewed.

While most forms of sarcoidosis of the skin do not require treatment, 40% of patients initially diagnosed with cutaneous sarcoidosis are found to have an asymptomatic disease involving other organ systems. It is the involvement of the lungs, heart, eyes, and nervous system which most often contributes to morbidity/mortality. An early and accurate diagnosis of sarcoidosis is difficult because patients may be asymptomatic, initial presentations may vary, and there is no single reliable diagnostic test except biopsy...

BACKGROUND: The cosmetic use of skin bleaching products is common among women in sub-Saharan Africa despite numerous reported cutaneous and systemic complications. We report the first case of squamous cell carcinoma in a woman using skin bleaching products in Togo. Case Report . A 65-year-old woman with a 30-year history of skin bleaching products use consulted in dermatology for a tumor of the neck that had been evolving for 2 years. There was no personal or family history of cancer...

Lymphangiectasia is dilatation of normal superficial lymphatic vessels due to damage or obstruction of deep lymphatic vessels leading to increased lymphatic pressure and engorgement of dermal lymphatics due to varying causes. Lymphangiectasia clinically presents as thick-walled, translucent vesicles and papules with chronic lymphedema rarely involving the scrotum. Here we report a patient with acquired lymphangiectasia of the scrotum secondary to surgery for hydrocele successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation...

There is growing evidence that vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can cause various skin reactions, many of which have autoimmune origins. These specific vaccine-induced autoimmune conditions with cutaneous manifestations include lupus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid, vitiligo, alopecia areata, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV). In particular, LCV, which is also called hypersensitivity vasculitis, is an inflammation of small blood vessels. We present a case of an 81-year-old male evaluated in the emergency department for a bilateral purpuric non-blanching rash that appeared ten days after receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech booster vaccine against SARS-CoV-2...

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory papulosquamous disorder which affects around 2% of the world's population. A peak exacerbation in psoriatic symptoms was noted during COVID-19 due to lack of access to dermatological care mixed with heightened emotional stress during the pandemic. This case report describes a 52-year-old admitted male patient who sustained a diffuse rash on multiple areas of his body a week prior to testing positive for COVID-19. We explore plausible causes for the occurrence of the rash, discuss our treatment plan, include relevant clinical pictures, and review published literature to examine conditions that present similarly to the rash seen in our patient...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with a spectrum of cutaneous immune-related adverse events. While maculopapular eruptions are the most common cutaneous adverse event, scleroderma can rarely develop. Herein, we report a case of new-onset scleroderma associated with avelumab treatment in the setting of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The pathophysiology of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced scleroderma is not completely understood. A proposed mechanism is discussed along with the clinical presentation of symptoms and associated therapeutic response in cancer treatment...

BACKGROUND: Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign skin disease that has four clinical variants including localized, generalized, perforating, and subcutaneous GA. The most common type is localized GA, followed by generalized GA. Generalized GA was defined as at least 10 widespread annular plagues and frequently on the trunk, face, neck, and extremities. The diagnosis was made by clinical and histopathology. Generalized GA was difficult to treat. Case Presentation . We presented a Thai woman with nonscaly annular papules and plaques on the trunk and all extremities...

Marjolin's ulcer is one of the clinical variants of squamous-cell carcinoma. It is a highly aggressive disease that develops from chronic wounds. Almost 65% of these lesions have been diagnosed on underlying burn scars. Although the mean latency time between the primary lesion and the apparition of the ulcer is around 25 years, some cases with an early debut have been described. Squamous-cell carcinomas arising in chronic wounds are typically aggressive and are related with a poor prognosis due to their late diagnosis...

This study describes a case of amelanotic lentigo maligna melanoma in a 69-year-old female that had been growing for approximately 5 years. The asymptomatic lesion had been previously diagnosed and treated as a fungal skin infection, an inflammatory rash, and an actinic keratosis that did not respond to standard treatments. Biopsy revealed confluent and nested atypical melanocytes at the dermal-epidermal junction, consistent with melanoma in situ. Excisional biopsy revealed invasive lentigo maligna melanoma, Breslow depth 0...

A rare form of dermatofibroma (DF) is described in the literature as giant dermatofibroma. Due to the rarity and distinct presentation that can be confused with more sinister skin tumours, these can cause diagnostic uncertainty and require clinicopathologic correlation. Familiarity with this rare presentation of an otherwise common entity is required to prevent unnecessary clinical doubt and excessive interventions. We report a case of giant dermatofibroma on the leg of a 29-year-old healthy male that presented with a 7 cm, nonulcerated pink, brown plaque, adding to the limited literature of less than 30 known cases...

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine distribution continues to expand; however, increased cutaneous reactions have been reported. Several recent studies suggest a link between COVID-19 vaccination and the development of various cutaneous complications. Lichen planus is a chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory dermatological illness with an unclear etiology. In this case report, we assessed the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer) and lichen planus diagnosis and evaluated the link between additional doses of the vaccine and disease progression...

Interstitial mycosis fungoides is a rare histopathologic variant of mycosis fungoides that may resemble interstitial granuloma annulare, inflammatory morphea, and interstitial granulomatous dermatitis. Reported is a case of a 62-year-old African American female who presented with an asymptomatic, progressive rash of the left underarm and abdomen with histologic features suggestive of granuloma annulare. Biopsies revealed an interstitial pattern of cells in the dermis with prominent small aggregates of atypical lymphocytes, a few atypical lymphocytes in the lower epidermis, and a mild increase in dermal mucin...

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were approved without long-term monitoring due to emergent situation and might have several side effects. Herein, we describe the first case with development of both LP and PV following COVID-19 vaccination. Immunological alteration due to COVID-19 vaccination and its potential role in triggering autoimmune disorders were also dealt with.

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a ubiquitous superficial skin mycosis that often affects young adults. It is often effectively treated with local or oral antifungal agents. Cases of PV resistance to antifungal agents have been reported rarely. We report a case of antifungal resistant PV. Observation . A 22-year-old patient was followed since the age of 17 years in a dermatology outpatient clinic for hyperpigmented scaly macular lesions of the trunk and upper limbs. The clinical diagnosis of PV was retained...

Primary cutaneous aggressive epidermotropic CD8+ T-cell lymphoma is a rare entity representing less than 1% of cutaneous lymphomas. It has an aggressive clinical manifestation with a poor prognosis. It is characterized by cytotoxic and epidermotropic CD8+ proliferation. It also expresses the TIA-1 marker. We report a new case for its display and aggressive character, diagnostic difficulty, and good therapeutic response to chemotherapy. This is a 62-year-old female patient admitted to the hospital for a nasolabial ulcerated placard evolving for two years...