Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma

There has been a substantial growth in India's publications in Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine in the last few years. In 2022, it ranked number one in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) nations, number three among Asian countries, and number 14 globally. Its global contribution in the 1996-2022 period was 1.39%, as compared to 6.56% of China (4.72 times lesser), but this gap has reduced in 2022, where India's contribution increased to 2.82%, as compared to 6.32% from China (2.24 times lesser)...

BACKGROUND: Efforts at minimizing the propensity of posterior approach of hip for post-operative dislocation after total hip arthroplasty have been a subject of continual research. We comparatively evaluated the posterior approach to hip and its quadriceps coxae sparing (QCS) modification with regard to joint stability and component placement.Questions/Purposes: (1) Does sparing of Quadriceps Coxae tendons vis a vis their sectioning in posterior approach help in achieving better intraoperative stability? (2) Does sparing of Quadriceps Coxae tendons come in the way of adequate surgical exposure sufficient to place hip components accurately? (3) Does sparing of Quadriceps Coxae tendons result in better early functional outcome? METHODS: Seventy-two patients requiring THA were enrolled prospectively and randomized into two groups: group A (posterior approach) and group B quadriceps coxae sparing (QCS) approach...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to analyze the prescribing patterns of opioids by different categories of providers for postoperative pain after primary total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA) at a single institution. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on 1774 patients who underwent primary THA or TKA between 2014 and 2019 at a single, level one academic trauma center. Patients were excluded for additional procedures within 90 days of the index surgery...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies in orthopaedic surgeries is becoming increasingly important as it optimises implant designs and treatment procedures. This research article introduces an innovative approach using an AI-driven algorithm, focusing on the humerus bone anatomy. The primary focus of this work is to determine implant dimensions tailored to individual patients. METHODOLOGY: We have utilised Python's DICOM library, which extracts rich information from medical images obtained through CT and MRI scans...

Custom total joint replacement (TJA) implants, specifically designed and manufactured for each patient, have emerged as surgeons seek to improve functional outcomes of primary total joint replacement, as well as treat patients with complex primary deformities, bone defects, and revision surgeries. The purpose of this review is to present the various custom total hip and knee arthroplasty implants available in the United States for primary and revision cases, so that surgeons can understand the design considerations and manufacturing processes of custom implants, as well as their performance compared to standard implants...

INTRODUCTION: Fractures occur in children at an incidence only surpassed by women >85 years and account for 25 % of paediatric injuries. Over the last three decades, there has been a trend towards operative management of children's fractures including utilisation of flexible nails as popularised by the Nancy group in the 1980s. Between 5 and 11 % of paediatric forearm fractures are now fixed in this manner with complication rates of 12-42 %. This study shares the experience of a paediatric level one major trauma centre using this technique in managing long bone fractures in children...

BACKGROUND: Peroneus longus tendon (PLT) is a known graft utilised in the ligamentous reconstructions of knee. The current review was performed to analyze the available evidence regarding PLT in the arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. METHODS: A comprehensive search of literature was performed on March 1, 2023 using 5 databases (for manuscripts published between 2010 and 2023). All studies reporting ACL reconstruction with PL graft in adults ≥18 years were considered; and final studies were shortlisted based on specific exclusion criteria...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Primary simultaneous bilateral total joint arthroplasty (simBTJA) can cause postoperative anemia. Clinicians might hesitate to discharge patients who have large changes in hemoglobin [Hgb], despite Hgb levels remaining above transfusion thresholds. This study was conducted to evaluate if delta Hgb or perioperative blood loss correspond with readmission in primary simBTJA patients not transfused perioperatively. METHODS: From 2015 - 2020, a retrospective chart review of primary simultaneous bilateral total hip/knee arthroplasty cases was conducted...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to investigate the incidence of unplanned reoperation, nonunion and infection following open femoral shaft fractures treated with an intramedullary nail and correlate these occurrences with patient variables and injury characteristics. METHODS: A retrospective review of open femur fractures from a level 1 trauma center between 2012 and 2020 was performed. Ninety-five patients who sustained an open femur fracture, were treated definitively with an intramedullary nail, and had at least 3 months of follow-up were included in the analysis for surgical site infection...

BACKGROUND: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most common surgeries being currently done. As we usher into the era of Individualized Anatomic Reconstruction, it is very important to understand the native anatomy of ACL. We aimed to assess the ACL footprint dimensions in our patients and correlate it with anthropometric variables, which can help in preoperative decision making. METHOD: A total of 143 eligible patients with suspected ACL injury presented during the study period...

Pierre Robin sequence is a rare congenital disorder with variable associations. A two-year-old female child was brought in with complaints of an abnormal gait and right lower limb shortening. A comprehensive clinical evaluation unveiled facial characteristics resembling those of Pierre Robin Sequence, including micrognathia, a cleft palate, and glossoptosis. The child also exhibited retrognathia, a low posterior hairline, bilateral developmental dysplasia of the hips, right foot syndactyly, and a left ectopic kidney as confirmed by ultrasonography...

An aspiration biopsy is a commonly performed procedure for diagnostic sampling, particularly for sampling of cystic soft tissue lesions and bone marrow. The method is also useful for diagnostic sampling of bone lesions, particularly cystic and lytic osseous lesions where traditional methods of core biopsy may yield little to no material. Performing a successful aspiration biopsy involves aspiration of the lesion's contents and curettage of the walls. This requires maintaining a constant negative pressure on the syringe, which can be challenging with bone biopsies, as it requires one hand to maintain significant pressure on the plunger while the other hand manipulates the needle within the lesion...

BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a well-established procedure to cure tubercular hip arthritis in patients with healed tuberculosis while its role in active tuberculosis is still debatable. The aim of the study is to investigate the functional outcomes of THA in active tuberculosis with advanced hip arthritis. The reactivation of tuberculosis and complications postoperatively has also been assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current open-ended prospective cohort study was carried out at a tertiary center from 2018 to 2020...

BACKGROUND: Chemical shift Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is often routinely acquired to assess a spectrum of spinal lesions due to its ability versatility to obtain rapid sequences at the expense of spatial resolution images. It is one of the quickest sequences to acquire at the expense of spatial resolution. OBJECTIVE: In this study we assess the diagnostic efficacy of Chemical shift Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of Neural Foraminal stenosis...

Chronic foot and ankle pain, in contrast to acute traumatic injuries, presents a diagnostic challenge due to its diverse underlying causes. Accurate diagnosis often necessitates the utilization of various imaging modalities, emphasizing the importance of selecting the most appropriate one. The intricate structure of the foot, composed of multiple bones and supported by soft tissues like ligaments and plantar fascia, gives rise to a spectrum of mechanical disorders, including stress fractures, plantar fasciitis, Morton's neuroma, and more...

BACKGROUND: Hip and knee arthroplasty is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Initiation of treatment-dose anticoagulation in the post-operative period in suspected cases prior to confirmed diagnosis involves balancing increased bleeding risk to VTE-associated morbidity. METHODS: A single-centre retrospective cohort study was undertaken comparing outcomes of empirical treatment of suspected VTE in post-operative elective lower-limb arthroplasty patients as opposed to delaying treatment until diagnosis is confirmed...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Operative management is often required for fractures of the elbow, with treatment goals aiming to restore stability, reduction, and early range of motion. The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors for necessitating the application of an external fixator, and to compare range of motion and functional outcomes between patients who required an elbow external fixator to those who did not. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesize that patients who require an external fixator will have worse elbow range of motion and functional outcomes when compared to those who did not...

BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that preoperative corticosteroid injections within three to six months of surgery increase the risk of postoperative infection, there is a growing trend of using corticosteroid injections intraoperatively as an effort to decrease postoperative pain and opiate use. Our aim with this review was to answer the question "Do intraoperative corticosteroid injections increase the risk of infections in arthroscopic surgery?" METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Cochrane, and PMC databases was conducted adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines after registration with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023459138)...