International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) is an instrument for assessing the nutritional status of stage 5 CKD patients, while simplified creatinine index (SCI) is used to assess muscle mass indirectly. PURPOSE: This study aims to analyse the correlation between SCI and MIS, as well as determine the SCI cut-off value as a predictor of malnutrition in stage 5 CKD patients on maintenance HD. METHODS: This research was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional study approach...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the best-performing algorithm for predicting Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) necessitating dialysis following cardiac surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The dataset encompassed patient data from a tertiary cardiothoracic center in Malaysia between 2011 and 2015, sourced from electronic health records. Extensive preprocessing and feature selection ensured data quality and relevance. Four machine learning algorithms were applied: Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosted Trees, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest...

INTRODUCTION: The causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people living in Sub-Saharan Africa await identification. Also, whether cardiovascular risk and disease extent differ among patients with different CKD etiologies is uncertain. METHODS: In this prospective cross-sectional study, we examined the presumed causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their relationships with cardiovascular risk and disease in 743 consecutive patients from a sub-Saharan low-income population...

INTRODUCTION: X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) is caused by pathogenic variants in COL4A5 which lead to abnormalities of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) structural and is characterized by progressive kidney disease, hearing loss, and ocular abnormalities. The aim of this study was to identify gene mutations in a Chinese family with XLAS by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and verified the pathogenicity of the mutation in vitro experiments. CASE PRESENTATION: A five-generation pedigree with a total of 49 family members originating from Hainan province of China was investigated in this study...

Hyperphosphataemia represents a significant challenge in the management of chronic kidney disease, exerting a pronounced influence on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications and mineral bone disorders. Traditional approaches to address hyperphosphataemia involve implementing dietary phosphate restrictions, administering phosphate binders, and, in cases of end-stage renal disease, resorting to dialysis. Unfortunately, these interventions frequently prove inadequate in maintaining phosphate levels within recommended ranges...

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BACKGROUND: We assessed the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to four doses of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese hemodialysis patients and determined factors associated with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer after the fourth dose. METHODS: Fifty-one patients were enrolled in this single-center, prospective, longitudinal study. Change in anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titers between after the second and fourth doses were evaluated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer after the fourth dose...

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in critical patients, leading to a worse prognosis. Although its consequences are worse among critical patients, AKI is also associated with less favorable outcomes in non-critical patients. Therefore, understanding the magnitude of the problem in these patients is crucial, yet there is a scarcity of evidence in non-critical settings, especially in resource limited countries. Hence, the study aimed at determining the incidence and predictors of hospital acquired acute kidney injury (HAAKI) in non-critical medical patients who were admitted at a large tertiary hospital in Ethiopia...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease affects a large part of the population with hypertension, diabetes mellitus as well as those over 50 years of age. Research reported that male sex and other comorbidities such as obesity and anemia are more frequent in Chronic kidney disease, as well as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or hypertension. OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors associated with the development of chronic kidney disease in adults with arterial hypertension...

INTRODUCTION: AKI is a frequent complication in sepsis patients and is estimated to occur in almost half of patients with severe sepsis. However, there is currently no effective therapy for AKI in sepsis. Therefore, the therapeutic approach is focused on prevention. Based on this, there is an opportunity to examine a panel of biomarker models for predicting AKI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study analysed the differences in Cystatin C, Beta-2 Microglobulin, and NGAL levels in sepsis patients with AKI and sepsis patients without AKI...

Advances in the treatment of kidney failure with chronic dialysis have stagnated over the past three decades, with over 50% of patients still managed by conventional in-hospital haemodialysis. In parallel, the demands of chronic dialysis medical care have changed and evolved due to a growing population that has higher frailty and multimorbidity. Thus, the gap between the needs of kidney failure patients and the healthcare capability to provide effective overall management has widened. To address this problem, healthcare policy has increasingly aligned towards a human-centred approach...

Glomeruli can be damaged in several conditions after kidney transplantation, with a potential impact on the graft function and survival. Primary glomerulonephritis, a group of glomerular immunological damage that results in variable histological patterns and clinical phenotypes, can occur in kidney transplant recipients as a recurrent or de novo condition. Specific immunologic conditions associated with kidney transplantation, such as acute rejection episodes, can act as an additional trigger after transplantation, impacting the incidence of these glomerulopathies...

BACKGROUND: Data on 25 [OH] vitamin D and intact parathyroid hormone [iPTH] in hemodialysis patients are very limited in sub-Saharan African countries. The present study aimed to assess the magnitude of hypovitaminosis D, and to evaluate the achievement of iPTH KDIGO 2017 targets among chronic hemodialysis patients followed in Kinshasa. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study in 6 hospitals in Kinshasa. All patients followed on hemodialysis for more than 3 months were included...

BACKGROUND: Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are at a higher risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) due to the immunosuppressed state along with concomitant comorbidities and socioeconomic and demographic factors. Data on the prevalence of tuberculosis in ESRD are scarce despite the high burden of the disease in developing nations. METHODS: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted at eight dialysis centers in Addis Ababa on the prevalence of TB among CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis from August 2022 to October 2022 G...

BACKGROUND: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is associated with a tremendous financial burden. Data in Indonesia shows an increasing number of patients with ESKD taking hemodialysis as a routine procedure every year. Establishment and maintenance of vascular access are important in the management of ESKD. Vascular complications that often arise due to hemodialysis are common and one of the main reasons for hospitalization. Cannulation complications ranged from minor hematomas to acute bleeding from pseudoaneurysms that required emergency surgical procedures...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, with metabolic disorders exacerbating this risk. Compared with body mass index, waist circumference (WC) has been proposed as a more effective indicator of abnormal visceral fat. However, the associations among CKD, abnormal WC, and CVD remain understudied. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study in Taiwan (July 2006 to May 2016) involved 10,342 participants undergoing self-paid health checkups at a single medical center...

BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis. Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 (MPC2) mediating pyruvate transport from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix, determines the cell survival and cellular energy supply. Here, we aimed to investigate the association of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier expression with the clinical and histological features in LN. METHODS: Patients with biopsy-proven proliferative LN (class III and class IV, n=18) and membranous LN (class V, n=18) were included...

INTRODUCTION: As the highest function in the brain that regulates our daily activity, executive dysfunction might affect someone's health-related quality of life (HRQoL), especially in those with chronic diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Neurocognitive functions, including intelligence quotient (IQ) and executive function can be affected through various mechanisms in CKD. However, there was still no specific study regarding how IQ and executive function might affect HRQoL in children with CKD...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) region and a leading cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. Early initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter - 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and proper sequencing with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) in these patients may result in better clinical outcomes due to their cardioprotective properties and complementary mechanisms of action. In this review, we present guideline-based consensus recommendations by experts from the MEA region, as practical algorithms for screening, early detection, nephrology referral, and treatment pathways for CKD management in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus...

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It is characterized by the mesangial deposition of IgA-containing immune complexes, triggering damage to the glomerular filtration barrier that is amplified by the tandem action of endothelin-1 and angiotensin II at their receptors. Proteinuria and progressive glomerular damage cause loss of kidney function in up to 50% of patients within 10-20 years. The risk of progression is strongly associated with persistent proteinuria (>0...