Journal of Thoracic Disease

BACKGROUND: Although subcentimeter nodules represent precursor or minimally invasive lung cancer in most cases, there are still a few that are subcentimeter invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC). The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic effect of ground-glass opacity (GGO) and the optimal surgical procedure in this special group. METHODS: Patients with subcentimeter IAC were enrolled and were categorized into pure GGO, part-solid, and solid nodules based on the radiological appearance...

BACKGROUND: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) are mainly used in the treatment of ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but a comprehensive clinical evaluation of ALK-TKIs is lacking. Hence, a comparison of ALK-TKIs for first-line treatment of ALK-positive advanced NSCLC is essential to provide rational drug use and a basis for improving national policies and systems. METHODS: According to the Guideline for the Administration of Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation of Drugs (2021) and the Technical Guideline for the Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation of Antitumor Drugs (2022), a comprehensive clinical evaluation index system of first-line treatment drugs for ALK-positive advanced NSCLC was established by literature review and expert interviews...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: In the surgical treatment of chest wall tumors requiring large chest wall resection, reconstruction of the chest wall defect is required using various autologous tissues or artificial materials. However, no appropriate method has been reported to evaluate whether each reconstruction is successful or not. Therefore, we performed lung volumetry before and after surgery to evaluate the negative effects of chest wall surgery on lung expansion. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with chest wall tumors who underwent surgery were included in this study...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a life-threatening disease with a high mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU), and autophagy plays an essential role in the development of sepsis. The purpose of this study was to identify potential autophagy-related genes in sepsis and their relationship with immune cell infiltration by bioinformatics analysis. METHODS: The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profile of the GSE28750 data set was collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database...

BACKGROUND: Not all gastroesophageal reflux-induced cough (GERC) patients respond to anti-reflux treatment. It is not certain whether reflux-related symptoms or other clinical characteristics could indicate a successful response to anti-reflux treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical features and anti-reflux response. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of suspected GERC who had reflux-related symptoms or reflux evidence based on abnormal 24-hour esophageal pH value monitoring, or who had no evidence of other common causes of chronic cough in our chronic cough database with a standard case report form...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Esophageal cancer (EC) patients are living longer due to enhanced screening and novel therapeutics, however, the post-esophagectomy long-term management remains challenging for patients, caregivers, and providers. Patients experience significant morbidity and have difficulty managing symptoms. Providers struggle to manage symptoms, affecting patients' quality of life and complicating care coordination between surgical teams and primary care providers. To address these patient unique needs and create a standardized method for evaluating patient reported long-term outcomes after esophagectomy for EC, our team developed the Upper Digestive Disease Assessment tool, which evolved to become a mobile application...

BACKGROUND: Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and other biomarkers are not completely reliable predictors of the response to checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the value of peripheral serological inflammatory indicators and their combination in predicting the prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with checkpoint inhibitors. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed 116 NSCLC patients treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies...

BACKGROUND: The prognostic role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been confirmed in many malignant tumors, but it has not been widely discussed in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of LDH in patients with ESCC and to generate a risk score model to predict prognosis in patients who were treated with chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: A total of 614 patients with ESCC who received chemoradiotherapy from 2012 to 2016 were examined in this single-center retrospective study...

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BACKGROUND: Appropriate size matching between donor and recipient is critical for successful pulmonary transplantation. Although surrogate measurements such as height and gender are often utilized to approximate predicted lung volume, these methods provide only a gross estimation with wide variability and poor predictive value. CASE DESCRIPTION: A single center exploratory study was conducted in which four patients underwent lung transplantation (LT) with pre-operative computed tomography (CT) volumetry obtained in both the donor and recipient to facilitate decision making regarding organ size and suitability...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported that the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antiangiogenic agents could be a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, both ICIs and antiangiogenic agents are associated with endocrine dysfunctions, mainly hypothyroidism. The risk of hypothyroidism is potentially increased with the combination of ICIs and antiangiogenic agents. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of hypothyroidism in patients receiving combination therapy...

BACKGROUND: The damage-induced non-coding ( DINO ) RNA is a newly identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) found in human cells with DNA damage. The treatment of tumors with cisplatin can induce DNA damage; however, whether the lncRNA DINO is involved in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not yet been elucidated. METHODS: The expression of the lncRNA DINO in lung adenocarcinoma cells was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)...

BACKGROUND: The increase in the use of ultrasound-guided interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases has increased the importance of intraoperative real-time cardiac ultrasound image interpretation. We thus aimed to develop a deep learning-based model to accurately identify, localize, and track the critical cardiac structures and lesions (9 kinds in total) and to validate the algorithm's performance using independent data sets. METHODS: This diagnostic study developed a deep learning-based model using data collected from Fuwai Hospital between January 2018 and June 2019...

BACKGROUND: Polymyxins have become an important treatment option for carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) infections. However, there is a rare of clinical studies on colistin sulfate. This study sought to investigate the rate of clinical improvement and adverse reactions of colistin sulfate in the treatment of severe infections caused by CRO in critically ill patients and assess the factors associated with 28-day all-cause mortality. METHODS: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included intensive care unit (ICU) patients who received colistin sulfate due to CRO infections during July 2021 and May 2022...

BACKGROUND: The expression levels of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in human acute Stanford type A aortic dissecting aneurysm and normal active vascular tissues were compared using the array lncRNA/mRNA expression profile chip technology. METHODS: The tissue samples of 5 patients who presented with Stanford type A aortic dissections and the normal ascending aorta tissues from 5 donor heart transplantation patients receiving surgical treatment in Ganzhou People's Hospital were collected...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Esophageal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China. Previous studies have shown that surgery alone is less effective. Neoadjuvant therapy refers to preoperative chemoradiotherapy, which is the standard treatment for locally advanced and operable esophageal cancer. Selection of appropriate surgical methods and timing after neoadjuvant therapy is of great significance for improving the prognosis of patients and reducing postoperative complications...