National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a complex congenital malformation with an extremely variable phenotypic presentation. It usually involves structures of the first and second pharyngeal arches. Anomalies of the cardiac, pulmonary, renal, and gastrointestinal systems are present, but the main characteristic is the mandibular hypoplasia. This is commonly treated with orthodontic hardware and various surgical modalities. Most recently, a total joint replacement with a customized prosthesis is idealized to provide the best outcomes to these patients, so it has been used in some cases...

Tongue carcinoma constitutes 10.4-46.9% of all oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and is notoriously known for invading tissues deeper than the evident gross margins. The deeper the tumor invades, the higher are its chances of future morbidity and mortality due to extensive neck dissection and risk of recurrence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive diagnostic aid used for measuring a preoperative tumor's depth of invasion (DOI) as it can efficiently outline soft tissue tumors from adjacent normal tissue...

INTRODUCTION: Mandibular angle fracture (MAF) is the second most common site of all fractures of the mandible with the highest complication rate. Management of MAF has evolved in the past four decades. The purpose of the prospective study was to compare the efficacy of new design titanium miniplate (NDM) with conventional titanium miniplate (CTM) in the treatment of MAF. OBJECTIVES: Mouth opening, occlusion, bite force measurement, and radiographs compared preoperatively and first week, first month and third month postoperatively...

Tapia syndrome is an extremely rare condition involving simultaneous paralysis of cranial nerves X (recurrent laryngeal branch) and XII. It is mostly believed to occur as a neuropraxic complication of intraoperative airway management. We present a unique case of a 17-year-old female with dysphonia, dysphagia, and deviation of tongue to the right side following temporomandibular joint gap arthroplasty for release of left TMJ ankylosis. A clinical diagnosis of Tapia's syndrome was made on exclusion of surgical or intracranial etiology and conservative management was performed...

BACKGROUND: Smokeless and smoking tobacco use results in increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, which play a major role in the causation of cancer in tobacco habituates. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a product of lipid peroxidation, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), the main enzymes in the antioxidant defense system, are assessed among tobacco users. This study gave insight into the relationship between tobacco use, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzyme activity...

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is considered a major public health problem worldwide and may have an important impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Thus, the present study aimed to assess OHRQoL in Brazilian patients aged 3 to 21 years undergoing cancer treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 121 patients receiving cancer treatment and 363 healthy individuals (control group) were evaluated. OHRQoL was assessed using an age-specific questionnaire, that is, the Brazilian versions of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) 11-14-short version, the CPQ 8-10-short version, and the short-form of Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire-14 (OHIP-14)...

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a common condition affecting the musculoskeletal group evoking clinical signs such as pain, restricted mouth opening, and disability in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory musculature, and the osseous structures in the surroundings. Saliva is a strong proponent of a diagnostic and prognostic tool for TMDs. Hence, a systematic review was undertaken to answer the research question "What is the role of salivary biomarkers in the identification of TMD?" A thorough literature search was performed in databases of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar till February 2022...

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the inferior alveolar nerve block, that is, the Halstead technique, Clark and Holmes technique, Gow Gates technique, and Sargenti technique, for mandibular anesthesia. METHODOLOGY: This prospective, double-blinded, in-vivo study was conducted amongst 100 patients, requiring mandibular anesthesia. These patients were divided into four groups. Parameters assessed were time required for appearance of subjective and objective symptoms and signs, positive aspiration, need for supplementary anesthesia, and ease of administration...

BACKGROUND: A precancerous lesion is a morphologically altered tissue in which oral cancer is more likely to occur than its apparently normal counterpart. They are quite common in the Indian population due to the habitual habit of chewing tobacco. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of oral precancerous lesions by a questionnaire-based survey among the study subjects having been diagnosed with it. METHODS: In this descriptive study, a structured questionnaire having 11 survey questions has been used to record the response from study subjects who have been diagnosed and reported for treatment for oral premalignant lesions in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology...

OBJECTIVE: To compare and evaluate the efficacy of C-Reactive Protein and total leucocyte count as markers for monitoring patients of odontogenic space infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples were taken preoperatively and post-operatively at day 1, day 2, day 3 and day 7 for measuring the levels of CRP and TLC. The trends of CRP and TLC were analysed against the Clinical Severity Scale (CSS). The study was carried out on patients of odontogenic space infection, and minimum of 50 patients were selected for this study...

AIM: The aim of the study is to predict the effect of preemptive analgesics in the third molar surgery and to analyze whether the number and frequency of postoperative analgesics are reduced following the administration of preemptive analgesics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was carried out on 50 patients who reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for removal of their impacted mandibular third molar. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 25 patients each - Group A (test group) patients receiving ibuprofen (400 mg) half an hour before the surgery and placebo half an hour after surgery and the Group B (control group) patients receiving placebo half an hour before the surgery and ibuprofen (400 mg) half an hour after surgery...

Management of locally advanced OSCC is multimodal. No single therapy has been proved to be efficacious. However there is a trend towards surgical intervention in operable disease. In this review we appraise the various therapies used for the management of locally advanced OSCC. We review the literature with regards to the various treatment options for locally advanced OSCC. We categorically divided the manuscript into resectable, unresectable and technically unresectable disease. Surgery is the ideal treatment modality for resectable disease...

Ossifying fibroma (OF) in craniofacial is a rare disease, benign, locally aggressive fibro-osseous tumor. The 2017 World Health Organization classifications divided OF into two types: OF of odontogenic origin and juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF). Determining the right surgical treatment to reduce the postoperative recurrence rate is incredibly challenging. The author reports two cases of paranasal sinuses with disease onset progressed from pre-pubertal age. The first case is an example of a recurrent case after undergoing conservative surgery, and the second is a new one...

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical outcome of tapered and cylindrical implants placed in the posterior region of mandible by measuring implant stability and crestal bone level at the healing period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted on 15 patients who were included in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 30 dental implants were placed in both groups: 15 implants in Group I (tapered implants) and 15 implants in Group II (cylindrical implants) in the posterior region of mandible...

BACKGROUND: Maxillofacial trauma in polytrauma settings is often associated with multiple injuries both trivial and life threatening, and their timely detection is the mainstay of definitive trauma management for preventing mortality and morbidity. Emergency management of all the patients reporting to our maxillofacial unit is either done by our center or they have been managed at the peripheral health care facility and relatively stable patient is referred to us. Anecdotally, we found inadequacies in transport methods, diagnosis, and detection of associated injuries in the patients referred to us from the peripheral health care facility...

INTRODUCTION: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a debilitating condition usually afflicting children and young adults, causing long-term functional, aesthetic, and severe psychological impacts on the lives of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare the postoperative outcomes after using one of the most commonly employed inter-positional graft, i.e., temporalis fascia, and a recently introduced 'more suitable' graft, i.e., dermal fat. METHODS: A prospective study in which 20 patients of TMJ ankylosis were randomly assigned into two groups of 10 patients each...

The aim of this study was to identify clinico pathological indications for radical resection of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) in the literature and formulate clinical guidelines for the management of OKCs based on these findings. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken in September 2021 in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. The following MeSH Keywords terms were used in the search strategies: (odontogenic keratocyst) OR (keratocystic odontogenic tumor) OR (primordial cyst) AND (treatment) OR (Radical resection) OR (Resection of OKC) OR (Treatment methods)...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to study the efficacy of simvastatin in bone regeneration following the local application in third molar extraction sockets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a randomized controlled trial done on 50 patients involving 100 third molar teeth extraction sockets. The patients were randomly divided based on the placement of simvastatin. Extraction sockets which were treated with simvastatin were considered study sockets and without simvastatin were considered control sockets...

CONTEXT: In the present era of allopathic medication usage, there is always a risk of toxicity. Turmeric is a wonderful natural herb with excellent healing properties and a plethora of many clinical trials in dentistry. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of healing in mandibular molar extraction sockets with and without turmeric gel. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of turmeric gel with the objective of analyzing the soft tissue healing in mandibular molar extraction sockets with and without turmeric gel...

BACKGROUND: Amid the health risk posed by coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, all the educational institutions in India have adopted online teaching as a method of imparting education. Thus, the current study was executed to evaluate the perception and preparedness of dental students toward online learning in dental education. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 286 dental undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) students employing a pretested questionnaire...