Oral & Implantology

Background: The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a clinical picture characterized by partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, associated with a reduction of oxygen saturation in the blood.The most common symptoms are: apnea sleep, snoring, headache, sleepiness, reduced concentration and memory, irritability, increased blood pressure and dry mouth. Materials and methods: It was examinated a not-smoker man of 54 years that suffers of roncophaty...

Mandibular implant placement (MIP) has been accepted and widely used for decades all over the world, and has reached a very high level of therapeutic reliability. MIP is used mostly in elderly edentulous patients who lost their teeth when dentistry was not oriented to fixed or removable prosthetic. Notwithstanding this, every year cases of severe complications during MIP due to haemorrhage causing life-threatening airway's obstruction are reported. These severe complications of MIP need immediate therapy, usually with hospitalization, and may be potentially fatal...

Purpose: An adequate bone volume for complete circumferential coverage of the implants is very important for obtaining a long-term success of oral implants. To avoid these problems various membranes and biomaterials were used, but soft tissue pressure could cause a membrane collapse toward the defect. The present work describes a ridge augmentation with titanium mesh shaped by adapting it to a bone defect in aesthetic areas. Materials and methods: Three patients with alveolar crest defects received three implants (Bone System, Milano, Italy) and the defects were filled with bone chips...

Objectives: Short implants are increasing their popularity among clinicians who want to fulfill the constant demanding of fixed prosthetic solutions in edentulous jaws. The aim of this report was to propose a new possibility to project and realize an occlusal guided implant cross-arch prosthesis supported by ultra-short implants, describing it presented an edentulous mandible case report. Methods: A 61-year-old, Caucasian, female patient who attended the dental clinic of the University of L'Aquila presented with edentulous posterior inferior jaw and periodontitis and periimplantitis processes in the anterior mandible...

Purpose: The crestal sinus lifting by means of hydraulic technique associated with a nano-cristalline hydroxyapatite in an aqueous medium is investigated. Materials and methods: A specific purpose-made instrument is used, consisting of a syringe with a micrometrically controlled piston connected to a dispenser used to inject, in a calibrated and precise manner, noted volumes of graft material into the sub-schneiderian space. Adopting such a technique the Authors performed 7 future site developments, on 7 patients (2 males; 5 females; mean age 49...

During a sinus lift procedure the main requirement in order to position an implant is to have a maxillary sinus floor cortical bone thick enough to guarantee a primary stability in the implant inserted. In this way, the healing process is facilitated and osseointegration of the titanium surface may occur simultaneously, thus reducing the waiting time for the engraftment of the implant into the body. Unfortunately, these conditions are not always present. Hence, the need of developing an alternative approach that could simultaneously allow to perform sinus floor elevation along with an implant placement...

Objective: The objective is to present a clinical case of a 38-year-old male with a maxillary unicystic ameloblastoma treated by means of tumor block resection followed by chin-harvested graft placement in order to place two dental implants for esthetic and functional rehabilitation. Methods: Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor characterized by local aggression and a high rate of recurrence; the latter partly depends on how it is treated. Complete resection of the tumor, which usually prevents recurrence, produces bone defects of varying size that must be reconstructed later on...

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of different dowel space (DS) diameters on pull-out bond strength of a cylindrical post, of threaded steel, to dentin. Materials and methods: Forty-five extracted human teeth were divided in 3 groups with DSs, with the same depth (6 mm), differing for the diameter (i.e. 1.5 mm, Group 1; 1.75 mm, Group 2; 2.00 mm, Group 3). Both the diameter of the post (1.3 mm) and the composite resin cement (Panavia 21) were the same for all the samples...

Purpose: To determine the existence of any correlation between the degree of divergence and apical and coronal arch form using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: A total of 176 (88 coronal and 88 apical) CBCT scans pertaining to a sample of 44 subjects (16 males and 28 females), of which 26 were Class I, 14 Class II and 4 Class III, were analysed. A lateral projection of the skull was obtained from each VCT and cephalometric tracing was performed (according to Ricketts) so as to divide the sample into subgroups based on the degree of divergence (11 short-faced, 18 norm-faced and 15 long-faced subjects)...

Purpose: In this study we wanted to observe the improvement in the healing of periodontal tissues in a group of diabetic patients treated with traditional methods compared to another group treated with the addition of oxygen.The potential of oxygen has long been known in the field of plastic surgery, where it is used to treat burns and skin lesions. Materials and methods: This study consists in a split mouth study which involved 30 patients. We carefully treated them with periodontal therapy using manual and mechanical instrumentation...

Background: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy in reducing joint and muscle pain in patients with acute and chronic temporomandibular dysfunction. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 180 patients. The sample was divided into two groups according to the time of onset of the disease: acute TMD (<6 months) and chronic TMD (> 6 months). The treatment for all patients provided for the irradiation with Diode Laser Wiser Doctor Smile with tip plane wave at wavelength of 830 nm, continuous beam to 40nW diameter and radius of 6 mm...

BACKGROUND: Platelet (PLT) gel has been successfully used in tissue regeneration of diabetic and surgical wounds through the releasing of growth factors such as basic fibroblast and PLT-derived growth factors. Based on this background, our previous clinical trial have assessed the feasibility and efficacy of PLT gel for the treatment of muco-cutaneous lesions related to graft versus host disease (GvHD) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantion (HSCT). The promising results reported in a small series of 6 patients, of whom 1 with oral ulcers, represent the rationale of the present study...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective observational study was to identify local risk factors for the development of clinical manifestations of oral chronic Graft versus Host Disease (cGvHD) in a cohort of patients affected by haematological malignant diseases who underwent allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the context of an active collaboration between the Rome Transplant Network of the Hematology and the Oral Pathology Division at "Policlinico Tor Vergata", in Rome, 47 haematological patients were included in this trial based on a systematic dental screening and follow-up protocol...

Objectives: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate effectiveness of Computerized Local Anesthesia (CLA) on oral implantology through estimation of pain and discomfort and total quantity of injected anesthetic. Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients whose treatment plan included immediate or late dental implants were included in this study. The main inclusion criteria comprised: previous implant intervention under conventional anesthesia (CA) during the past 3 years and no previous treatment of pain relief...

Introduction: Although many previous studies have reported on the high success rate of short dental implants, prosthetic design still plays an important role in the long-term implant treatment results. This study aims to evaluate stress distribution characteristics involved with various prosthetic designs on standard implants or short implants in the posterior maxilla. Materials and methods: Six finite element models were simulated representing the missing first and second maxillary molars...

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the depth and quality of the post-space reading, using an IOS without scan-post, compared to a traditional silicon technique. Methods: Six extracted bicuspids were decoronated and endodontically treated. After having prepared the space for the posts, a structure in pink acrylic resin was created with two resin elements. At the center of the structure one sample was put at a time. Digital and traditional impressions were taken for each sample...

The dental unit waters are divided in two different groups, because of their chemical and microbial composition proprieties: in the first there is the "incoming dental unit water", drinking water that arrived directly in the dental chair unit through the municipal water system; in the second there is the "waste water", that represents the whole dental unit waste water. Regarding the lack of a complete systematic review on the quality of dental unit wastewater, the aim of the current research was to systematically study the incoming dental unit water and the waste one, focusing the attention on the problem of the wastewater contamination and its regulations...

Different implant-abutment connections have been developed in the effort of reducing mechanical and biological failure. The most frequent complications are screw loosening, abutment or implant fracture and marginal bone loss due to overload and bacterial micro-leakage. Ideal connection should work as a one-piece implant avoiding the formation of a micro-gap at the implant-abutment interface. Different in vitro and in vivo researches have been published to compare the implant-abutment connections actually available: external hexagon, internal hexagon and conical finding different amount of micro-gap, micro-leakage and marginal bone loss...

Purpose: The surgical-orthodontic treatment of impacted maxillary canine (IMC) remains a challenge to today's clinicians. The aim of the present paper is to describe an unconventional treatment of IMC with insertion of implant into the retained canine and 3 years follow-up. Case report: A 55-year-old female patient attended to rehabilitate her maxillary left canine site. An unconventional approach was proposed to the patient. A large diameter tapered implant (Ø 5 × 18 mm) was inserted (Nobel Active, Kolten, Swisse)...

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a well-established and generally predictable method for repairing alveolar ridge defects and preparing edentulous sites for implant placement. Standard GBR involves filling the space underneath a membrane with autogenous bone or a mixture composed of autogenous bone particles and allogeneic bone tissue or heterologous biomaterials. The use of a barrier membrane for GBR has sometimes been associated with complications, however - reportedly involving exposure, infection, and collapse - and the non-resorbable types of membrane seem to be involved more often than the resorbable solutions...