journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34258061/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-hospitalised-copd-exacerbations-in-malta
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yvette Farrugia, Bernard Paul Spiteri Meilak, Neil Grech, Rachelle Asciak, Liberato Camilleri, Stephen Montefort, Christopher Zammit
Method: Data was collected retrospectively from electronic hospital records during the periods 1st March until 10th May in 2019 and 2020. Results: There was a marked decrease in AECOPD admissions in 2020, with a 54.2% drop in admissions ( n = 119 in 2020 vs. n = 259 in 2019). There was no significant difference in patient demographics or medical comorbidities. In 2020, there was a significantly lower number of patients with AECOPD who received nebulised medications during admission (60...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34239729/the-s100-protein-family-as-players-and-therapeutic-targets-in-pulmonary-diseases
#22
REVIEW
Zeeshan Sattar, Alnardo Lora, Bakr Jundi, Christopher Railwah, Patrick Geraghty
The S100 protein family consists of over 20 members in humans that are involved in many intracellular and extracellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, Ca2 + homeostasis, energy metabolism, inflammation, tissue repair, and migration/invasion. Although there are structural similarities between each member, they are not functionally interchangeable. The S100 proteins function both as intracellular Ca2+ sensors and as extracellular factors. Dysregulated responses of multiple members of the S100 family are observed in several diseases, including the lungs (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer)...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34158976/a-machine-learning-approach-to-the-interpretation-of-cardiopulmonary-exercise-tests-development-and-validation
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Or Inbar, Omri Inbar, Ronen Reuveny, Michael J Segel, Hayit Greenspan, Mickey Scheinowitz
OBJECTIVE: At present, there is no consensus on the best strategy for interpreting the cardiopulmonary exercise test's (CPET) results. This study is aimed at assessing the potential of using computer-aided algorithms to evaluate CPET data for identifying chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: Data from 234 CPET files from the Pulmonary Institute, at Sheba Medical Center, and the Givat-Washington College, both in Israel, were selected for this study...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33828863/clinical-and-radiological-presentations-of-various-pulmonary-infections-in-hospitalized-diabetes-mellitus-patients-a-prospective-hospital-based-comparative-case-series-study
#24
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Pravesh Vishwakarma, Kauser Usman, Rajiv Garg, Jyoti Bajpai, Rishi Sethi, Akshyaya Pradhan
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased rate of respiratory tract infections. The objective was to compare demographic, clinical, serum biochemical, and typical and atypical radiological profiles among hospitalized diabetics and nondiabetics with lower respiratory tract infection. Material and Methods . A prospective, hospital-based, consecutive, comparative observational study of 12-month study duration was conducted. Patients aged 13-90 years diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection with or without diagnosed diabetes mellitus participated in the study...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33815843/the-role-of-ics-laba-fixed-dose-combinations-in-the-treatment-of-asthma-and-copd-bioequivalence-of-a-generic-fluticasone-propionate-salmeterol-device
#25
REVIEW
Donald P Tashkin, Jill A Ohar, Arkady Koltun, Richard Allan, Jonathan K Ward
Both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are inflammatory chronic respiratory conditions with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objectives of this review are to briefly describe the pathophysiology and epidemiology of asthma and COPD, discuss guideline recommendations for uncontrolled disease, and review a new generic option for the treatment of asthma and COPD. Although mild forms of these diseases may be controlled with as-needed pharmacotherapy, uncontrolled or persistent asthma and moderate or severe COPD uncontrolled by bronchodilators with elevated eosinophilia or frequent exacerbations may require intervention with combination therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting beta agonists (LABAs), according to international guidelines...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33763240/trainability-of-health-related-and-motor-performance-fitness-in-adults-with-cystic-fibrosis-within-a-12-month-partially-supervised-exercise-program
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthias Welsner, Wolfgang Gruber, Uwe Mellies, Margarete Olivier, Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Christian Taube, Stefanie Dillenhoefer, Cordula Koerner-Rettberg, Florian Stehling
Background: Regular physical activity plays an important role in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study is aimed at investigating the effects of a 12-month partially supervised exercise program on attributes of health-related and motor performance fitness, lung function (ppFEV1), BMI, and habitual physical activity (HPA, steps/day) in adults with CF. Methods: Attributes of health-related and motor performance fitness were examined at the beginning (T0), after 6 (T1), and 12 months (T2) on the basis of five test items: forward bend (FB), bent knee hip extension (HE), plank leg raise (PLR), standing long jump (SLJ), and standing on one leg (OLS)...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33688434/effectiveness-of-clinical-decision-tools-in-predicting-pulmonary-embolism
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael A Simon, Christopher Tan, Patrick Hilden, Lyle Gesner, Barry Julius
Objective: The Wells criteria and revised Geneva score are two commonly used clinical decision tools (CDTs) developed to assist physicians in determining when computed tomographic angiograms (CTAs) should be performed to evaluate the high index of suspicion for pulmonary embolism (PE). Studies have shown varied accuracy in these CDTs in identifying PE, and we sought to determine their accuracy within our patient population. Methods: Patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) who received a CTA for suspected PE from 2019 Jun 1 to 2019 Aug 31 were identified...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33564476/prevalence-of-latent-tuberculosis-infection-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa-a-systematic-review
#28
REVIEW
Mazin Barry
Objective: Data on the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Middle Eastern and North African countries are scarce. We aimed to review all relevant published data in countries belonging to this region to determine the overall prevalence of LTBI in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Methods: In this systematic review PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for observational, prospective, retrospective, cross-sectional, and cohort studies providing prevalence data of LTBI in any MENA country...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33510910/safety-and-feasibility-of-a-novel-protocol-for-percutaneous-dilatational-tracheostomy-in-patients-with-respiratory-failure-due-to-covid-19-infection-a-single-center-experience
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziad Boujaoude, Nagendra Madisi, Bhavi Patel, Jean-Sebastien Rachoin, R Phillip Dellinger, Wissam Abouzgheib
Introduction: The rapidly spreading Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) appeared to be a highly transmissible pathogen in healthcare environments and had resulted in a significant number of patients with respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy, an aerosol-generating procedure that places healthcare workers at high risk of contracting the infection. Instead of deferring or delaying the procedure, we developed and implemented a novel percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) protocol aimed at minimizing the risk of transmission while maintaining favorable procedural outcome...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33510909/association-of-vitamin-d-deficiency-and-newly-diagnosed-pulmonary-tuberculosis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vijay Jaimni, Barkur Ananthakrishna Shasty, Sharath P Madhyastha, Ganesh V Shetty, Raviraja V Acharya, Ragini Bekur, Akhila Doddamani
Introduction: Vitamin D has a significant role in host immune defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has been suggested that pulmonary tuberculosis may be associated with lower levels of vitamin D. Present study was therefore undertaken to identify the association between vitamin D deficiency and pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from 2014 to 2016, including 50 adult newly diagnosed sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients as cases and 50 age and sex-matched healthy participants as control groups...
2021: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33425389/the-prevalence-of-the-eml4-alk-fusion-gene-in-cytology-specimens-from-patients-with-lung-adenocarcinoma
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Didik S Heriyanto, Ika Trisnawati, Evan G Kumara, Vincent Laiman, Fara S Yuliani, Auliya S B Sumpono, Rita Cempaka, Marcellus, Eko Budiono
Background: Under the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement is required to be assessed. However, data showing the prevalence of the ALK rearrangement is still deficient and is not yet available in Indonesia. This study used direct smear preparation from transthoracic needle specimens that are minimally invasive. The main objective of the study is to identify the prevalence of the ALK fusion rearrangement gene in cytological specimens...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33381313/role-of-the-bronchoalveolar-lavage-in-noncritically-ill-patients-during-the-sars-cov-2-epidemic
#32
MULTICENTER STUDY
Olivier Taton, Emmanuelle Papleux, Benjamin Bondue, Christiane Knoop, Sébastien Van Laethem, Alain Bauler, Delphine Martiny, Isabel Montesinos, Marie-Luce Delforge, Kahina Elmaouhab, Dimitri Leduc
Background: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is currently not recommended in noncritically ill patients for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Indeed, the diagnosis is based on the RT-PCR test on a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and abnormal findings on the chest CT scan. However, the sensitivity of the NPS and the specificity of the chest CT scan are low. Results of BAL in case of negative NPS testing are underreported, especially in the subgroup of immunocompromised patients. Objectives: The added value of BAL in the management of unstable, but noncritically ill patients, suspected of having SARS-CoV-2 infection despite one previous negative NPS and the side effects of the procedure for the patients and the health-care providers, were assessed during the epidemic peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in Belgium...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33224528/corrigendum-to-patient-delay-in-initiating-tuberculosis-treatment-and-associated-factors-in-oromia-special-zone-amhara-region
#33
Muhammed Abdu, Awraris Balchut, Eshetu Girma, Wondwosen Mebratu
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/6726798.].
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33014465/neutrophil-oxidized-modified-proteins-and-neutrophil-extracellular-traps-in-patients-with-community-acquired-pneumonia
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vilen Molotov-Luchanskiy, Altynbek Nukhuly, Larissa Muravlyova, Ryszhan Bakirova, Aruna Kossybayeva, Dmitry Klyuyev, Ludmila Demidchik, Irina Beinikova
Materials and Methods: 51 patients with CAP were divided into 2 groups depending on the severity of the pathological process. The first group (I) consisted of 32 patients with moderate severity of pneumonia. The second group (II) consisted of 19 patients with severe pneumonia. The third group (III), the comparison group, consisted of 14 CAP patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The control group consisted of 19 volunteers. Results: Statistically significant increase in the level of carbonyl derivatives (CD) in patients of all study groups relative to the control group was revealed...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32963831/the-effect-of-smoking-on-covid-19-symptom-severity-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Askin Gülsen, Burcu Arpinar Yigitbas, Berat Uslu, Daniel Drömann, Oguz Kilinc
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR2-COV-2) and was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December of 2019, but quickly spread to the rest of the world, causing a pandemic. While some studies have found no link between smoking status and severe COVID-19, others demonstrated a significant one. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between smoking and clinical COVID-19 severity via a systematic meta-analysis approach...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32850151/pulmonary-fibrosis-in-covid-19-survivors-predictive-factors-and-risk-reduction-strategies
#36
REVIEW
Ademola S Ojo, Simon A Balogun, Oyeronke T Williams, Olusegun S Ojo
Although pulmonary fibrosis can occur in the absence of a clear-cut inciting agent, and without a clinically clear initial acute inflammatory phase, it is more commonly associated with severe lung injury. This may be due to respiratory infections, chronic granulomatous diseases, medications, and connective tissue disorders. Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with permanent pulmonary architectural distortion and irreversible lung dysfunction. Available clinical, radiographic, and autopsy data has indicated that pulmonary fibrosis is central to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) and MERS pathology, and current evidence suggests that pulmonary fibrosis could also complicate infection by SARS-CoV-2...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32802503/assessment-of-asthma-control-and-quality-of-life-among-asthmatic-patients-attending-armed-forces-referral-and-teaching-hospital-addis-ababa-ethiopia
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tesfalidet Gebremeskel Zeru, Ephrem Engidawork, Alemseged Beyene Berha
BACKGROUND: The primary goal of asthma management is to achieve good asthma control. However, poor patient-physician communication, unavailability of appropriate medications, and lack of long-term goals have made asthma control difficult in developing countries. Poor assessment of asthma control and quality of life is a major cause of suboptimal asthma treatment worldwide, and information regarding this issue is scanty in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study thus attempted to assess the level of asthma control and quality of life in asthmatic patients attending Armed Forces Referral and Teaching Hospital...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32789027/impact-of-clinical-factors-on-generic-and-disease-specific-quality-of-life-in-copd-and-asthma-copd-overlap-with-exacerbations
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zsófia Lázár, Alpár Horváth, Gábor Tomisa, Lilla Tamási, Veronika Müller
Purpose: The health-related quality of life (HRQL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is worsened by frequent exacerbations, and it can be affected by the concomitant presence of bronchial asthma (asthma-COPD overlap (ACO)). The impacts of clinical factors associated with HRQL have not been compared in patients with COPD and ACO experiencing exacerbations. Patients and Methods . Patients with COPD ( N  =705) and ACO ( N  =148) belonging to C and D groups according to GOLD 2017 were recruited in stable condition...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32774918/epidemiology-of-covid-19-and-predictors-of-recovery-in-the-republic-of-korea
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashis Kumar Das, Saji Saraswathy Gopalan
BACKGROUND: The recent COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a threat to global health. Though current evidence on the epidemiology of the disease is emerging, very little is known about the predictors of recovery. OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology of confirmed COVID-19 patients in the Republic of Korea and identify predictors of recovery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using publicly available data for confirmed COVID-19 cases from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from January 20, 2020, to April 30, 2020, we undertook descriptive analyses of cases stratified by sex, age group, place of exposure, date of confirmation, and province...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32655950/noninvasive-neurally-adjusted-ventilator-assist-ventilation-in-the-postoperative-period-produces-better-patient-ventilator-synchrony-but-not-comfort
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L O Harnisch, U Olgemoeller, J Mann, M Quintel, O Moerer
Background: Noninvasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) has been shown to improve patient-ventilator interaction in many settings. There is still scarce data with regard to postoperative patients indicated for noninvasive ventilation (NIV) which this study elates. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate postoperative patients for synchrony and comfort in noninvasive pressure support ventilation (NIV-PSV) vs. NIV-NAVA. Methods: Twenty-two subjects received either NIV-NAVA or NIV-PSV in an object-blind, prospective, randomized, crossover fashion (observational trial)...
2020: Pulmonary Medicine
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