JAMA Ophthalmology

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IMPORTANCE: The treatment of moderate to severe meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) with oral doxycycline requires a 6-week course of treatment and has frequent adverse effects (AEs), which may be associated with poor compliance. OBJECTIVE: To determine if the AEs of a 3-week course of oral azithromycin were equivalent to the AEs of a 6-week course of oral doxycycline. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This double-masked randomized clinical trial was conducted at a referral center in Thailand from September 2018 to May 2022...

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IMPORTANCE: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a leading cause of evaporative dry eye disease (DED). Medical and surgical management for DED is limited; therefore, new treatment options are sought. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR8058 (perfluorohexyloctane) eye drops in Chinese patients with DED associated with MGD through 57 days. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a randomized, multicenter, double-masked, saline-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial conducted from February 4, 2021, to September 7, 2022...

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IMPORTANCE: Recommendations of clinical guidelines affect physicians' care delivery. Potential bias and undeclared conflicts of interests (COIs) among guideline authors can impact clinical practice decisions. OBJECTIVE: To assess financial disclosures reported by physician authors of the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Practice Pattern Guidelines compared with those reported by industry to evaluate the disclosures' accuracy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cross-sectional study, all clinical guidelines in the AAO Preferred Practice Patterns (PPP) since 2013 (first year with publicly available industry payment reports) were reviewed on May 1, 2022...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

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IMPORTANCE: Cataract surgery is one of the most commonly performed surgeries across medicine and an integral part of ophthalmologic care. Complex cataract surgery requires more time and resources than simple cataract surgery, yet it remains unclear whether the incremental reimbursement for complex cataract surgery, compared with simple cataract surgery, offsets the increased costs. OBJECTIVE: To measure the difference in day-of-surgery costs and net earnings between simple and complex cataract surgery...

IMPORTANCE: Estimates of diabetic retinopathy (DR) incidence and progression in American Indian and Alaska Native individuals are based on data from before 1992 and may not be informative for strategizing resources and practice patterns. OBJECTIVE: To examine incidence and progression of DR in American Indian and Alaska Native individuals. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019, and included adults with diabetes and no evidence of DR or mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR) in 2015 who were reexamined at least 1 time during the 2016 to 2019 period...