JAMA Neurology

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IMPORTANCE: In several randomized clinical trials, endovascular thrombectomy led to better functional outcomes than conventional treatment at 90 days poststroke in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion. However, the long-term clinical outcomes of these patients have not been well delineated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 1-year clinical outcomes in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion following endovascular thrombectomy vs control. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study is an extension of the ATTENTION trial, a multicenter, randomized clinical trial...

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IMPORTANCE: Cerebral vasospasm largely contributes to a devastating outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), with limited therapeutic options. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of localized nicardipine release implants positioned around the basal cerebral vasculature at risk for developing proximal vasospasm after aSAH. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-masked randomized clinical trial with a 52-week follow-up was performed between April 5, 2020, and January 23, 2023, at 6 academic neurovascular centers in Germany and Austria...

IMPORTANCE: Anti-β-amyloid immunotherapy using lecanemab is becoming increasingly available to patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) develop AD neuropathology by age 40 years, representing a significant cohort of genetically determined AD. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the binding properties of lecanemab in the brains of people with DS, in anticipation of their inclusion in clinical trials or access to antiamyloid immunotherapies...

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IMPORTANCE: Approximately 10% to 15% of ischemic strokes are associated with cancer; cancer-associated stroke, particularly when cryptogenic, is associated with high rates of recurrent stroke and major bleeding. Limited data exist on the safety and efficacy of different antithrombotic strategies in patients with cancer and cryptogenic stroke. OBJECTIVE: To compare apixaban vs aspirin for the prevention of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with history of cancer and cryptogenic stroke...

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IMPORTANCE: Recently, 6 randomized clinical trials-RESCUE-Japan-LIMIT (Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-Acute Embolism-Japan Large Ischemic Core Trial), ANGEL-ASPECT (Trial of Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke With Large Infarct), SELECT2 (Trial of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Ischemic Strokes), TESLA (Thrombectomy for Emergent Salvage of Large Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke), TENSION (Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke With Established Large Infarct), and LASTE (Large Stroke Therapy Evaluation)-have concluded their investigations on the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke, anterior-circulation large vessel occlusions, and large areas of ischemic changes defined as an Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) of 5 or less...

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IMPORTANCE: Functional movement disorders (FMDs) are frequent and disabling neurological disorders with a substantial socioeconomic impact. Few randomized studies have analyzed the effectiveness of combined physiotherapy and psychotherapy in patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of multidisciplinary treatment (physiotherapy plus cognitive behavioral therapy) in FMDs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a parallel, rater-blinded, single-center, randomized clinical trial...

IMPORTANCE: Maternal epilepsy is associated with adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. A better understanding of this condition and the associated risk of mortality and morbidity at the time of delivery could help reduce adverse outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of severe maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality among women with epilepsy. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS: This prospective population-based register study in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden took place between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2017...

IMPORTANCE: Dysbiosis has been robustly demonstrated in Parkinson disease (PD), and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promising effects in preclinical PD models. OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and symptomatic efficacy of colonic single-dose anaerobically prepared FMT. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial conducted between November 2020 and June 2023 with a follow-up period of 12 months at 4 hospitals in Finland...

IMPORTANCE: Unilateral magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound ablation of ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus for essential tremor reduces tremor on 1 side, but untreated contralateral or midline symptoms remain limiting for some patients. Historically, bilateral lesioning produced unacceptable risks and was supplanted by deep brain stimulation; increasing acceptance of unilateral focused ultrasound lesioning has led to interest in a bilateral option. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of staged, bilateral focused ultrasound thalamotomy...

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