Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction

Study Design: We designed a cross-sectional epidemiologic study to evaluate the influence of substance use on craniofacial injuries in a population of skateboard and scooter users. Objective: The primary outcome of our study was craniofacial injury. The secondary outcome was hospitalization. Methods: We report a cross-sectional study of patients reported to the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020, in the United States. Patients were included in our study if they were evaluated in the emergency department (ED) for a skateboard- or scooter-related injury...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic on the regional trends in facial trauma at a tertiary care, level 1 trauma center in Central New York. METHODS: The study sample was derived from the population of patients who presented with facial trauma to the emergency department at the Downtown and/or Community Campuses of SUNY Upstate University Hospital between March 1, 2020, and May 15, 2020, and compared to two historical controls in 2018 and 2019...

STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of the 2014 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). OBJECTIVE: Intraoral and submental projectile entry points may be less fatal than other facial entry points due to the indirect access to the intracranial structures and the protection offered by the intervening maxillofacial complex. Because intraoral and submental trajectories are almost always present in the setting of attempted suicide, this study sought to determine if intent (self-harm versus other-harm) influenced mortality in facial gunshot wound (GSW) patients...

Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM) is an adjunctive treatment modality designed to reorient misaligned tissue structures and nasal cartilage in cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) patients. Recent advances in NAM therapy focus on modifications to the intraoral molding plate or nasal stent intended to improve treatment outcomes, ease of use, compliance, and cost-effectiveness. Notably, 3D technological advancements have been employed to design NAM devices more efficiently and create objective, standardized means of measuring progressive morphological changes during therapy...

Study Design: Observational. Objective: To investigate the effects on the cervical spine of positioning patients for maxillofacial procedures by simulating intraoperative positions for common maxillofacial procedures. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess the effects of head position in common intraoperative configurations - neutral (anterior mandible position), extended (tracheostomy position) and laterally rotated (mandibular condyle position) on the C-spine of a healthy volunteer...

Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Objective: Concurrent substance-use, including alcohol and drugs, increases the risks of many recreational activities. Our purpose was to determine the relationship between substance use and craniofacial injuries in a large population of patients experiencing trauma due to recreational motorized vehicle use. Methods: We report a cross-sectional study of patients reported to the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, in the United States...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of inorganic bovine bone graft (Lumina Bone, Criteria, Brazil) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) graft (ChronOS, Synthes, Brazil) in rats with the risk of developing post-extraction medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). METHODS: Eighteen male Wistar rats weighing 350 to 450 g were induced to develop MRONJ using zoledronic acid for 5 weeks. In the sixth week, the right maxillary first molar was extracted...

STUDY DESIGN: Survey study. OBJECTIVE: Facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (FVCA) can cost over 1 million dollars per procedure and is usually not covered by insurance, yet this financial burden and public opinion surrounding this procedure are not well understood. This study is the first to evaluate the layperson's opinions on the allocation of financial responsibility for FVCA and its inclusion in organ donation registries. METHODS: Eight hundred and fifteen laypersons were surveyed through MTurk to assess their agreement with 11 statements about FVCA perceptions, funding, and inclusion on organ donation registries...

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: The challenges of COVID-19 could magnify socioeconomic vulnerability for craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma. This study compares subjects who presented with CMF fractures to a regional healthcare system during the pandemic with those in 2019. We hypothesized societal circumstances of 2020 would correlate with disproportionately more CMF fractures in vulnerable patients compared to pre-pandemic trends. Methods: An IRB approved retrospective study of CMF fracture presentations in 2019 and 2020 was performed...

STUDY DESIGN: Autotransplantation, if possible, is a viable option for replacing a missing tooth when a donor tooth is available. The most typical tooth transplant is the transfer of a third molar to a first molar site. No immune reaction results from transplants of this nature. It restores the proprioceptive function and normal periodontal healing; thus, the patient can have a natural chewing feeling and natural biological response. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the prognosis of autotransplanted mandibular third molar and also to evaluate the cost effectiveness of the treatment performed when compared to the other treatment modalities for prosthetic rehabilitation...

STUDY DESIGN: Comparative cross-sectional. OBJECTIVE: To measure the impact that COrona VIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has had on craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgeons after 1 year and compare it with 2020 data by ( 1 ) measuring access to adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), ( 2 ) performance of elective surgery, and ( 3 ) the vaccination status. This should be investigated because most CMF surgeons felt that hospitals did not provide them with adequate PPE...

Study Design: This study aimed to introduce 3D printing in a municipal hospital to improve the treatment of craniomaxillofacial patients and optimize costs and operating time. Thus we describe the implementation of low-cost in-house 3D printing to facilitate orbital- and mandible reconstruction in CMF surgery. Moreover, we address legal requirements, safety at work, fire- and data protection. Finally, we want to share our experiences using 3D printing and point out its advantages in providing better patient care...

Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Objective: Injury and trauma scores are the mainstay of predicting outcomes of trauma patients. ZS (Zeeshan and Simon) maxillofacial trauma score is based on 4 previous facial trauma scores and is user friendly, app-based visually coded facial trauma scoring system. Our study was designed to seek the application of an app-based ZS maxillofacial trauma score to predict the operative time, intensive care unit (ICU) need and length of stay...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of active decompression and distraction sugosteogenesis (ADDS) for the management of non-syndromic odontogenic keratocysts (OKC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective case series study was designed and implemented. The study observed the Declaration of Helsinki on medical protocol and ethics and it was approved by the university's Institutional Review Board (IRB). The medical files of all patients who underwent ADDS for OKCs of the jaws at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of a tertiary university-affiliated medical center were reviewed...

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. OBJECTIVE: There is a growing trend toward evidence-based management of third molars in the fracture line of mandibular angle fractures (MAFs). This study aimed to differentiate MAF fixation complications by degree of third molar eruption and by extraction strategy in patients undergoing Champy fixation. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, SCOPUS, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov were queried through May 2020 for English-language publications for MAFs with third molar involvement for this systematic review...

Study Design: Retrospective cohort review. Objective: To investigate the relationship between falls from height and facial injuries. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study, conducted over a 7-year period, of the medical records of all patients who presented to hospital for a maxillofacial injury following a fall from height. Fall heights were classified as low falls (1-3 m), high falls (3-10 m) and very high falls (≥10 m). Results: A total of 111 patients with 218 facial bone fractures were identified (78 men, 33 women and mean age 50...

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Study Design: Cadaveric simulation study. Objective: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which can be transmitted via aerosolized viral particles, has directed focus on protection of healthcare workers during procedures involving the upper aerodigestive tract, including maxillofacial trauma repair. This study evaluates particle generation at different distances from open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of maxillofacial injuries in the intraoperative setting to reduce the risk of contracting airborne diseases such as COVID-19...

STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review according to PRISMA statement has been designed to answer the preliminary question: " In titanium mesh exposures, is there a treatment alternative which leads to an increased graft maintenance? " and fill the PICO assessment out. OBJECTIVE: To review studies published in the past 20 years (1999-2019) in which mesh exposure has occurred, detecting the suitable approaches to treat exposure allowing the graft maintenance. METHODS: Initial search on PUBMED, SCOPUS, and COCHRANE databases resulted in 777 articles, and hand-searching identified 6 articles...

Study Design: Fractures of the mandibular condyle are a common injury in maxillofacial trauma. Both conservative treatment (i.e., analgesic therapy and soft diet) and intermaxillary fixation (IMF) or open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) have satisfactory and functional outcomes, though severe late-onset complications have been reported. Objective: We compared the long-term complications of patients with condylar fractures treated conservatively, with IMF, or with combined ORIF and IMF...