journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36540132/harmful-alcohol-use-among-patients-with-tuberculosis-in-gedeo-zone-southern-ethiopia
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kalkidan Yohannes, Getinet Ayano, Kusse Koirita Toitole, Henok Mulatu Teferi, Hirbaye Mokona
INTRODUCTION: Alcohol consumption among patients with tuberculosis is on the rise. There is evidence that alcohol consumption negatively affects treatment outcomes for these populations. Due to this, a substantial number of people relapse, withdraw from treatment, or even die as a result of their alcohol addiction. Despite this, little research has been conducted on the factors associated with the harmful use of alcohol by this group of people in Ethiopia. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of harmful alcohol use among patients with tuberculosis in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36471889/drug-epidemiology-as-a-critical-subject-of-global-health-mental-health-and-health-equity-advances-trends-and-contemporary-issues
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua Owolabi
Drug epidemiology basically involves the methodical study of the incidence, distribution, and impact of drug or substance abuse in populations and associated factors with a view to proffering solutions or interventions. Drug epidemiology has significantly evolved over the years. The nature of substances that are being used or abused has also drastically evolved, just as the factors that are associated are also evolving. Populations appear to have observable trends or patterns and characteristic underlying factors that are primarily responsible for the trends...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36466431/a-community-based-study-of-level-and-determinants-of-substance-use-findings-from-children-experiencing-homelessness-in-major-cities-of-northern-ethiopia
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zinabu Asfaw, Mengistu Mitiku, Haftom Temesgen Abebe, Mussie Tesfay Atsbeha
BACKGROUND: Homelessness among children is a significant problem in most nations of the world. Children who experienced homelessness are most often unable to get secured and adequate housing. Such problems expose them to a range of destructive practices such as substance use. This study, therefore, was designed to evaluate the level and determinants of substance use by children who experienced homelessness in major cities of Northern Ethiopia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was undertaken from October 1, 2019 to February 30, 2020...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36411791/an-umbrella-review-of-the-links-between-adverse-childhood-experiences-and-substance-misuse-what-why-and-where-do-we-go-from-here
#24
REVIEW
Lucinda Grummitt, Emma Barrett, Erin Kelly, Nicola Newton
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A wealth of research has identified adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; abuse, neglect, violence or disorder in the home) as a strong risk factor for substance misuse. Synthesis of the existing evidence is critical to shape policy and inform directions for future research. Existing reviews have focused on specific substances or substance use outcomes (eg, disorder), and do not include discussion of the mechanisms that operate between ACEs and substance misuse...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36394052/prolonged-codeine-administration-causes-degeneration-of-myelinated-axons-and-motor-dysfunction-in-wistar-rats
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor Bassey Archibong, Ibe Michael Usman, Ann Monima Lemuel
PURPOSE: Over-the-counter (OTC) anti-cough medications which contain codeine (an opioid) are extensively available in Nigeria, and hence prone to overuse or abuse. The study aimed to understand the effects of oral codeine administration on the integrity of neurons of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum and its behavioral implications in male Wistar rats. METHODS: Thirty adult male Wistar rats of comparable weights were obtained and randomly allocated into 5 groups: A, B, C, D, and E (n = 6)...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36124240/history-of-delirium-tremens-in-aud-patients-in-treatment-relationship-to-aud-severity-and-other-factors
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jørgen G Bramness, Susmita Pandey, Jenny Skumsnes Moe, Helge Toft, Lars Lien, Ingeborg Bolstad
Introduction: Delirium tremens (DT) occurs after stopping prolonged, high alcohol intake and may be life-threatening if untreated. We need to know about clinical correlates of DT in order to provide the best clinical care. Methods: At admission to inpatient treatment a cohort of 114 alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients were interviewed and examined concerning psychiatric diagnosis and symptoms, trauma experiences and alcohol related measures and if they had experienced DT...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36105487/services-available-at-united-states-addiction-treatment-facilities-that-offer-medications-versus-behavioral-treatment-only-a-cross-sectional-observational-analysis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Weber, Benjamin Miskle, Alison Lynch, Stephan Arndt, Laura Acion
Purpose: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are widespread and cause significant morbidity and mortality, yet most people in the United States with a SUD do not receive treatment. Recommendations call for widespread use of pharmacotherapy, including medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). However, many facilities do not offer a full array of medication treatments. This study aims to characterize programs that do and do not offer pharmacotherapy as part of addiction treatment services...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36097584/using-the-theory-of-planned-behavior-to-explain-and-predict-areca-nut-use-among-adolescents-in-india-an-exploratory-study
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Himanshu A Gupte, Nilesh Chatterjee, Gauri Mandal
Context: Areca nut, used alone or in combination with tobacco, contributes to the high oral cancer burden in India. Used widely by adolescents, who perceive it as a harmless substance, areca nut is addictive and considered a precursor to tobacco use. Given its serious implications for addictiveness and physical health, urgent preventive interventions for areca nut use are required in India and South-East Asia. Studies examining the role of health behavior theory in explaining and predicting areca nut use and for development of its prevention among adolescents are scarce...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36093428/cocaine-use-disorder-cud-current-clinical-perspectives
#29
REVIEW
Elizabeth K C Schwartz, Noah R Wolkowicz, Joao P De Aquino, R Ross MacLean, Mehmet Sofuoglu
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a devastating disorder, impacting both individuals and society. Individuals with CUD face many barriers in accessing treatment for CUD, and most individuals with CUD never receive treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of CUD, including risk factors for CUD, common co-occurring disorders, acute and chronic effects of cocaine use, and currently available pharmacological and behavioral treatments. There are no FDA-approved pharmacological treatments for CUD. Future studies with larger sample sizes and testing treatment combinations are warranted...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35173515/current-insights-on-the-impact-of-gamma-hydroxybutyrate-ghb-abuse
#30
REVIEW
Emma Tay, Wing Kwan Winky Lo, Bridin Murnion
Recreational gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) use, although less common than other substance use, is increasingly recognised and is over-represented in emergency toxicology presentations. This narrative review summarizes GHB pharmacology, current patterns of use, potential harms and management of GHB toxicity and withdrawal. There is a complex interplay between GHB and GABA as GHB is both a prodrug and metabolite of GABA and GHB activates both GHB and GABA receptors. GHB is rapidly absorbed, with effects seen within minutes of ingestion...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35115860/the-impact-of-stigma-on-people-with-opioid-use-disorder-opioid-treatment-and-policy
#31
REVIEW
Ali Cheetham, Louisa Picco, Anthony Barnett, Dan I Lubman, Suzanne Nielsen
Illicit drug use disorders are the most stigmatised health conditions worldwide, and stigma acts as a meaningful barrier to treatment entry and treatment provision. In the context of dramatically rising opioid-related harms, it is critical that we understand the drivers of stigma and how it affects opioid use disorder treatment and policy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss how opioid-related stigma impacts treatment provision and harm reduction, and provide potential strategies to reduce stigma at a social and structural level...
2022: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34849047/substance-use-in-pregnancy-identifying-stigma-and-improving-care
#32
REVIEW
Andrea Weber, Benjamin Miskle, Alison Lynch, Stephan Arndt, Laura Acion
This review examines the impact of stigma on pregnant people who use substances. Stigma towards people who use drugs is pervasive and negatively impacts the care of substance-using people by characterizing addiction as a weakness and fostering beliefs that undermine the personal resources needed to access treatment and recover from addiction, including self-efficacy, help seeking and belief that they deserve care. Stigma acts on multiple levels by blaming people for having a problem and then making it difficult for them to get help, but in spite of this, most pregnant people who use substances reduce or stop using when they learn they are pregnant...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34737668/problems-in-social-medicine-related-to-alcohol-and-deaths-autopsy-cases-in-the-southern-part-of-osaka-city
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naoto Tani, Tomoya Ikeda, Tatsuya Hirokawa, Yayoi Aoki, Alissa Shida, Kei Ikeda, Fumiya Morioka, Takaki Ishikawa
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the social and medical background of alcohol dependence and to prevent the abuse of alcohol. Methods: Alcohol and deaths were retrospectively investigated based on the forensic postmortem data of 1694 decedents ≥20 years of age in 2008-2017. Of these, the 999 cases that could be tested for alcohol within 48 h of death were examined. Results: The alcohol-positive and alcohol-negative groups included 179 (17...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34703353/disability-status-unemployment-and-alcohol-related-liver-disease-ald-mortality-a-large-sample-individual-level-longitudinal-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Augustine J Kposowa, Kevin Breault
Purpose: Unlike previous research, we evaluate disability within expanded employment status factors and stratify gender, race and ethnicity in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) mortality in a large sample individual level longitudinal study. Materials and Methods: The National Longitudinal Mortality Study (NLMS) was used covering the period 1990-2011. Statistical analysis involved the use of proportional hazards regression on a sample of almost 1.4 million people aged 18 and older, of whom 2638 died of ALD by the end of the follow-up period...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34675751/prevalence-of-cigarette-smoking-and-associated-factors-among-adolescents-in-eastern-ethiopia-2020
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdurahman Kedir Roble, Mohamed Omar Osman, Om Parkash Lathwal, Abdirashid Abdi Aden
Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality globally, and it is accountable for many causes of premature deaths. Despite the negative consequences of cigarette smoking, studies to identify factors associated with cigarette smoking are scanty and little is known about this practice in the Somali region so far, so this study aimed to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking and associated factors among adolescents in the Gode, eastern Ethiopia 2020...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34466053/why-are-youth-engaged-in-substance-use-a-qualitative-study-exploring-substance-use-and-risk-factors-among-the-youth-of-jimma-town-southwest-ethiopia
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tinsae Abeya Geleta, Demuma Amdisa, Abraham Tamirat Gizaw, Dejene Tilahun
Introduction: Substance use refers to the use of psychoactive substances such as khat, alcohol, cigarettes, and illicit drugs. Young people are more vulnerable to substance use than older people. Substance use has varying impacts on the health and socio-economics of countries, and is a major public health concern globally. Currently, substance use is a common public health concern among the youth of Ethiopia, mainly in Jimma town. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the substance use and risk factors among the youth of Jimma town in 2019...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34429683/self-reported-sedative-drug-use-among-students-attending-at-university-of-gondar-gondar-northwest-ethiopia-a-cross-sectional-study
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gashaw Binega Mekonnen, Simachew Gidey Debeb, Nurahmed Seid Getaw, Zemene Demelash Kifle
Background: Medical students experience significant psychological stress and are therefore at higher risk of using sedatives. There are currently no studies describing the prevalence of sedative drug use among medical students in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported sedative drug use among medical students attending the College of Medicine and Health Science (CMHS) students at the University of Gondar (UoG). Material and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2018 in CMHS at UoG...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34429682/prevalence-of-khat-catha-edulis-chewing-and-its-determinants-a-respondent-driven-survey-from-hossana-ethiopia
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Riyaz Ahmad Rather, Solomon Berhanu, Lemma Abaynah, Mohammed Sultan
Background: Ethiopia is a leading khat producer in East Africa, and almost all regions are involved in khat production. Hossana, a small town in Southern Ethiopia, is also actively involved in khat production and its use. However, very few studies have been conducted to investigate the habit of khat chewing in this area. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and predictors of khat chewing among Hossana residents. Methods: The study was conducted on 1700 individuals in Hossana town from March 2018 to June 2019...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34211312/addiction-medicine-practice-based-research-network-amnet-assessment-tools-and-quality-measures
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diana E Clarke, Adila Ibrahim, Benjamin Doty, Sejal Patel, Debbie Gibson, Anna Pagano, Laura Thompson, Amy B Goldstein, Frank Vocci, Robert P Schwartz
Introduction: The need for innovative approaches to address the opioid epidemic in the United States is widely recognized. Many challenges exist to addressing this epidemic, including the obstacles outpatient substance use treatment practices face in implementing measurement-based care (MBC), quality measurement systems, and evidence-based treatments. Also, there are insufficient opportunities for clinicians in these settings to participate in research, resulting in diminished translation of research findings into community-based practice...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34140820/simplifying-addiction
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Mohan Kaggwa
Addiction disorders/substance use disorders (SUD) are on the rise. However, many mental health care providers have never experienced SUD themselves, leading to higher chances of poor patient care through stigma, judgement, and the misunderstanding of patients. An alternative approach to understanding patients with addictive behaviors using a comparison of sex is discussed in this paper. Since most health care providers will have experienced sex, this analog can help mental health workers with no lived experience of SUD better understand their patients...
2021: Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
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