journal
Journals Cardiovascular Engineering and...

Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504076/entire-mitral-valve-reconstruction-using-porcine-extracellular-matrix-adding-a-ring-annuloplasty
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johannes H Jedrzejczyk, Stine Krog, Søren N Skov, Karen B Poulsen, Mona Sharghbin, Leila L Benhassen, Sten L Nielsen, J Michael Hasenkam, Marcell J Tjørnild
PURPOSE: This study investigated the implications of inserting a flexible annuloplasty ring after reconstructing the entire mitral valve in a porcine model using a previously investigated tube graft design made of 2-ply small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix (CorMatrix®). METHODS: An acute model with eight 80-kg pigs, each acting as its own control, was used. The entire mitral valve was reconstructed with a 2-ply small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix tube graft (CorMatrix®)...
March 19, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499933/literature-survey-for-in-vivo-reynolds-and-womersley-numbers-of-various-arteries-and-implications-for-compliant-in-vitro-modelling
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P N Williamson, P D Docherty, M Jermy, B M Steven
PURPOSE: In-vitro modelling can be used to investigate haemodynamics of arterial geometry and stent implants. However, in-vitro model fidelity relies on precise matching of in-vivo conditions. In pulsatile flow, velocity distribution and wall shear stress depend on compliance, and the Reynolds and Womersley numbers. However, matching such values may lead to unachievable tolerances in phantom fabrication. METHODS: Published Reynolds and Womersley numbers for 14 major arteries in the human body were determined via a literature search...
March 18, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468115/standardized-bench-test-evaluation-of-biomechanical-characteristics-of-stents-used-in-right-ventricular-outflow-tract-revalvulation
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pierre-Guillaume Piriou, Julien Plessis, Thibaut Manigold, Vincent Letocart, Robin Le Ruz, Paul Padovani, Patrice Guérin
PURPOSE: Pre-stenting of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is commonly performed before percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI), to relieve obstruction, prevent valved stent fractures, and provide a landing zone. This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of the stents currently used to perform pre-stenting of the RVOT. METHODS: We assessed five commercially available stents: Cheatham-Platinum Stent ("CP Stent"), AndraStent XL, AndraStent XXL, Optimus XL, and Optimus XXL...
March 11, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468114/establishment-of-a-biaxial-testing-system-for-characterization-of-right-ventricle-viscoelasticity-under-physiological-loadings
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kellan Roth, Wenqiang Liu, Kristen LeBar, Matt Ahern, Zhijie Wang
PURPOSE: Prior studies have indicated an impact of cardiac muscle viscoelasticity on systolic and diastolic functions. However, the studies of ventricular free wall viscoelasticity, particularly for that of right ventricles (RV), are limited. Moreover, investigations on ventricular passive viscoelasticity have been restricted to large animals and there is a lack of data on rodent species. To fill this knowledge gap, this study aims to develop a biaxial tester that induces high-speed physiological deformations to characterize the passive viscoelasticity of rat RVs...
March 11, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459240/surgical-modulation-of-pulmonary-artery-shear-stress-a-patient-specific-cfd-analysis-of-the-norwood-procedure
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simbarashe G Chidyagwai, Michael S Kaplan, Christopher W Jensen, James S Chen, Reid C Chamberlain, Kevin D Hill, Piers C A Barker, Timothy C Slesnick, Amanda Randles
PURPOSR: This study created 3D CFD models of the Norwood procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) using standard angiography and echocardiogram data to investigate the impact of shunt characteristics on pulmonary artery (PA) hemodynamics. Leveraging routine clinical data offers advantages such as availability and cost-effectiveness without subjecting patients to additional invasive procedures. METHODS: Patient-specific geometries of the intrathoracic arteries of two Norwood patients were generated from biplane cineangiograms...
March 8, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448643/influence-of-remodeled-ecm-and-co-culture-with-ipsc-derived-cardiac-fibroblasts-on-the-mechanical-function-of-micropatterned-ipsc-derived-cardiomyocytes
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Stempien, M Josvai, J Notbohm, J Zhang, T J Kamp, W C Crone
INTRODUCTION: In native heart tissue, functions of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) include synthesis, remodeling, and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as secreting factors that regulate cardiomyocyte (CM) function. The influence of direct co-culture and CF-derived ECM on CM mechanical function are not fully understood. METHODS: Here we use an engineered culture platform that provides control over ECM geometry and substrate stiffness to evaluate the influence of iPSC-CFs, and the ECM they produce, on the mechanical function of iPSC-CMs...
March 6, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438692/patient-specific-haemodynamic-analysis-of-virtual-grafting-strategies-in-type-b-aortic-dissection-impact-of-compliance-mismatch
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis Girardin, Catriona Stokes, Myat Soe Thet, Aung Ye Oo, Stavroula Balabani, Vanessa Díaz-Zuccarini
INTRODUCTION: Compliance mismatch between the aortic wall and Dacron Grafts is a clinical problem concerning aortic haemodynamics and morphological degeneration. The aortic stiffness introduced by grafts can lead to an increased left ventricular (LV) afterload. This study quantifies the impact of compliance mismatch by virtually testing different Type-B aortic dissection (TBAD) surgical grafting strategies in patient-specific, compliant computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A post-operative case of TBAD was segmented from computed tomography angiography data...
March 4, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438691/impact-of-pressure-guidewire-on-model-based-ffr-prediction
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessia Lucca, Luigi Fraccarollo, Fredrik E Fossan, Anders T Bråten, Silvia Pozzi, Christian Vergara, Lucas O Müller
INTRODUCTION: Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) is used to characterize the functional significance of coronary artery stenoses. FFR is assessed under hyperemic conditions by invasive measurements of trans-stenotic pressure thanks to the insertion of a pressure guidewire across the coronary stenosis during catheterization. In order to overcome the potential risk related to the invasive procedure and to reduce the associated high costs, three-dimensional blood flow simulations that incorporate clinical imaging and patient-specific characteristics have been proposed...
March 4, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38424391/12-lead-ecg-reconstruction-based-on-data-from-the-first-limb-lead
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexey Savostin, Kayrat Koshekov, Yekaterina Ritter, Galina Savostina, Dmitriy Ritter
PURPOSE: Electrocardiogram (ECG) data obtained from 12 leads are the most common and informative source for analyzing the cardiovascular system's (CVS) condition in medical practice. However, the large number of electrodes, specific placements on the body, and the need for specialized equipment make the ECG acquisition procedure complex and cumbersome. This raises the challenge of reducing the number of ECG leads by reconstructing missing leads based on available data. METHODS: Most existing methods for reconstructing missing ECG leads rely on utilizing signals simultaneously from multiple known leads...
February 29, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388764/aorta-segmentation-in-3d-ct-images-by-combining-image-processing-and-machine-learning-techniques
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christos Mavridis, Theodore L Economopoulos, Georgios Benetos, George K Matsopoulos
PURPOSE: Aorta segmentation is extremely useful in clinical practice, allowing the diagnosis of numerous pathologies, such as dissections, aneurysms and occlusive disease. In such cases, image segmentation is prerequisite for applying diagnostic algorithms, which in turn allow the prediction of possible complications and enable risk assessment, which is crucial in saving lives. The aim of this paper is to present a novel fully automatic 3D segmentation method, which combines basic image processing techniques and more advanced machine learning algorithms, for detecting and modelling the aorta in 3D CT imaging data...
February 22, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381368/a-monte-carlo-sensitivity-analysis-for-a-dimensionally-reduced-order-model-of-the-aortic-dissection
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamed Keramati, Erik Birgersson, Sangho Kim, Hwa Liang Leo
PURPOSE: Aortic dissection is associated with a high mortality rate. Although computational approaches have shed light on many aspects of the disease, a sensitivity analysis is required to determine the significance of different factors. Because of its complex geometry and high computational expense, the three-dimensional (3D) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation is not a suitable approach for sensitivity analysis. METHODS: We performed a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) to investigate the sensitivity of hemodynamic quantities to the lumped parameters of our zero-dimensional (0D) model with numerically calculated lumped parameters...
February 21, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38347340/impact-of-the-different-chemical-based-decellularization-protocols-on-the-properties-of-the-caprine-pericardium
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thirumalai Deepak, Deepak Bajhaiya, Anju R Babu
PURPOSE: This study aims to decellularized caprine pericardium tissue with varied non-ionic surfactant and anionic detergent concentrations. METHODS: Protocol A consists of 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Protocol B uses 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25% (w/v) Triton X-100. Protocol C comprised 0.5% SDS + 0.5% Triton X-100, 0.5% + 0.25%, and 0.25% SDS + 0.5% Triton X-100. RESULTS: Protocol B left a few countable cells in the pericardium tissue, but treatments A and C removed all cells...
February 12, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332408/s4d-ecg-a-shallow-state-of-the-art-model-for-cardiac-abnormality-classification
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhaojing Huang, Luis Fernando Herbozo Contreras, Leping Yu, Nhan Duy Truong, Armin Nikpour, Omid Kavehei
PURPOSE: This study introduces an algorithm specifically designed for processing unprocessed 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) data, with the primary aim of detecting cardiac abnormalities. METHODS: The proposed model integrates Diagonal State Space Sequence (S4D) model into its architecture, leveraging its effectiveness in capturing dynamics within time-series data. The S4D model is designed with stacked S4D layers for processing raw input data and a simplified decoder using a dense layer for predicting abnormality types...
February 8, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315312/shape-setting-of-self-expanding-nickel-titanium-laser-cut-and-wire-braided-stents-to-introduce-a-helical-ridge
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Bernini, Rudolf Hellmuth, Mike O'Sullivan, Craig Dunlop, Ciara G McKenna, Agnese Lucchetti, Thomas Gries, William Ronan, Ted J Vaughan
PURPOSE: Altered hemodynamics caused by the presence of an endovascular device may undermine the success of peripheral stenting procedures. Flow-enhanced stent designs are under investigation to recover physiological blood flow patterns in the treated artery and reduce long-term complications. However, flow-enhanced designs require the development of customised manufacturing processes that consider the complex behaviour of Nickel-Titanium (Ni-Ti). While the manufacturing routes of traditional self-expanding Ni-Ti stents are well-established, the process to introduce alternative stent designs is rarely reported in the literature, with much of this information (especially related to shape-setting step) being commercially sensitive and not reaching the public domain, as yet...
February 5, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38238600/a-3d-printed-externally-adjustable-symmetrically-extensible-ease-aortic-annuloplasty-ring-for-root-repair-and-aortic-valve-regurgitation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanjia Zhu, Matthew H Park, Robert J Wilkerson, Hyun-Chel Joo, Pearly K Pandya, Y Joseph Woo
PURPOSE: The valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSARR) procedure was developed to preserve the aortic valve apparatus to replace aneurysmal aortic roots with synthetic grafts and to eliminate associated aortic regurgitation (AR). However, residual post-repair AR is not uncommon and has been found to be associated with recurrent AR and future reoperation. METHODS: We designed and manufactured a 3D-printed, external adjustable symmetrically extensible (EASE) aortic annuloplasty ring that can symmetrically reduce the aortic annulus diameter via a radial constriction, compliant mechanism...
January 18, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38228812/an-anatomically-shaped-mitral-valve-for-hemodynamic-testing
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed Darwish, Chloé Papolla, Régis Rieu, Lyes Kadem
In vitro modeling of the left heart relies on accurately replicating the physiological conditions of the native heart. The targeted physiological conditions include the complex fluid dynamics coming along with the opening and closing of the aortic and mitral valves. As the mitral valve possess a highly sophisticated apparatus, thence, accurately modeling it remained a missing piece in the perfect heart duplicator puzzle. In this study, we explore using a hydrogel-based mitral valve that offers a full representation of the mitral valve apparatus...
January 16, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38228811/preclinical-models-of-cardiac-disease-a-comprehensive-overview-for-clinical-scientists
#17
REVIEW
Elisa C H van Doorn, Jorik H Amesz, Amir H Sadeghi, Natasja M S de Groot, Olivier C Manintveld, Yannick J H J Taverne
For recent decades, cardiac diseases have been the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Despite significant achievements in their management, profound understanding of disease progression is limited. The lack of biologically relevant and robust preclinical disease models that truly grasp the molecular underpinnings of cardiac disease and its pathophysiology attributes to this stagnation, as well as the insufficiency of platforms that effectively explore novel therapeutic avenues. The area of fundamental and translational cardiac research has therefore gained wide interest of scientists in the clinical field, while the landscape has rapidly evolved towards an elaborate array of research modalities, characterized by diverse and distinctive traits...
January 16, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38191807/blood-pressure-estimation-based-on-ppg-and-ecg-signals-using-knowledge-distillation
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Tang, Gang Ma, Lishen Qiu, Lesong Zheng, Rui Bao, Jing Liu, Lirong Wang
OBJECTIVE: Easy access bio-signals are useful for alleviating the shortcomings and difficulties associated with cuff-based and invasive blood pressure (BP) measurement techniques. This study proposes a deep learning model, trained using knowledge distillation, based on photoplethysmographic (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals to estimate systolic and diastolic blood pressures. METHODS: The estimation model comprises convolutional layers followed by one bidirectional recurrent layer and attention layers...
January 8, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38191806/hemodynamics-of-saline-flushing-in-endoscopic-imaging-of-partially-occluded-coronary-arteries
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Syed Faisal, Michael Barbour, Eric J Seibel, Alberto Aliseda
PURPOSE: Intravascular endoscopy can aid in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis by providing direct color images of coronary plaques. The procedure requires a blood-free optical path between the catheter and plaque, and achieving clearance safely remains an engineering challenge. In this study, we investigate the hemodynamics of saline flushing in partially occluded coronary arteries to advance the development of intravascular forward-imaging catheters that do not require balloon occlusion...
January 8, 2024: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38148470/edl-induced-electro-magnetized-modified-hybrid-nano-blood-circulation-in-an-endoscopic-fatty-charged-arterial-indented-tract
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Poly Karmakar, Sanatan Das
PURPOSE: The electrokinetic process for streaming fluids in magnetic environments is emerging due to its immense applications in medical and biochemical industrial domains. In this context, our proposed model seeks to inquire into the hemodynamic characteristics of electro-magnetized blood blended with trihybrid nanoparticles circulation induced by electro-osmotic forces in an endoscopic charged arterial annular indented tract. This steaming model also invokes the consequences of variable Lorentz attractive force, buoyancy force, heat source, viscous and Joule warming, arterial wall properties, and sliding phenomena for featuring more realistic problems in blood flows...
December 26, 2023: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
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