Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

BACKGROUND: In the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (WHI DM) randomized trial, the dietary intervention reduced breast cancer mortality by 21% (P = 0.02) and increased physical activity as well. OBJECTIVE: Therefore, the aim was to examine whether these lifestyle changes attenuated age-related physical functioning decline. DESIGN: In a randomized trial, the influence of 8-years of a low-fat dietary pattern intervention was examined through 20 years cumulative follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Increases in phosphorus intake (P-In) have been observed over the past years in adult populations. However, biomarker-based data are lacking on whether P-In also increased in children. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine 24-h urinary phosphate excretion (PO4-Ex) and diet-related biomarkers potentially influencing phosphorus status in German children and adolescents from 1985 to 2015. DESIGN: This longitudinal noninvasive biomarker-based cohort study examined 24-h urine samples from children and adolescents of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study, collected over three decades...

BACKGROUND: Improving social determinants of health, such as access to nutritious food, is crucial for achieving health equity. Nutrition insecurity, especially during pregnancy and postpartum, can lead to poor maternal and birth outcomes. Food is medicine (FIM) programs, which integrate food into the healthcare system to prevent or manage disease, have the potential to improve nutrition insecurity, but research about perinatal FIM programs is limited. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore 1) perceptions of public health impacts of perinatal food is medicine programs from the perspectives of both program implementers and program supporters and 2) implementation strategies used to enhance program adoption, implementation, and maintenance...

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of unfermented soy product consumption on blood lipids in various populations. However, contradictory results have been reported regarding the influence of unfermented soy product consumption on blood lipids in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of diets with unfermented soy products compared to diets without unfermented soy products on blood lipids in postmenopausal women...

BACKGROUND: Global trends toward childhood obesity have been associated with several factors, including suboptimal infant feeding practices, the increasing availability of ultra-processed foods in the world's food supply, and the corresponding changes in children's dietary patterns. OBJECTIVE: To describe infants' dietary patterns and assess their associations with weight status outcomes in a nationally representative sample of U.S. infants. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses were performed on data collected from infants participating in the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey...

BACKGROUND: The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics-American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Indicators of Malnutrition (AAIM) is a tool that uses nutrition assessment parameters to diagnose patients with malnutrition. Evaluation of the content validity of AAIM relative to the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) or Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is needed. Predictive validity of malnutrition diagnosed by AAIM for clinical outcomes in hospitalized adults is also important...

BACKGROUND: Conventional clear infant feeding bottles provide visual cues about the amount of milk consumed, which may decrease caregivers' sensitivity to infant cues, increase infant intake, and lead to greater infant weight gain. OBJECTIVE: This study examined feasibility, adherence, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an intervention wherein families received clear versus opaque bottles. DESIGN: A pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial was conducted...

BACKGROUND: Appetitive traits and parent feeding styles are associated with body mass index in children, yet their associations with child diet quality are unclear. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine relations of appetitive traits and parental feeding style with diet quality in 3.5-year-old children. DESIGN: The study was a secondary, cross-sectional analysis of data from Sprouts, a follow-up study of the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study (PEAS)...

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BACKGROUND: An inverse relationship between vitamin D supplementation and C-reactive protein (CRP) and hypertension has been reported, mostly through observational data. This inverse relationship, however, has not been confirmed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of RCTs is needed to provide more robust evidence. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review of RCTs was conducted to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on CRP, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in postmenopausal women...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: There is substantial interest in the role of ginger as an adjuvant therapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, available evidence lacks robust methodology. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of adjuvant ginger compared with placebo on chemotherapy-induced nausea-related quality of life (QoL) and CINV-related outcomes. DESIGN: A parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial with 1:1 allocation was conducted...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

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BACKGROUND: Optimal nutrition is highly valuable for athletes aiming at maintaining or improving body composition and sports performance. When combined with structured exercise, time-restricted energy intake may represent an effective non-pharmacological approach to achieve these results. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of four weeks of time-restricted eating (TRE) vs. four weeks of habitual diet on aerobic capacity, body composition and metabolic health in 18-30 years old males accustomed to endurance running...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Hispanics in the U.S. are among those with highest consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and lowest consumption of water. These dietary disparities are rooted in systemic influences that must be identified and addressed. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to describe how Hispanic parents currently living in the greater Washington D.C. metro area and born outside of the U.S., perceived upstream factors that influenced their current beverage choice. DESIGN: Six qualitative focus groups were conducted in Spanish in 2021...