JAMA Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Carotid blowout syndrome (CBS) is a rare life-threatening complication of head and neck cancer that requires either surgical or endovascular treatment such as a carotid occlusion procedure or stent-graft placement. CBS outcomes and complications of its management using endovascular stent-graft placement remain unclear due to limited published data. Given that this treatment approach is increasingly used, understanding its efficacy and associated risks is paramount. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the periprocedural and postprocedural complications and outcomes associated with stent-graft treatment for CBS in patients with head and neck cancer...

IMPORTANCE: Mouth breathing is associated with increased airway resistance, pharyngeal collapsibility, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. The common belief is that closing the mouth can mitigate the negative effects of mouth breathing during sleep. However, mouth breathing may serve as an essential route to bypassing obstruction along the nasal route (eg, the velopharynx). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of mouth breathing as an essential route in some patients with OSA and its association with upper airway anatomical factors...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Current medical therapies in idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) are insufficient in preventing the development and progression of scar tissue. An inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin, everolimus is an immunosuppressive medication shown to be effective in reducing fibrosis across a variety of fibroproliferative disorders, including preclinical models of iSGS. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of oral everolimus on postoperative recurrence of stenosis in iSGS...

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IMPORTANCE: The success of parathyroidectomy depends on accurate intraoperative localization and identification of all diseased glands in parathyroid exploration based on surgeon expertise to prevent persistent hyperparathyroidism. Near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) imaging has recently emerged as a promising adjunctive intraoperative tool for localizing parathyroid glands; however, its potential utility in the assessment of parathyroid glands has yet to be established. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the differences in NIRAF signatures of parathyroid glands in single vs multiple glands in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT)...

IMPORTANCE: The eighth edition tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging for head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNcSCC) is a poor predictor of survival in patients with lymph node metastases, possibly due to the inclusion of extranodal extension (ENE). OBJECTIVE: To identify the key determinants of prognosis in patients with nodal metastatic HNcSCC and analyze the association of ENE with TNM stage and investigate for prognostic heterogeneity in ENE-positive disease...

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IMPORTANCE: The most frequent presenting symptom for patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a lateral neck mass. Circulating tumor tissue-modified viral (TTMV)-HPV DNA is a unique biomarker produced by the fragmentation of HPV DNA during the degradation of HPV-associated tumors, and its detection and quantitation are currently being used as an adjunct to imaging in monitoring for disease recurrence and may have utility for diagnosis...

IMPORTANCE: Internationally, active surveillance has been shown to be beneficial and safe in the management of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas. However, choosing active surveillance is a difficult treatment decision for patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas. OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze the antecedents and mediating processes of decisional conflicts when patients consider active surveillance as an alternative to surgery. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this qualitative study, semistructured interviews were conducted between April 2023 and December 2023 at 3 tertiary hospitals in China...

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IMPORTANCE: Cochlear implants are an effective technique for enhancing speech perception abilities in quiet environments for people with severe to profound deafness. Nevertheless, complex sound signals perception, such as music perception, remains challenging for cochlear implant users. OBJECTIVE: To assess the benefit of a tonotopic map on music perception in new cochlear implant users. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, 2-period crossover study including 26 new cochlear implant users was performed over a 6-month period (June 2021 to November 2021)...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

IMPORTANCE: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been associated with anxiety and depression, but the association of socioeconomic factors and temporality has yet to be fully explored. OBJECTIVE: To determine the bidirectional risk of anxiety and depression for patients with CRS. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study of the National Institutes of Health All of Us database from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018, included 2 cohorts of adult patients with and without CRS...