JAMA Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

IMPORTANCE: Refractory sialorrhea in children can result in pulmonary aspiration and irreversible lung damage. Despite many studies devoted to the surgical treatment of sialorrhea, there is a paucity of objective outcome measures after surgery, especially with regard to pulmonary health. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether bilateral submandibular gland excision and bilateral parotid duct ligation ("DROOL" procedure) is associated with reduced pulmonary inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples after surgery and to assess patient factors associated with improvement after surgery...

IMPORTANCE: Consumer-level sleep analysis technologies have the potential to revolutionize the screening for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, assessment of OSA prediction models based on in-home recording data is usually performed concurrently with level 1 in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG). Establishing the predictability of OSA using sound data recorded from smartphones based on level 2 PSG at home is important. OBJECTIVE: To validate the performance of a prediction model for OSA using breathing sound recorded from smartphones in conjunction with level 2 PSG at home...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: The need for completion thyroidectomy in patients with incidental metastatic lymph nodes after partial thyroidectomy is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcomes of patients with incidental metastatic lymph nodes following partial thyroidectomy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained thyroid cancer database from 1985 to 2015 was carried out at a head and neck surgery practice at a tertiary referral cancer center...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the major cause of congenital nonhereditary sensorineural hearing loss in children. Currently, criteria to identify infants at increased risk for unfavorable hearing outcome are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with cCMV-related hearing improvement, hearing deterioration, and late-onset hearing loss. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicenter cohort study included patients from 6 secondary and tertiary hospitals enrolled in the Flemish CMV registry (Belgium)...

IMPORTANCE: Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) have an increased risk of malnutrition, partly due to disease location and treatment sequelae. Although malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes, there is little data on the extent of outcomes and the sociodemographic factors associated with malnutrition in patients with HNC. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of race, ethnicity, and payer type with perioperative malnutrition in patients undergoing HNC surgery and how malnutrition affects clinical outcomes...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Over the past decades, the number of patients, especially in the older adult patient group, diagnosed with vestibular schwannoma (VS) has increased. Assuming that older adult patients have more comorbidities, a longer recovery period after surgery, a higher rate of surgical complications, and a higher mortality rate after VS surgery, a treatment strategy for this group of patients is warranted, based on clinical evidence on postsurgical survival. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the survival after diagnosis of a VS in patients 70 years and older, treated with either observation or surgery, and to compare these findings with the life span of an age-matched background population in Denmark...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Patients with head and neck cancer undergo extraction of teeth with poor prognoses to minimize post-radiation therapy (RT) extractions, which are known to cause osteoradionecrosis (ORN). However, many patients are required to start RT before the extraction sites are completely healed. The role of pre-RT extractions in the development of ORN has been disputed in literature. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the timing of pre-RT dental extractions is associated with ORN development in patients with head and neck cancer...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Surgeon-scientists (defined as principal investigators [PIs] with a Doctor of Medicine [MD] degree or a combined MD and Doctor of Philosophy [PhD] degree) in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) are imperative for achieving clinical translation in the OHNS field. OBJECTIVE: To (1) raise awareness about the current state of surgeon-scientists in OHNS, (2) contextualize the landscape of surgeon-scientists in OHNS by comparing it to those of neurosurgery and ophthalmology, and (3) identify strategies for attracting and retaining surgeon-scientists in OHNS...

IMPORTANCE: Cochlear implantation produces remarkable results in postlingual deafness, although auditory outcomes vary. Electrocochleography (ECochG) has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing the cochlear-neural substrate and evaluating patient prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether ECochG-total response (ECochG-TR) recorded at the best-frequency electrode (BF-ECochG-TR) correlates more strongly with speech perception performance than ECochG-TR measured at the round window (RW-ECochG-TR)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) of the parotid to prevent further growth and potential future malignant transformation. While historical case series have reported transformation rates as high as 10%, there is a lack of contemporary methodologically sound data. OBJECTIVE: To examine the rate of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) detection in untreated PAs and investigate factors associated with malignant neoplasm...