International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess the causality of ADRs using World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC), Naranjo and Liverpool ADR Causality Assessment Tool (LCAT). Other primary objective was to assess the agreement between the WHO-UMC criterion, Naranjo algorithm and LCAT. The secondary objective was to assess the reported adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective study...

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the comparative effect of curcumin and ornidazole in treating chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Twenty individuals of both sexes aged between 27 and 53 years diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and having pocket depths >5 mm bilaterally were selected for this study, in a split-mouth design. Examination of plaque index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level was measured for each patient...

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the various aspects of drug information services (DISs) provided in the DI center of a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: DI queries received from various departments from April 2013 to May 2017 were included in the study. Various aspects such as year- and department-wise distribution, reason for sending the queries, mode of receipt and reply, time taken for reply, number of visit for bedside examination of patients, and number of references given per query were analyzed...

Objective: Synthetic Mobil Crystalline Material 41 (MCM-41) as a mesoporous material and functionalized MCM-41 using aminopropyl groups were studied in order to investigate their ability to encapsulate and to control the release of diclofenac sodium and piroxicam. Materials and Methods: MCM-41 was synthesized through sol-gel procedure and functionalized with aminopropyl groups. The physicochemical properties of MCM-41 were studied through particle size analysis, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and carbon-hydrogen-nitrogen analysis...

Introduction: Spherical agglomeration is one of the novel techniques for improvement of flow and dissolution properties of drugs. Cilostazol is a biopharmaceutics classification system Class II drug with poor solubility resulting in limited bioavailability. The present study aims at improving the solubility and dissolution of cilostazol by crystallo-co-agglomeration technique. Materials and Methods: Cilostazol agglomerates were prepared using various polymers with varying concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E 50 (HPMC E50), polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30), and polyethylene glycol 6000...

Objective: EAPB0503, lead compound of imiqualines, presented high antitumor activities but also a very low water solubility which was critical for further preclinical studies. To apply to EAPB0503, a robust and safe lipid formulation already used for poor soluble anticancer agents for injectable administration at a concentration higher than 1 mg/mL. Materials and Methods: Physicochemical properties of EAPB0503 were determined to consider an adapted formulation. In a second time, lipid nanocapsules (LNC) formulations based on the phase-inversion process were developed for EAPB0503 encapsulation...

[This corrects the article on p. 142 in vol. 7.].

Introduction: Oxidative stress is a common factor in cataract. Considering the antioxidant properties of hesperidin as a flavanone glycoside from the flavonoid family with radioprotective effect, this study aimed to determine the protective effect of this flavanone glycoside on reducing oxidative stress in the eye lens tissue of mature rats caused by gamma irradiation. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 adult rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely, control, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), hesperidin, radiation, radiation + DMSO, and radiation + hesperidin...

Background and Objective: One of the established strategies to improve solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs is solid dispersion (SD). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used as common carrier despite its stability problem which may be overcome by the addition of hydrophobic polymer. The present research aimed to develop an SD formulation with ibuprofen, a poor water-soluble BCS Class II drug as active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and PEG 4000-ethyl cellulose (EC) as binary carrier...

Objective: Probiotics such as lactobacilli prevent the development of a wide range of human and animal's pathogens. The aim of this study was evaluation of antagonistic effect of isolated lactobacilli from local dairy products against three standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus subtilis , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Materials and Methods: Twenty samples of local dairy products including cow milk, buffalo milk, cheese, and yogurt were collected from different areas of Ahwaz city...

Background: Newer drug delivery systems such as transdermal patches using pain relieving or modifying agents emerged as a mainstream treatment protocol for management of pain on the outpatient basis. The administration of diclofenac 100 mg in the transdermal patch in the patients having dental pain due to periapical/periodontal infections was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients of either gender, between 18 and 80 years were divided into 3 groups (Group A - oral medication, Group B - transdermal patch, Group C - intramuscular group)...

Objective: This study aimed to study the mobile phone addiction behavior and awareness on electromagnetic radiation (EMR) among a sample of Malaysian population. Methods: This online study was conducted between December 2015 and 2016. The study instrument comprised eight segments, namely, informed consent form, demographic details, habituation, mobile phone fact and EMR details, mobile phone awareness education, psychomotor (anxious behavior) analysis, and health issues...

OBJECTIVE: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Corticosteroid fails to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress due to steroid resistance. Theophylline has an effect on histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and improves steroid sensitivity in COPD. Given changes in oxidative stress associated with diminished corticosteroid effects, a clinical study in which antioxidants and free radicals are estimated can suggest a correlation between antioxidants, theophylline, and corticosteroid sensitivity...

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical and microbiological efficacy of Group I-delmopinol dentifrice, Group II-chlorhexidine, and Group III-triclosan-containing regularly used control dentifrice on plaque formation and gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 healthy volunteer students fulfilling the inclusion criteria are recruited for this randomized control parallel study. All the individuals were randomly assigned into 3 groups depending on the dentifrice prescribed...

OBJECTIVE: This article aims to highlight the rehabilitation of a geriatric patient with an orofacial cheek defect by an extraoral silicone prosthesis. METHODOLOGY: Structured extra- and intra-oral examination of tissues coupled with a justified choice of impression materials, techniques, and prosthetic rehabilitation with a high-temperature vulcanizing silicone was done. RESULTS: The presence of compressible tissues, static appearance of the prosthesis during patient's facial movements, variability in complexion of the skin around the defect, and manipulating heat-vulcanized silicone were the challenges faced during clinical procedures...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this in vitro study was to formulate an in situ thermoreversible injectable gel with poloxamer (PM) and methylcellulose (MC) to deliver simvastatin (SMV) in a controlled manner. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Preformulation studies (Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry) to assess the interaction between SMV and MC and PM were performed before gel formulation. Keeping the concentration of SMV at 2.2%, the concentration of PM and MC was altered to formulate in situ thermosensitive gel at 37°C...

OBJECTIVE: The present study was investigated to provide a documentary evidence for the determination of rutin, isoquercetin, and quercetin flavonoids from the flora of Nelumbo nucifera by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: RP-HPLC analysis was performed by gradient elution with a low-pressure gradient using 0.5% acetic acid: acetonitrile as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The separation was done at 26°C using a Kinetex XB-C18 column as stationary phase and the detection wavelength at 356 nm...

AIM: The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of Calendula officinalis gel as cost-effective treatment modality in comparison to lycopene gel in the treatment of leukoplakia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised of sixty patients of clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of homogeneous leukoplakia which were divided into Group I and Group II with thirty patients each. Group I patients were dispensed C. officinalis extract gel whereas Group II patients were given lycopene gel...

BACKGROUND: Infectious diseases have always been an important health issue in human communities. In the recent years, much research has been conducted on antimicrobial effects of nature-based compounds because of increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance. The present study was conducted to investigate synergistic effect of Carum copticum and Mentha piperita essential oils with ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and gentamicin on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental study, the synergistic effects of C...

OBJECTIVE: The Lactobacillus is a genus of lactic acid bacteria which are regularly rod-shaped, nonspore, Gram-positive, heterogeneous, and are found in a wide range of inhabitants such as dairy products, plants, and gastrointestinal tract. A variety of antimicrobial compounds and molecules such as bacteriocin are produced by these useful bacteria to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes in the food products. This paper aims to examine the isolation of Lactobacillus from local dairies as well as to determine their inhibition effect against a number of pathogens, such as two fungi: Penicillium notatum and Aspergillus fulvous...