Acta Medica Academica

The aim of the present paper is to contribute to the understanding of the history of the anatomical study of the intra-renal arteries. The vasculature and especially the intra-renal arteries of the kidneys are an intriguing field which was first studied through art and then perfected by medicine. Angiography and microsurgery have resulted in partial nephrectomy techniques for surviving kidneys with adequate functional results. Graves' categorization dating from 1954 opened the way for innovative approaches that have resulted in modern topographical anatomy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Lipomas are very common tumors which usually prefer the upper limbs and, depending on their size, may cause nerve compression, or may be asymptomatic. The current cadaveric report describes a giant lipoma in the distal forearm area. CASE REPORT: A large mass (5.1 × 3.2 × 1.6 cm) was identified on the palmar surface of the distal forearm, during dissection of a 63-year-old male cadaver. The mass caused anteromedial displacement and flattening of the median nerve (MN)...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was the examination of possible variants of the celiac trunk. METHODS: An advanced review of the literature search was undertaken by means of the PubMed database and Google Scholar, searching for new studies published up to October 2022. Additional articles provided useful information in relation to the aim of this review. Hence, articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review and the collected data were organized into a table...

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study determines the impact of the pandemic lockdowns on physical activity, and evaluates the factors associated with physical activity cessation on students and personnel of eight Greek Higher Education Institutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 6,380 volunteer participants completed a survey reporting their physical activity levels and perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was made available through an online platform...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the stress response produced during elective CS for the first and second time. For that goal, cortisol blood levels before, during and after childbirth were measured. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed this prospective observational study during the period of September 2020 to September 2021. Blood samples were taken from all participants at three different stages. A statistical analysis was performed to compare the CS1 (first elective Caesarean) and CS2 (second elective Caesarean) groups...

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the reliability of radiological measurements of the ethmoid arteries. METHOD: Five fresh frozen cadaveric heads underwent computed tomography and endoscopic sinus surgery. The lateromedial length of the anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) and its distance to the axilla of the middle turbinate (MTA), the sphenoethmoidal recess (SR) and the posterior ethmoidal artery were measured. The posterior ethmoidal artery (PEA) was referenced to the SR. These anatomical parameters were measured both radiologically and endoscopically, and the compatibility of the two was examined...

OBJECTIVE: This literature review highlights the prevalence of the typical course of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) through the coracobrachialis muscle (CB), and evaluates the distance from the entrance point of the MCN to the CB, taking the coracoid process (CP) as a landmark. METHODS: PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and CINAHL online databases were searched in December 2022 for studies reporting the prevalence of the MCN's typical course and the distance between the CP and the MCN entrance point to the CB...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present series was first to present our experience in the management of 37 patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM), and further to indicate the necessity of identifying true SPM cases as they are currently inadequately defined. METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective study, conducted in a university hospital. Consecutive adult patients with pneumomediastinum (PM) between January 2009 and March 2020 were involved in the series...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the crown and root morphology of maxillary and mandibular third molars, and assess their position in relation to adjacent anatomical structures using clinical examination and radiographic images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 176 extracted impacted or partially impacted third molars were included in this study. Orthopantomogram images (OPG) were used to evaluate the number of roots, position, depth of impaction relative to the occlusal plane of the second molar, and angulation of maxillary and mandibular third molars...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The aim of the present paper is to contribute to the understanding of the history of the anatomical study of the facial artery. The facial artery plays a fundamental role in the study of the anatomy of the face, and in maxillofacial and vascular surgery. The debate on the understating of this vessel is essential in the educational process, with special focus on the historical development of topographical and descriptive ideas about it. The comparison between the study of facial artery in the work of Thomas Turner (1793-1873) and modern anatomical concepts serves as an excellent educational paradigm...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the most appropriate delay to start a webinar. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on weekly general staff scientific webinars held by the Institute of Human Virology (IHV), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA. 35 observations were made at arbitrary chosen times of three consecutive IHV webinars. After standardizing the number of participants, a 4th-degree polynomial fit was applied to the data. A cost function was defined as the sum of the time wasted for those who attended the webinar early and the lost for those who attend with delay...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to present data on the prevalence of seropositive children tested in the laboratory of the Eurofarm polyclinic in Sarajevo, from September 2020 to May 2021. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS: In the total of 762 tested children, 187 were positive (24.5%), based on cut-off value...

OBJECTIVE: The current report describes two rare cadaveric findings of a left sided brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) in relation to the trachea, and its high-riding course above the suprasternal notch (SN). CASES DESCRIPTION: In two elderly body donors dissected after death, a left-sided BCT was identified with a high-riding course (0.5 and 0.8 cm above the SN). The BCT originated from the aortic arch, in common with the left common carotid artery, more distally than the typical left-side location and crossed in front of the trachea...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to present a relatively rare case of the coexistence of an incomplete superficial palmar arch and a Berrettini anastomosis, identified in a cadaveric specimen, and further discuss the potential clinical implications of such anatomical variations. CASE REPORT: The variation was found in the left hand of a formalin-fixed male cadaver of Greek origin, that was dissected under an operating microscope (×4, ×10 magnification) in our Anatomy Department...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the causes and factors predictive of in-hospital death among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Thailand. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with SLE admitted between 2017 and 2021. We collected data related to age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, disease duration, medication usage, clinical symptoms, vital signs, laboratory results, evidence of infection, presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, quick sepsis-related organ assessment scores, and SLE disease activity on the date of admission...

OBJECTIVE: Patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies are at increased risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. We evaluated the serological IgG response following two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with hematologic malignancies. METHODS: Patients treated at UT Southwestern Medical Center with a diagnosis of a myeloid or lymphoid neoplasm were included. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination response was defined as a positive quantifiable spike IgG antibody titer...

In the current molecular review, we describe the mechanisms of TP53/MDM2 deregulation and their impact on the colon adenocarcinoma molecular substrate and phenotype. Among the genes that are critically altered in carcinogenesis, the TP53 tumor suppressor gene is of major importance. The TP53 gene (gene locus: 17p13.1) regulates the cell cycle by controlling the G1/S and G2/M checkpoints securing the normal sequence of cell cycle phases. Furthermore, it is involved in apoptosis programmed cell death. The gene is mutated or epigenetically altered in all epithelial malignancies, including colon adenocarcinoma...

OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this paper was to examine the perceptions of family physicians on the use of primary health care in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a short online questionnaire that was sent to primary care physicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina from April 20th, 2022, to May 20th, 2022. RESULTS: The research sample consisted of 231 doctors of primary health care from Bosnia and Herzegovina, with an average age of 45 years and 85% women...